Saxe-Hildburghausen

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Herzogtum Sachsen-Hildburghausen Duchy of Saxe-Hildburghausen State of the Holy Roman Empire, State of the Confederation of the Rhine, State of the German Confederation ← 1680 – 1826 → Capital Heldburg (to 1684) Hildburghausen (from 1684) Government Principality Historical era Middle Ages  - Partitioned from     Saxe-Gotha   1680  - Reichsunmittelbarkeit 1702  - Passed to Saxe-Meiningen 1826

Saxe-Hildburghausen (German: Sachsen-Hildburghausen) was an Ernestine duchy in what is now southern Thuringia, Germany. Its territory was similar to that of the modern Hildburghausen district.

[edit] History

Despite its tiny territory, this was an autonomous duchy from 1680 to 1826; in 1684 the capital was moved from Heldburg to Hildburghausen, and the mini-state became known as Saxe-Hildburghausen. The dukes built a palace, a French-style park and other pompous buildings in Hildburghausen.

In 1810, a princess of Saxe-Hildburghausen, Therese, was married to Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria, who became king of Bavaria 15 years later; this event is the reason for the Oktoberfest, held annually in Munich.

In 1826, the states of Thuringia were reorganised: the last ruler of Saxe-Altenburg died without an heir; the duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen became his successor, but he had to cede his own realm to Saxe-Meiningen.

In 1868, four districts were established in the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen. Hildburghausen was one of these districts, with boundaries very similar to those of the former duchy. It remained almost unchanged until 1993, when the former district of Suhl was dissolved and most of its municipalities joined the district.

[edit] Dukes of Saxe-Hildburghausen

• Ernst II (1675–1715)
• Ernst Frederick I (1715–24)
• Ernst Frederick II (1724–45)
• Ernst Frederick III (1745–80)
• Frederick (1780–1825)

Incorporated into Saxe-Meiningen

v • d • e Ernestine duchies after the Division of Erfurt (1572) Saxe-Weimar (1572–1806) • Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach (1572–1596) • Saxe-Coburg (1596–1633; 1681–1699) • Saxe-Eisenach (1596–1638; 1640–1644; 1672–1806) • Saxe-Altenburg (1603–1672; 1826–1918) • Saxe-Gotha (1640–1680) • Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1681–1826) • Saxe-Marksuhl (1662–1672) • Saxe-Jena (1672–1690) • Saxe-Eisenberg (1680–1707) • Saxe-Hildburghausen (1680–1826) • Saxe-Römhild (1680–1710) • Saxe-Saalfeld (1680–1735) • Saxe-Meiningen (1681–1918) • Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (1735–1826) • Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1806–1918) • Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1826–1918)

v • d • e Holy Roman Empire — Upper Saxon Circle (1512–1806) Electorates Brandenburg | Saxony Ecclesiastical princes Cammin Secular princes Anhalt | Barby | Hatzfeld | Pomerania: Further, Hither | Querfurt | Reuss: Elder, Junior | Saxe-Weimar | Schwarzburg: Rudolstadt, Sondershausen Prelates Gernrode | Quedlinburg | Walkenried Counts and Lords Hohnstein | Lohra and Klettenberg | Mansfeld | Schönburg | Stolberg: Stolberg, Wernigerode

v • d • e States of the Confederation of the Rhine (1806–13) Rank elevated by Napoleon Kingdoms: Bavaria · Saxony · Württemberg Grand Duchies: Baden · Hesse States created Kingdoms: Westphalia Grand Duchies: Berg · Frankfurt‡ · Würzburg Principalities: Aschaffenburg† · Leyen · Regensburg† Pre-existing states Duchies: Anhalt: Bernburg, Dessau, Köthen · Arenberg · Mecklenburg: Schwerin, Strelitz · Nassau · Oldenburg · Saxony: Coburg-Saalfeld, Gotha-Altenburg, Hildburghausen, Meiningen, Weimar*, Eisenach*, Weimar-Eisenach** Principalities: Hohenzollern: Hechingen, Sigmaringen · Isenburg-Birstein · Liechtenstein · Lippe-Detmold · Reuß: Ebersdorf, Greiz, Lobenstein, Schleiz · Salm††† · Schaumburg-Lippe · Schwarzburg: Rudolstadt, Sondershausen · Waldeck * until 1809     ** from 1809       † until 1810     ‡ from 1810    ††† until 1811

v • d • e States of the German Confederation (1815–66) Empires Austria Kingdoms Prussia · Bavaria · Saxony · Hanover · Württemberg Electorates Hesse Grand Duchies Baden · Hesse · Luxembourg · Mecklenburg: Schwerin, Strelitz · Oldenburg · Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach Duchies Anhalt: Bernburg¹, Dessau¹, Köthen² · Brunswick · Holstein · Limburg · Nassau · Saxony: Altenburg³, Coburg-Saalfeld4, Coburg-Gotha³, Gotha-Altenburg4, Hildburghausen4, Lauenburg, Meiningen Principalities Hesse-Homburg · Hohenzollern-Hechingen5 · Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen5 · Liechtenstein · Lippe · Reuss: Elder, Junior · Schaumburg-Lippe · Schwarzburg: Rudolstadt, Sondershausen · Waldeck and Pyrmont City-states Bremen · Frankfurt · Hamburg · Lübeck 1: Merged to Anhalt from 1863;     2: until 1847;     3: from 1826;     4: until 1826;     5: until 1850