San Cristoforo sul Naviglio
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San Cristoforo sul Naviglio is a church in Milan, northern Italy.
[edit] History
The complex is composed by two churches. The left one is the most ancient, which is know to be a Romanesque reconstruction of a far more ancient edifice (probably in turn located on the site of a Roman temple[1]). The Romanesque edifice was again rebuilt in the 13th century, when the Naviglio Grande was excavated. In the mid-14th century it received the Gothic portal and rose window.
The Gothic church was flanked by an hospital, built around 1364.
The more recent church, which currently is united to the other and gives the appearance of a single edifice, was constructed along the Naviglio bank in the 15th century, called Ducal Chapel. It was commissioned by Duke Gian Galeazzo Visconti in order to provide a holy edifice entitled to the protector of ill people, after a plague, that had killed some 20,000 Milanese in 1399, ceased suddenly for the alleged intercession of St. Christopher. The Chapel was also dedicated to the Saints John the Baptist and James, Blessed Christina, all protectors of the House of Visconti. The façade has in fact the Visconti coat of arms; the older church has instead that of Cardinal Pietro Filargo, then bishop of Milan and later pope as Alexander V.
In 1405 the counterfaçade of the Ducal Chapel was decorated with a Madonna Enthroned and Saints and a Crucifixion inspired to that in San Marco of Milan.
[edit] Architecture and art
The Romanesque church is a small hall ending with a small semicircular apse. The façade has a richly decorated brickwork portal with a Gothic rose window. The façade of the Ducal Chapel has a simple portal flanked by Gothic mullioned windows, according to a model established by Guiniforte Solari, and traces of frescoes of Saints from the 15th century.
The current bell tower is a 15th century enlargement of the original one, with conical cusp and mullioned windows.
The interior, turned into two naves in 1625 with the demolition of the wall separating the two churches, has a wooden ceiling in the left nave with fragments of frescoes by Bergognone on the wall. The apse houses frescoes of Bernardino Luini's school, portraying the Father with Angels and the symbols of the Evangelists, and Saints. The right nave has two spans with Gothic frescoes on the walls. There are also a notable wooden statue (14th century) representing St. Christopher and the Child.
[edit] Notes
- ^ This hypothesis is supported by the fact that the edifices entitled to St. Cristopher, patron of the pilgrims, often replaced those of Hercules, who was also a giant.
