Salla disease

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Salla disease Classification and external resources
Sialic acid
OMIM	604369
DiseasesDB	31935
MeSH	D029461

Salla disease (also called sialic acid storage disease or Finnish type sialuria) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease characterized by early physical impairment and mental retardation.

Contents 1 Diagnosis 2 Pathophysiology 3 History 4 See also 5 References

[edit] Diagnosis

Individuals with Salla disease may present with nystagmus in the first months of life as well as hypotonia and cognitive impairment. The most severely impaired children do not walk or acquire language, but the typical patient learns to walk and speak and has normal life expectancy. The MRI shows arrested or delayed myelination.

[edit] Pathophysiology

The disorder is caused by a mutation in chromosome 6 (a recessive genetic trait in the gene SLC17A5, the locus of which is 6q14-15). This gene codes for sialin, a lysosomal membrane protein that transports the charged sugar, N-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid), out of lysosomes. The mutation causes sialic acid to build up in the cells.

[edit] History

First described in 1979,^[1] Salla disease is named after Salla, a municipality in Finnish Lapland. It is one of nearly 40 diseases that make up the Finnish disease heritage. The majority of Salla disease patients in Finland live in Salla or neighboring municipalities, with other patients living abroad.

[edit] See also

• Infantile free sialic acid storage disease (ISSD)

[edit] References

• Autio-Harmainen H, Oldfors A, Sourander P, Renlund M, Dammert K, Simila S (1988). "Neuropathology of Salla disease". Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 75 (5): 481–90. doi:10.1007/BF00687135. PMID 3287834. 
• Strehle EM (2003). "Sialic acid storage disease and related disorders". Genet Test 7 (2): 113–21. doi:10.1089/109065703322146795. PMID 12885332. 
• Kleta R, Morse RP, Orvisky E, Krasnewich D, Alroy J, Ucci AA, Bernardini I, Wenger DA, Gahl WA (2004). "Clinical, biochemical, and molecular diagnosis of a free sialic acid storage disease patient of moderate severity". Mol Genet Metab 82 (2): 137–43. doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2004.03.001. PMID 15172001. 

v • d • e Inborn error of carbohydrate metabolism - Lysosomal storage diseases: glycoprotein metabolic pathology - Glycoproteinosis, including mucolipidosis (E77, 272.7) Post-translational modification of lysosomal enzymes I-cell disease/II - Pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy/III Glycoprotein degradation Aspartylglucosaminuria - Fucosidosis - mannosidosis (Alpha-mannosidosis, Beta-mannosidosis) - Sialidosis/I Other Mucolipidosis type IV - Salla disease - Galactosialidosis see also enzymes