Rutland (UK Parliament constituency)

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Rutland
County constituency
Created: 1290
Abolished: 1918
Type: House of Commons
Members: two until 1885;
one from 1885–1918

Rutland was a parliamentary constituency covering the county of Rutland. It was represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until 1918, when it became part of the Rutland and Stamford constituency, along with Stamford in Lincolnshire. Since 1983, Rutland has formed part of the Rutland and Melton constituency along with Melton Mowbray from Leicestershire.

The constituency elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) until 1885, when it was reduced to one Member.

Contents

[edit] Boundaries

The constituency comprised the whole of the historic county of Rutland, in the East Midlands. Rutland, the smallest of the historic counties of England, never had any Parliamentary borough constituencies within its borders.

The place of election for the county was at Oakham. This was where the hustings were held; at which candidates were nominated (before the Ballot Act of 1872), polling took place (before the introduction of multiple polling places in county constituencies) and where the result was announced.

Pelling in his Social Geography of British Elections 1885-1910 describes most of the people in this county as "engaged in or dependent upon agriculture". The constituency was a safe Conservative one and was rarely contested in the period covered by the book. G.H. Finch MP had personally owned almost one tenth of the county he represented.

[edit] Members of Parliament

[edit] 1295-1640

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

[edit] 1640-1885

Year First member First party Second member Second party
November 1640 Hon. Baptist Noel Royalist Sir Guy Palmes Royalist
1643 Noel succeeded to peerage, August 1643 - seat vacant Palmes disabled from sitting, September 1643 - seat vacant
1646 James Harington Thomas Waite
1653 Edward Horseman Rutland had only one representative in the Barebones Parliament
1654 William Shield
1656 Abel Barker
January 1659 Edward Horseman
May 1659 Sir James Harington Thomas Waite not recorded as participating in the restored Rump
April 1660 Philip Sherard Samuel Browne
1661 Edward Noel
February 1679 Sir Thomas Mackworth
August 1679 Sir Abel Barker
1680 Sir Thomas Mackworth
1681 Edward Fawkener
1685 Baptist Noel Sir Thomas Mackworth
1689 Bennet Sherard
1694 Sir Thomas Mackworth
1695 Lord Burghley
1698 Richard Halford
1701 Sir Thomas Mackworth
1708 Philip Sherard
1710 Lord Finch John Noel [3]
1711 Richard Halford
1713 The Lord Sherard
1715 John Noel
1719 Marquess of Granby Whig
1721 Sir Thomas Mackworth
1727 John Noel
1728 Thomas Noel
1730 William Burton
1734 James Noel
1741 John Finch
1747 Lord Burghley
1753 Thomas Noel
1754 George Bridges Brudenell
1761 Hon. Thomas Chambers Cecil
1768 George Bridges Brudenell
1788 Gerard Noel Edwards [4]
1790 John Heathcote
1795 Lord Sherard
1796 Sir William Lowther
1802 The Lord Carbery
1805 The Lord Henniker
1808 Charles Noel Noel
1812 Sir Gilbert Heathcote Whig
1814 Sir Gerard Noel Noel Tory
1838 William Middleton Noel Conservative
1840 Charles George Noel Whig
1841 Sir Gilbert Heathcote Whig Hon. William Dawnay Conservative
1846 George Finch Conservative
1847 Protectionist Hon. Gerard Noel Conservative
1852 Whig
1856 Hon. Gilbert Heathcote Liberal
1867 George Henry Finch Conservative
1883 James William Lowther Conservative
1885 Representation reduced to one member

[edit] 1885-1918

Year Member of Parliament Party
1885 George Henry Finch Conservative
1907 John Gretton Conservative
1918 Constituency abolished: see Rutland and Stamford

Notes

  1. ^ Sir Andrew Noel was elected despite being ineligible, being Sheriff of Rutland; the Commons annulled his election and issued a new writ
  2. ^ Edward Noel was returned despite being ineligible to sit: he was underage, and owned no freeholds in the county. The controversial election, conducted by the candidate's father in his capacity as Sheriff, led to a suit in the Court of Star Chamber
  3. ^ On petition, Noel was declared not to have been duly elected
  4. ^ Adopted the surname Noel on succeeding to his uncle's estates in 1798

[edit] Elections

Population in 1831: 19,380

General Election 1832 (December 14)
 Registered Electors: 1,296
Sir G N Noel, Bart. Conservative
Sir G Heathcote Whig

General Election 1835 (January 10)
 Sir G N Noel, Bart. Conservative
Sir G Heathcote Whig

General Election 1837 (July 29)
 Sir G N Noel, Bart. Conservative
Sir G Heathcote Whig

Following the death of Sir G N Noel:

By-Election 1838 (March 13)
 Hon W M Noel Conservative

Mr Noel accepts Chiltern Hundreds (a procedural device to allow resignation from the House of Commons).

By-Election 1840 (January 28)
 Hon C G Noel Whig

General Election 1841 (July 12)
 G J Heathcote Whig (767 votes)
Hon W H Dawnay Conservative (676 votes)
- Hon C G Noel Whig (664 votes - unsuccessful candidate)

Mr Dawnay accepts Chiltern Hundreds.

By-Election 1846 (February 14)
 Geo Finch Protectionist

General Election 1847 (August 7)
 Sir G J Heathcote Protectionist
Hon G J Noel Protectionist

General Election 1852 (July 13)
 Sir G J Heathcote Whig
Hon G J Noel Conservative

Sir G J Heathcote created 1st Lord Aveland

By-Election 1856 (March 4)
 Hon G H Heathcote Whig

General Election 1857 (March 30)
 Hon G J Noel Conservative
Hon G H Heathcote Whig

General Election 1859 (May 3)
 Hon G J Noel Conservative
Hon G H Heathcote Whig

Population in 1861: 21,861

General Election 1865 (July 18)
 Hon G J Noel Conservative
Hon G H Heathcote Whig

Mr Noel appointed Lord of the Treasury. Members of some parliaments were required to seek re-election upon being appointed to a ministerial post. The subsequent by-elections were termed ministerial by-elections

Ministerial By-Election 1866 (July 14)
 Hon G J Noel Conservative

Mr Heathcote succeeded to Peerage (Lord Aveland). Peers are not eligigble to sit in the House of Commons.

By-Election 1867 (November 23)
 Geo H Finch Conservative

General Election 1868 (November 19)
 Registered Electors: 2,200
Hon G J Noel Conservative
Geo H Finch Conservative

Population in 1871: 22,073

General Election 1874 (February 5)
 Registered Electors: 1,840
Hon G J Noel Conservative
G H Finch Conservative

Hon G J Noel appointed First Commander of Works

Ministerial By-Election 1876 (August 17)
 Rt Hon G J Noel Conservative

General Election 1880 (April )
 Rt Hon G J Noel Conservative
G H Finch Conservative

Population in 1881: 21,434

Mr Noel accepts Chiltern Hundreds.

By-Election 1883 (August )
 J W Lowther Conservative (860 votes)
- J W Davenport Handley Liberal Party (194 votes - unsuccessful candidate)

Rutland reduced to one Member of Parliament

General Election 1885 (November 28)
Registered Electors: 1,725
G H Finch Conservative (2,366 votes)
- M C Buzzard, QC Liberal Party (1,110 votes - unsuccessful candidate)

General Election 1886 (July 2)
G H Finch Conservative

Population in 1891: 20,659

General Election 1892 (July)
G H Finch Conservative

General Election 1895 (July 13)
G H Finch Conservative

General Election 1900 (October 1)
Rt Hon G H Finch Conservative

Population in 1901: 19,709

General Election 1906 (January 17)
Registered Electors: 4,042
Rt Hon G H Finch Conservative (2,047 votes)
- H W Pearson Liberal Party (1,564 votes - unsuccessful candidate)

Following the death of Mr G H Finch:

By-Election 1907 (June 11)
 John Gretton Conservative (2,213 votes)
- W F H Lyon Liberal Party (1,362 votes - unsuccessful candidate)

January 1910 Election (January 20)
John Gretton Conservative (2,235 votes)
- W F H Lyon Liberal Party (1,531 votes - unsuccessful candidate)

December 1910 Election (December )
Population: 19,709; Registered Electors: 4,128
John Gretton Liberal Unionist Party (2,169 votes)
- J N Emery Liberal Party (1,367 votes - unsuccessful candidate)

[edit] References

  • Robert Beatson, A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807) [1]
  • D Brunton & D H Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
  • Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808) [2]
  • F W S Craig, Boundaries of Parliamentary Constituencies 1885-1972 (Parliamentary Reference Publications 1972)
  • F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (2nd edition, Aldershot: Parliamentary Research Services, 1989)
  • M Kinnear, The British Voter (London: Batsford, 1968)
  • McCalmont's Parliamentary Poll Book of All Elections 1832 - 1918
  • Lewis Namier & John Brooke, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1754-1790 (London: HMSO, 1964)
  • J E Neale, The Elizabethan House of Commons (London: Jonathan Cape, 1949)
  • Henry Pelling, Social Geography of British Elections 1885-1910 (Macmillan, 1967)
  • Henry Stooks Smith, The Parliaments of England (1st edition published in three volumes 1844-50), second edition edited (in one volume) by F.W.S. Craig (Political Reference Publications 1973)
  • Leigh Rayment's Peerage Page