San Carlos de Río Negro
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San Carlos de Rio Negro is a town in Venezuela's Amazonas State. It serves as the administrative centre for the surrounding municipality of Rio Negro, a municipal district inhabited (maioritariamente) for people Amerind, with prominence for the people Yanomami and Baniwa. It is at the front of the Colombian city San Rafael, that sit in the opposite side of the rio Negro.
The city of San Carlos de Río Negro was founded in 1759 around a mounted camp by the expedition captained by José Solano that moved to that area in the extent of the works of exploration of the limits between the Crowns of Portugal and Spain requested by the Treaty of Madrid. José Solano set up his exploration base in that place, in the margins of the Rio Negro, and there he settled with the few men that had survived the ascent along the Orinoco river, since most, including the famous Swedish botanist Pehr Löfling that accompanied the expedition, they had succumbed prey of the tropical diseases, especially the yellow fever.
The city locates the few kilometers the (jusante) of the outlet of the Casiquiare canal, in the shore of the international thing of the rio Negro, an important fluvial artery that it unites Venezuela, Colombia and Brazil. Their geographical coordinates are 1° 13' North latitude and 67° 06' longitude West, being 65 m above the medium level of the sea
The town just has aerial connections for regular services of aerotaxis and for waterway, since by land you only have a small highway of penetration of 20 km of extension that the league to the small fluvial port of the town of Solano, in the margins of Cassiquiare. In the environs there locates solid great denominated rocky La Piedra del Cocuy an excellent escalade place and of visit to one of the richest areas in biodiversity of the whole Earth.
The climate is tropical húmido, with annual medium temperature of 26,6°C and a medium precipitation of 3,633 mm/year.
San Carlos de Río Negro was visited from May 7 to May 10, 1800 for the expedition of Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland, constituting the most southern point of their (périplo) for the Amazon Basin.
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