Sándor Gaál
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Sándor Gaál (Gogánváralja (former Hungary, today Romania), October 8, 1885 - Csernát (Romania), July 28, 1972) Hungarian physicist, the alleged co-inventor of the cyclotron.
Most all credible international sources give the credit of the invention of the cyclotron to American physicist and Nobel Laureate Ernest Orlando Lawrence, who invented the cyclotron during the spring of 1929 and built the first operational cyclotron in 1930 while at the University of California, Berkeley. In November 1939, Ernest O. Lawrence was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the cyclotron and its applications.
It is less known that Gaál may have described the cyclotron's working at about the same time as Ernest O. Lawrence during the spring of 1929. In 1929 Gaál allegedly sent a study, with the title Die Kaskadenröche. Ein Beitrag zum Problem der Atomkernzerstrümmerung, to the physics periodical Zeitschrift für Physik. The paper registered the study as of May 6, 1929, but to Gaál's misfortune it was not printed because the editors missed the topic of the study and erroneusly thought that it dealt with particle accelerators, a problem already solved in 1928 by Norwegian physicist Rolf Wideröe.
It was unveiled only in a publication[citation needed] in the 1950s by Teofil Vescan, professor of Bolyai University in Kolozsvár (Cluj).
Gaál died in poverty in 1972.
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