Robotic paradigms

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A robotic paradigm can be described by the relationship between the 3 primitives of robotics: Sense, Plan, and Act. It can also be described by the way sensory data is processed and distributed through the system.

Contents 1 Hierarchical Paradigm 2 Reactive Paradigm 3 Hybrid Deliberate/Reactive Paradigm 4 See also 5 References

[edit] Hierarchical Paradigm

• The robot operates in a top-down fashion, heavy on planning.
• The robot senses the world, plans the next action, acts; at each step the robot explicitly plans the next move.
• All the sensing data tends to be gathered into one global world model.

[edit] Reactive Paradigm

• Sense-act type of organization.
• The robot has multiple instances of Sense-Act couplings.
• These couplings are concurrent processes, called behaviours, which take the local sensing data and compute the best action to take independently of what the other processes are doing.
• The robot will do a combination of behaviours.

[edit] Hybrid Deliberate/Reactive Paradigm

• The robot first plans (deliberates) how to best decompose a task into subtasks (also called “mission planning”) and then what are the suitable behaviours to accomplish each subtask.
• Then the behaviours starts executing as per the Reactive Paradigm.
• Sensing organization is also a mixture of Hierarchical and Reactive styles; sensor data gets routed to each behaviour the needs that sensor, but is also available to the planner for construction of a task-oriented global world model.

[edit] See also

• Behavior-based robotics
• Subsumption architecture
• Hierarchical control system

[edit] References

• Asada, H. & Slotine, J.-J. E. (1986). Robot Analysis and Control. Wiley. ISBN 0-471-83029-1.
• Arkin, Ronald C. (1998). Behavior-Based Robotics. MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-01165-4.