Rubella virus
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- This page is for the virus. For the disease, see Rubella.
Rubella virus is an RNA virus and the only member of the genus Rubivirus within the Togavirus family.
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[edit] Structure
The virus particle, or virion, is enveloped and approximately 60nm in diameter. The surounding envelope is derived from the host cell membrane and viral glycoproteins that form projections approximately 6nm long. [1] The virion consists of a single polyadenylated molecule of RNA enclosed in a nucleocapsid. [2]
[edit] Replication
Rubella virus replicates in the cytoplasm of host cells. The viral genomic RNA serves as a template for the synthesis of negative sense RNAs which are used to produce cytoplasmic messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNAs direct the production of viral proteins and are also packaged as genomic RNA in virions. [3]
[edit] Genome
The viral RNA has two open reading frames (ORFs) and untranslated regions (UTRs) at the 5' and 3' ends of the genome.[4]
[edit] Structural proteins
The virus contains three glycosylated, membrane- associated proteins, El, E2a and E2b, and one unglycosylated nucleocapsid protein, C .[5]
[edit] References
- ^ Bardeletti G, Kessler N, Aymard-Henry M (1975). "Morphology, biochemical analysis and neuraminidase activity of rubella virus". Arch. Virol. 49 (2-3): 175–86. doi:. PMID 1212096.
- ^ Pugachev KV, Frey TK (1998). "Effects of defined mutations in the 5' nontranslated region of rubella virus genomic RNA on virus viability and macromolecule synthesis". J. Virol. 72 (1): 641–50. PMID 9420269.
- ^ Tzeng WP, Frey TK (2005). "Rubella virus capsid protein modulation of viral genomic and subgenomic RNA synthesis". Virology 337 (2): 327–34. doi:. PMID 15907967.
- ^ Pugachev KV, Abernathy ES, Frey TK (1997). "Genomic sequence of the RA27/3 vaccine strain of rubella virus". Arch. Virol. 142 (6): 1165–80. doi:. PMID 9229006.
- ^ Oker-Blom C, Kalkkinen N, Kääriäinen L, Pettersson RF (1983). "Rubella virus contains one capsid protein and three envelope glycoproteins, E1, E2a, and E2b". J. Virol. 46 (3): 964–73. PMID 6854740.
