Santo

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Rodolfo Guzmán Huerta
Statistics
Ring name(s)	Santo (Saint) El Santo (The Saint) Santo, el Enmascarado de Plata (Saint, the Silver Masked Man) Rudy Guzmán El Hombre Rojo (The Red Man) El Demonio Negro (The Black Demon) El Murcielago II (The Bat II)
Height	5 ft 9 in (1.75 m)
Weight	210 lb (95 kg/15 st)
Born	September 23, 1917 Tulancingo, Hidalgo, Mexico
Died	February 5, 1984 (aged 66)
Debut	1934 or 1935
Retired	September 12, 1982

Rodolfo Guzmán Huerta (September 23, 1917 - February 5, 1984), more widely known as Santo (Saint), was a Mexican professional wrestler, film actor, and folk hero. Santo, along with Blue Demon & Mil Máscaras, is one of the most famous and iconic of all Mexican luchadores, or free wrestlers, and has been referred to as one of "the greatest legends in Mexican sports"^[1] His wrestling career spanned nearly five decades, during which he became a folk hero and a symbol of justice for the common man through his appearances in comic books and movies. He is said to have popularized professional wrestling in Mexico just as Rikidōzan did in Japan and Hulk Hogan did in the United States.

1 Early years
2 Rise to fame
3 Becoming an icon
4 El Santo animated series
5 Santo Filmography
6 Championships and accomplishments
7 References
8 External links

[edit] Early years

Born in Tulancingo in the Mexican state of Hidalgo, to Jesús Guzmán Campuzano and Josefina Huerta (Márquez) de Guzmán as the fifth of seven children, Rodolfo came to Mexico City in the 1920s, where his family settled in the Tepito neighbourhood. He practiced baseball and American football, and then became interested in wrestling. He first learned Ju-Jitsu, then classical wrestling.^[2] Accounts vary as to exactly when and where he first wrestled competitively, either in Arena Peralvillo Cozumel on the 28th of June 1934, or Deportivo Islas in the Guerrero colony of Mexico City in 1935, but by the second half of the 1930s, he was established as a wrestler, using the names Rudy Guzmán, El Hombre Rojo (the Red Man), El Demonio Negro (The Black Demon) and El Murcielago II (The Bat II). The last name was a rip-off of the name of a famous wrestler Jesus Velazquez named "El Murcielago" (The Bat), and after an appeal by the Bat to the Mexican boxing and wrestling commission, the regulatory body ruled that Guzmán could not use the name.

[edit] Rise to fame

In the early 1940s, Guzmán married María de los Ángeles Rodríguez Montaño (Maruca), a union that would produce 10 children; their names were Alejandro, María de los Ángeles, Héctor Rodolfo, Blanca Lilia, Víctor Manuel, Miguel Ángel, Silvia Yolanda, María de Lourdes, Mercedes, and the youngest child Jorge, who also became a famous wrestler in his own right, El Hijo del Santo (Son of Santo). One of his grandsons (not a son of Jorge) wrestled under the name El Nieto Del Santo (Grandson of Santo), but after Son of Santo took legal action against him using the name Santo, he changed it to Axxel, but people still refer to him as Nieto del Santo.

In 1942, Rodolfo's manager, Don Jesús Lomelí, was putting together a new team of wrestlers, all dressed in silver, and wanted Rodolfo to be a part of it. He suggested three names, El Santo (The Saint), El Diablo (The Devil), or El Angel (The Angel), and Rodolfo chose the first one. On the 26th of June at the age of 25, he wrestled at the Arena Mexico for the first time as El Santo, although he became known simply as Santo. Under this new name he quickly found his style, and his agility and versatility made him very popular.

One of Santo's greatest matches was in 1952, when he fought a tag-team known as Los Hermanos Shadow (which consisted of famed luchadors Blue Demon and the Black Shadow). Santo beat and unmasked The Black Shadow in the ring, which triggered Blue Demon's decision to become a técnico, as well as a legendary feud between The Blue Demon and Santo that culminated in Santo's defeat in a well-publicized series of matches in 1952 and again in 1953. Although they appeared together in a number of action/adventure films, their rivalry never really ended in later years since Santo always remembered his defeat at the Blue Demon's hands.

[edit] Becoming an icon

Cover of El Santo comic issue no. 425

In 1952, the artist and editor José G. Cruz started a Santo comic book, turning Santo into the first and foremost character in Mexican popular literature, his popularity only rivalled by the legendary Kalimán character. The Santo comic book series (4 different volumes) ran continuously for 35 years, only ending in 1987.

That same year, a superhero motion picture serial was made entitled "The Man in the Silver Mask", which was supposed to star Santo, but he declined to appear in it, because he thought it would fail commercially. The film was made instead with well-known luchador El Medico Asesino in the lead role, wearing a white mask similar to Santo's silver one. A villain named "The Silver-Masked Man" was introduced into the plot at the last minute, thus the title of the film strangely became a reference to the villain, not the hero.

In 1958, Fernando Osés, a wrestler and actor, invited Santo to work in movies, and although Santo was unwilling to give up his wrestling career, he accepted, planning to do both at the same time. Oses was planning on playing the hero in these films, with Santo appearing as his costumed sidekick. Fernando Osés and Enrique Zambrano wrote the scripts for the first two movies, el Cerebro del Mal (The Evil Brain) and Hombres Infernales (The Infernal Men), both released in 1958, and directed by Joselito Rodríguez. Filming was done in Cuba, and ended just the day before Fidel Castro entered Havana and declared the victory of the revolution. Santo played a masked superhero-type sidekick to the main hero (who was called El Incognito) in these two films, and was not the main character (nor was he depicted as a wrestler in these 2 films). The films did poorly at the box office when they were released. Years later however, when Santo's film career took off, the distributors of these two films quietly added Santo's name into the titles. Most people feel Santo's film career really took off in 1961, with his third movie "Santo Vs The Zombies." Santo was given the starring role with this film, and was shown for the first time as a professional wrestler moonlighting as a superhero.

Santo wound up appearing in a total of 52 lucha libre films in all, two of which were just cameo appearances. The style of the movies was essentially the same throughout the series, with Santo as a superhero fighting supernatural creatures, evil scientists, various criminals/ secret agents and so on. The tones were reminiscent of U.S. B-movies and TV shows, perhaps most similar to the old Republic Pictures serials of the 1940s.

Santo in Mujeres Vampiro

His best-known movie outside of Mexico is also considered one of his best, 1962s Santo vs. las Mujeres Vampiro (Santo vs. the Vampire Women), which was also featured in an episode of Mystery Science Theater 3000. In this movie, the production values were better, and there was an attempt at creating more a mythos and background for Santo, as the last of a long line of fighters against evil. It was an enormous success at the box office, and was one of the 4 Santo films ever to be dubbed in English. Some of these English films were imported to the United States through the efforts of K. Gordon Murray who changed the name of Santo to Samson for some of his releases. Santo's most financially successful film however was "The Mummies of Guanajuato" (1970), which co-starred Blue Demon and Mil Mascaras. Many Mexi-movie fans consider it to be the greatest Mexican wrestling film ever made.

The Santo film series inspired the production of similar series of movies starring other well-known Mexi-wrestlers such as Blue Demon, Mil Mascaras, Superzan and the Wrestling Women, among others. Santo even co-starred with Blue Demon & Mil Mascaras in several of his movies. When Blue Demon invited Santo to co-star with him and Mil Mascaras in the "Champions of Justice" movie trilogy, however, Santo was too busy making other films to participate.

By 1977, the masked wrestler film craze had practically died off, but Santo continued to appear in more films over the next few years. His last film was "FURY OF THE KARATE EXPERTS", shot in Florida in 1982, the same year he retired from the ring. Santo officially retired from wrestling on Sept. 12, 1982 (a week before his 65th birthday). His last match was at the El Toreo de Cuatro Caminos in Mexico. All told, his professional wrestling career spanned a total of 48 years.

Santo appeared as a guest on Contrapunto, a Mexican television program and, completely without warning, removed his mask just enough to expose his face. It is the only documented case of Santo ever removing his mask in public. Santo died from a heart attack on Feb. 5, 1984, at 9:40 p.m. (about a week after his Contrapunto TV appearance). He was 66 years old. As per his wishes, he was buried wearing his famous silver mask.

Santo is immortalized in the rockabilly band Southern Culture on the Skids' 1996 album Santo Swings!/Viva el Santo. Santo is often resurrected in Southern Culture's live performances when an audience member jumps onstage donning Santo's mask.

[edit] El Santo animated series

El Santo animated series

Santo also became an animated series on Cartoon Network. On October 27th, 2004, Cartoon Network released the first chapter of 5. Each chapter is about 2 minutes long, and they were shown weekly on Wednesday nights at 8:00 PM.

The mini series was inspired by Santo's classic movies. Santo fought against an evil scientist, Dr. Clone, who collected the DNA of Santo's previous foes and resurrected them to kill Santo and dominate the world.

[edit] Santo Filmography

Santo contra el cerebro del mal (Santo Vs. The Evil Brain, 1958)
Santo contra hombres infernales (Santo vs. The Infernal Men, 1958)
Santo contra los zombies (Santo vs. The Zombies, 1961) aka Invasion of the Zombies (dubbed in English)
Santo contra el rey del crimen (Santo vs. The King of Crime, 1961)
Santo en el hotel de la muerte (Santo In The Hotel of Death, 1961)
Santo contra el cerebro diabolico (Santo vs. the Diabolical Brain, 1962)
Santo contra las mujeres vampiro (Santo vs. The Vampire Women, 1962) aka Samson vs. the Vampire Women (dubbed in English)
Santo en el museo de cera (Santo In The Wax Museum, 1963) aka Samson in the Wax Museum (dubbed in English)
Santo contra el estrangulador (Santo vs. The Strangler, 1963)
El espectro del estrangulador (Santo vs. The Ghost of the Strangler, 1963)
Blue Demon contra el poder satánico (Blue Demon vs. Satanic Power, 1964) (Santo only had a cameo appearance here)
Santo en Atacan las brujas (Santo in The Witches Attack, 1964) aka Santo en la casa de las brujas
El hacha diabólica (Santo in The Diabolical Axe, 1964)
Santo en los profanadores de tumbas (Santo in The Grave Robbers, 1965)
Santo en el Barón Brakola (Santo in Baron Brakola, 1965)
Santo contra la invasión de los marcianos (Santo vs. The Martian Invasion, 1966)
Santo contra los villanos del ring (Santo vs. The Villains of the Ring, 1966) (Santo's last B&W film)
Santo en Operación 67 (Santo in Operation 67, 1966) (Santo's first color film)
Santo en el tesoro de Moctezuma (Santo in The Treasure of Moctezuma, 1967)
Santo en el tesoro de Drácula (Santo in Dracula's Treasure, 1968) aka The Vampire and Sex (a separate adult-rated version)
Santo contra Capulina (Santo vs. Capulina, 1968)
Santo y Blue Demon contra los monstruos (Santo and Blue Demon vs. the Monsters, 1969)
Santo contra Blue Demon en la Atlántida (Santo vs. Blue Demon in Atlantis, 1969)
Santo y Blue Demon en el mundo de los muertos (Santo and Blue Demon in the World of the Dead, 1969)
Santo contra los cazadores de cabezas (Santo vs. The Headhunters, 1969)
Santo frente a la muerte (Santo Faces Death, 1969) aka Santo vs. the Mafia Killers
Santo contra los jinetes del terror (Santo Vs The Terror Riders, 1970) aka The Lepers and Sex (a separate adult-rated version)
Santo en la venganza de las mujeres vampiro (Santo in the Revenge of the Vampire Women, 1970)
Santo contra la mafia del vicio (Santo vs. The Mafia of Vice, 1970) aka Mission Sabotage
Santo en la venganza de la momia (Santo in the Mummy's Revenge, 1970)
Santo en Las momias de Guanajuato (Santo in The Mummies of Guanajuato, 1970) co-starring Mil Mascaras and Blue Demon
Santo contra la hija de Frankenstein (Santo vs. Frankenstein's Daughter, 1971)
Santo contra los asesinos de otros mundos (Santo vs. the Killers from Other Worlds, 1971) aka Santo vs. the Living Atom
Santo y el tigresa en el aguila real (Santo and the Tigress in the Royal Eagle, 1971)
Santo en Misión suicida (Santo in Suicide Mission, 1971)
Santo en el misterio de la perla negra (Santo in the Mystery of the Black Pearl, 1971) aka The Caribbean Connection (this film was produced in 1971, but was only released in Mexico in 1975)
Santo y Blue Demon contra Drácula y el Hombre Lobo (Santo and Blue Demon Vs. Dracula and the Wolf Man, 1972)
Santo contra los secuestradores (Santo Vs. The Kidnappers, 1972)
Santo contra la magia negra (Santo vs. Black Magic, 1972)
Santo y Blue Demon en las bestias del terror (Santo and Blue Demon in the Beasts of Terror, 1972)
Santo contra las lobas (Santo vs. The She-Wolves, 1972)
Santo en Anónimo mortal (Santo in Anonymous Death Threat, 1972)
Santo y Blue Demon contra el doctor Frankenstein (Santo and Blue Demon Vs Dr. Frankenstein, 1973)
Santo contra el doctor Muerte (Santo Vs Dr. Death, 1973) aka Santo strikes again, aka The Masked Man Strikes Again" (one of only four Santo films that was dubbed in English)
Santo en la venganza de la llorona (Santo in the Revenge of the Crying Woman, 1974) co-starring boxing champ Mantequilla Napoles
Santo en Oro negro (Santo in Black Gold, 1975) aka La Noche de San Juan
Santo en el Misterio en las Bermudas (Santo in The Bermuda Mystery, 1977) co-starring both Blue Demon & Mil Mascaras
Santo en la frontera del terror (Santo at the Border of Terror, 1979) aka Santo vs. the White Shadow
Santo contra el asesino de televisión (Santo vs the TV Killer, 1981)
Chanoc y el hijo del Santo contra los vampiros asesinos (Chanoc and Son of Santo vs. The Killer Vampires, 1981) (Santo only had a cameo appearance in this film)
Santo en el puño de la muerte (Santo in Fist of Death, 1982)
Santo en la furia de los karatekas (Santo in Fury of the Karate Experts, 1982)

Note* - The 1952 film "EL ENMASCARADO DE PLATA" ("The Man in the Silver Mask") was not a Santo film. It starred a different Mexican masked wrestler named El Medico Asesino in the lead role. At the time the film was made, Santo had refused to appear in it, since he thought it had little chance of success.