Seoul Metropolitan Subway
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| Seoul Subway | |
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| Locale | Seoul, South Korea Incheon, Gyeonggi-do, Chungcheongnam-do |
|---|---|
| Transit type | Rapid transit |
| Began operation | 1974 |
| System length | 287 km (179.4 mi) |
| Number of lines | 10 |
| Number of stations | 266 |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8½ in) |
| Owner | Seoul Metropolitan City Government Korea Rail Network Authority |
| Operator(s) | Seoul Metro Korail SMRT |
The Seoul Metropolitan Subway is one of the most heavily used rapid transit systems in the world, with well over 8 million trips daily on the system's ten lines (total figures for Seoul Metro, Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit Corporation & Korean Railroad commuter lines). The system serves Seoul, Incheon, Gyeonggi province and northern Chungnam province and connects with the single-line Incheon Subway system. There is a connection (not a free transfer) to the Incheon International Airport Railroad (A'REX) at Gimpo Airport Station on Line 5. Over 70% of the total metro track length is underground.
The Seoul Subway is considered user friendly for non-Koreans since all directional signs are written in both Korean and English, and the voice announcement in the trains indicating the upcoming station, possible line transfer and exiting side are all said in Korean, followed by English. However Line 2 (Green Line) has additional side lines and at times passengers will be told to exit the train and board the following train instead. These broadcasts are in Korean only and therefore do lead to confusion for foreign travelers.
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[edit] Operators
The subway is operated by three different organisations:
- Korail; 한국철도공사 (Bundang Line, Jungang Line, most of Line 1, and parts of Lines 3 & 4). An average of 2,177,000 people use Korail's Seoul commuter lines daily [1].
- Seoul Metro; 서울메트로 (Line 2, underground section of Line 1, and large parts of Lines 3 & 4). The corporation runs a total of 199 trains at 115 stations on lines 1-4. Generally, operation intervals are 2.5 -3 minutes during rush hours and 4-6 minutes during non-rush hours. An average of 3,879,000 passengers use subway lines 1-4 daily [1].
- Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit Corporation; 서울특별시도시철도공사 (SMRT) (Lines 5, 6, 7, and 8). An average of 2,037,000 passengers use subway lines 5-8 daily [1].
The operators for lines currently under construction (see below) are as follows:
- Seoul Metro Line 9 Corporation for Line 9
- Shin Bundang Line Corporation for the New Bundang Line
- Yongin Light Rail Corporation for the EverLine Rapid Transit System
[edit] Lines
The subway lines and their operators and colours are as follows:
| Color | Name/Number | Korean name | Start | End | Operator |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dark blue | Line 1 | 서울 지하철 1호선 | Soyosan | Incheon, Cheonan or Gwangmyeong | Korail (Soyosan-Hoegi, Namyeong-Cheonan, Guro-Incheon, Siheung-Gwangmyeong)/ Seoul Metro (Seoul Station-Cheongnyangni) |
| green | Line 2 | 서울 지하철 2호선 | City Hall, Seongsu, Sindorim |
City Hall, Sinseol-dong or Kkachisan |
Seoul Metro (except Kkachisan, run by SMRT.) |
| orange | Line 3 | 서울 지하철 3호선 | Daehwa | Suseo | Seoul Metro (Jichuk-Suseo) / Korail (Jichuk-Daehwa) |
| blue | Line 4 | 서울 지하철 4호선 | Danggogae | Oido | Seoul Metro (Danggogae-Namtaeryeong) / Korail (Seonbawi-Oido) |
| purple | Line 5 | 서울 지하철 5호선 | Banghwa | Sangil-dong or Macheon | SMRT |
| brown | Line 6 | 서울 지하철 6호선 | Eungam | Bonghwasan | SMRT |
| olive | Line 7 | 서울 지하철 7호선 | Jangam | Onsu | SMRT |
| pink | Line 8 | 서울 지하철 8호선 | Amsa | Moran | SMRT |
| yellow | Bundang Line | 수도권 전철 분당선 K2 |
Seolleung | Bojeong | Korail |
| aqua | Jungang Line | 수도권 전철 중앙선 K1 |
Yongsan | Paldang | Korail |
[edit] History
The Korail, the forerunner of the Seoul Metro, began operating Line 1 in 1974. Lines 2, 3, and 4 followed in the late 1970s and 1980s. The SMRT was formed in 1994 to take over operation of lines 5 to 8.
[edit] Trains
[edit] Ticket
Ticket prices start at 1,000 won for a trip up to 6 miles (10km), with 100 won added for each 3 miles (5km) after that. Half-price children's tickets are available. Riders may also enter the system using a transportation card such as T-money, Upass, and KB Free Pass. There is a 100 won discount for using a transportation card. The city government is planning to use Seoul Citypass as a transportation card. Senior citizens and disabled people qualify for free transit and can get a free ticket or enter and exit using side gates rather than turnstiles.
[edit] New construction
Two new subway lines are currently under construction and have yet to open:
- Line 9 will run east from Gimpo Airport along the south bank of the Han River. Construction of the first phase began in April 2002 and is due for completion in 2008. [1]
- New Bundang Line will be a new line from Gangnam in Seoul to Jeongja in Bundang, Seongnam. Construction is due to be completed in 2010.
Several existing lines are also currently undergoing extension:
- Line 3 will be extended south from Suseo to Garak Market and Ogeum, interchanging with lines 8 and 5 respectively, by 2009.[2]
- By 2008, the Bundang Line will be extended north from Seolleung to Wangsimni and south to Yongin and Suwon, with eventual plans for it to link up with a new "Su-in" (Suwon-Incheon) line in two parts all the way to Incheon, completing, together with a section of Line 4, a southern outer semicircle.[3]
- Line 7 will be extended west by 6.1 miles (9.8km) from Onsu to meet the Incheon Subway at Bupyeong-gu Office. Nine new stations will be added by 2010.
There are several major works still in the planning stage:
- A 10km (6.25 mile) extension to the New Bundang Line (see above) northward from Gangnam to Yongsan is under consideration. If approved, the project is estimated to cost at least 400 billion won[4].
- By the end of 2011, Seoul City plans to build a 10.72km (6.7 mile) 'light' subway line from Ui-dong to Sinseol Dong in northern Seoul[5]. The line is expected to carry 110,000 passengers a day and will have 12 stations. It will connect to Line 4 at Sungshin Women's University, Line 6 at Bomun and Sinseol Dong (Lines 1 & 2).
- EverLine Rapid Transit System will be a new line branching off the Bundang Line extension and running east into Yongin and then to the theme park Everland.[6]
- An extension of the Jungang Line from Deokso is also planned. This should eventually terminate at Yongmun.[7]
For more details on new projects, see [8] (in Korean)
[edit] See also
- Incheon Subway
- List of Korea-related topics
- List of rapid transit systems
- List of urban rail systems by length
- Seoul Metropolitan Subway stations
- Top 10 metro systems in terms of annual passenger rides
- Top 10 metro systems in terms of number of stations
- Transportation in South Korea
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[edit] References
[edit] External links
- Official Homepages
- City Government
- Seoul Metropolitan Government - Subway General Information
- English-language WMV video describing Seoul Subway history, current construction and future projects
