San Agustín de la Isleta Mission

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San Agustín de la Isleta Mission, built in 1612, was a Spanish Mission in what is now Bernalillo County, New Mexico, United States. It was a religious outpost established by Spanish Catholic Franciscans, to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans.

Isleta Pueblo is the name of two pueblos of the ancient Tiwa (Spanish: Tigua]]) tribe, of remote Shoshoncan stock. The San Agustin de la Isleta Mission was founded on the older pueblo, on the west bank of the Rio Grande about 13 miles (21 km) south of Albuquerque.

The original Isleta (i.e. islet) was so named by the Spaniards from its position on a tongue of land projecting into the stream; the native name, Shiewhibak, seems to refer to a knife used in connection with a certain ceremonial foot race. It was first entered by the Spanish conquistador Francisco Vásquez de Coronado in 1540, and again in 1582-3 by Espejo (q.v.) while trying to ascertain the fate of Father Rodriguez and two other Franciscan missionaries who had been murdered by native people in the vicinity a year earlier.

Before 1629, it had become the seat of the Franciscan mission of San Antonio. At a later period, it received many refugees from outlying pueblos abandoned in consequence of Apache raids, until at the outbreak of the Pueblo Revolt of 1680 it may have numbered 2000 people. Due to the large number of Spaniards at the time, most were not hurt. The pueblo was burned and the remaining pueblo people went south to El Paso, Texas to the mission of San Antonio.

In 1692-3, Vargas reconquered the Pueblo country and mission work was soon after resumed. In approximately 1710, the original pueblo was reoccupied by the Isleta people, and a new mission established there under the name of San Agustin.

With the growth of the Spanish population, the importance of the Native American missions correspondingly decreased. In 1780-1, one-third of the Pueblo population was swept away by smallpox, in consequence of which most of the missions were abandoned, but that at Isleta continued to exist under Spanish and Mexican rule for fifty years longer, when it became virtually a secular church.

[edit] See also

• Spanish missions in New Mexico

[edit] External links

• New Mexico Dept of Tourism article

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This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913.