Ross Dependency
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Ross Dependency | ||||
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| Motto: none | ||||
| Anthem: none |
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| Major bases | Scott Base (NZ) McMurdo Station (USA) |
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| Government | directly administered from New Zealand | |||
| - | Governor | Anand Satyanand | ||
| New Zealand dependency | ||||
| - | Entrusted | 1923 | ||
| - | Sector span | 160°E - 150° W | ||
| Area | ||||
| - | Total | 450,000 km² 174,000 sq mi |
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| Population | ||||
| - | Seasonal estimate | 10 to 801 200 to 1,0002 85 to 2003 0 to 904 |
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| Currency | New Zealand dollar (NZD) |
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| Time zone | NZST (UTC+12) | |||
| - | Summer (DST) | NZDT (UTC+13) | ||
| (Sep to Apr) | ||||
| Internet TLD | .nz, .aq | |||
| Calling code | +64 2409 | |||
| 1 Scott Base 2 McMurdo Station 3 Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station 4 Zucchelli Station |
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The Ross Dependency comprises an area of Antarctica (and other land masses in the Southern Ocean) claimed by New Zealand. It is defined by a sector originating at the South Pole, passing along longitudes 160° east to 150° west, and terminating at latitude 60° south. The Dependency takes its name from Sir James Clark Ross, who discovered the Ross Sea.
The Dependency includes part of Victoria Land, and most of the Ross Ice Shelf. Ross Island, Balleny Islands and the small Scott Island also form part of the Dependency, as does the ice-covered Roosevelt Island.
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[edit] Habitation
The scientific bases of Scott Base (New Zealand) and McMurdo Station (USA) currently form the only permanently occupied human habitations in the area – unless one includes the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station at the very edge of the territory. The Dependency has a snow runway at Williams Field, and depending on conditions and time of year, two ice runways. This guarantees accessibility by wheeled and ski equipped aircraft year round.
Italy conducts scientific research each summer at their Zucchelli Station in Terra Nova Bay, and from 1969 to 1995 New Zealand operated a summer-only base called Vanda Station in the Dry Valley area of the dependency.
Greenpeace maintained its own Antarctic station in the Ross Dependency called World Park Base from 1987 to 1992, which was on Ross Island. As this base was a non-governmental entity, the official policy of the signatory nations of the Antarctic Treaty was not to give any support or assistance to it.
[edit] Jurisdiction
The British government took possession of the territory in 1923 and entrusted it to the administration of New Zealand. Under the provisions of the Antarctic Treaty System, to which New Zealand is a signatory, no nation may make efforts to enforce sovereignty or territorial claims over the Antarctic continent proper. The actual amount of land mass claimed is not large; most of the area defined as being in the Ross Dependency is either in the Ross Sea or the Antarctic Ocean. It is the smallest of the claims which were made prior to the implementation of the Antarctic Treaty System and the suspension of all territorial claims to Antarctica proper.
The Governor-General of New Zealand is also the Governor of Ross Dependency[1]. Officers of the Government of the Ross Dependency are annually appointed to run the Dependency.
In the late 1980s, when the British non-governmental exploratory vessel Southern Quest sank in the Ross Sea, United States Coast Guard helicopters rescued the crew, who were taken to McMurdo Station. The expedition was criticised by scientists in the Antarctic because the rescue and return of the crew disrupted their work.[2]
In 2006, the New Zealand police reported that jurisdictional issues prevented them issuing warrants for potential American witnesses who were reluctant to testify during the Christchurch Coroner's investigation into the poisoning death of Rodney Marks at the South Pole base.[3][4]
[edit] Postage stamps
- Further information: Postage stamps and postal history of the Ross Dependency
[edit] Flag
.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Ross_Dependency_(unofficial).svg.png)
Currently, only the New Zealand national flag serves in an official capacity in the Ross Dependency. The only other 'official' flag seen in photographs was the New Zealand Post flag to denote Scott Base's post office.
[edit] Notes
- ^ New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade
- ^ Robert Swan Expedition 1984-85. Glasgow Digital Library. Retrieved on 2007-03-25.
- ^ Hotere, Andrea. "South Pole death file still open". Sunday Star Times, December 17, 2006. Retrieved on December 19, 2006.
- ^ Deutsche Presse-Agentur. "Death of Australian astrophysicist an Antarctic whodunnit". Monstersandcritics.com, December 14, 2006. Retrieved on December 19, 2006.
[edit] External links
- Government of the Ross Dependency — official description
- Antarctica New Zealand — Crown entity charged with administering, developing and managing Ross Dependency
- 50 years of Scott Base
- History - From University of Canterbury
- http://www.south-pole.com/homepage.html
- Stamps of Ross Dependency
- map of Ross Dependency (central part)
- Scientific Research by NIWA in Antarctica
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| Supranational level | Realm of New Zealand | ||||||||||
| National level | New Zealand | Tokelau | Cook Islands | Niue | Ross Dependency | ||||||
| Regions | 12 non-unitary regions | 4 unitary regions | Chatham Islands | Kermadec Islands | sub-Antarctic islands | ||||||
| Territorial authorities | 16 cities and 57 districts | ||||||||||
| Notes | Some districts lie in more than one region | These combine the regional and the territorial authority levels in one | Special territorial authority | Areas outside regional authority; these, plus the Chatham Islands and the Solander Islands, form the New Zealand Outlying Islands | State administered by New Zealand | States in free association with New Zealand | Claimed by New Zealand, but claim frozen by the Antarctic Treaty | ||||
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