Robert Black (serial killer)
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- For other meanings, see the Robert Black disambiguation page.
Robert Black (born April 21, 1947) is a serial killer and child molester from Scotland. He kidnapped, raped and murdered three girls during the 1980s, kidnapped a fourth girl who survived, attempted to kidnap a fifth, and is suspected of a number of unsolved child murders dating back to the 1970s throughout Europe.
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[edit] Early life
His natural mother (Jessie Hunter Black) refused to put the father's name on his birth certificate and had him fostered. She subsequently married Francis Hall, had four more children and died in 1982. Black never had any further contact with his half-siblings.
Locals and neighbours report that Black was often frequently and heavily bruised during his childhood, and acquaintances from primary school say he was "a bit of a loner but with a tendency to be bullied". He preferred to spend time with younger children and was known for committing random, sudden acts of sexual violence. Aside from a propensity for violence, Black developed a sexual awareness at an early age. He claims to have compared genitalia with a girl about the age of four. He also claims to have had a lifelong feeling that he should have been female (gender dysphoria).
In addition to this propensity for petty violence, Black was also developing a precocious sexual self-awareness. Years later Black remembers the emergence of a practice which began while he was living with the Tulips and would continue, and intensify, as he matured, developing a penchant for anal stimulation: "I used to push things up my anus," Black told psychologist Ray Wyre. "I was eight years old." Black loved the sensations from inserting objects up his anus, including a wine bottle, table leg and even a telephone-handset. Black explained to the incredulous officers that he wanted to see just how much he could fit up there. He also always had an uneasy feeling that he would have preferred to have been a girl - although there was certainly nothing feminine about his behaviour - he simply hated his penis and would have preferred to have had a vagina.[1] His favourite job was that of swimming-pool attendant, where he was sometimes able to go underneath the pool and remove the lights to look at little girls as they swam. He continued to indulge in anal fantasies when at night he used to break into the baths and swim lengths - with the sensation of a broom-handle firmly lodged up his anus.[2]
[edit] Early crimes
When Black was 11 years old his foster mother, Margaret Tulip, died. It was while at this second foster home that he first attempted rape at the age of 12 along with two other boys. They failed; the authorities were notified and Black moved again, this time to the Red House in Musselburgh. While there, a male staff member sexually abused him. While at Red House he also entered Musselburgh Grammar School where he developed an interest in football and swimming, the latter of which remained a lifelong love.
At age 15, Black left Red House and found a job working as a delivery boy in Greenock near Glasgow. He reports that while on his rounds, he molested 30-40 girls with various degrees of success. None of these incidents seem to have been officially reported until his first conviction at age 17 when he lured a seven-year-old girl to a deserted building, strangled her until she lost consciousness and then masturbated over her body. He was arrested and convicted of "lewd and libidinous" behaviour for this offence, but received only an admonishment.
After this, Black moved back to Grangemouth and got a job with a builders' supply company. He also found a girlfriend, Pamela Hodgson and was devastated when she ended the relationship several months later. In 1966, Black's sexual desires resurfaced when he molested his landlord and landlady's nine-year old granddaughter. The girl eventually told her parents. They took no legal action but Black was ordered to leave the house.
At this time, Black moved to Kinlochleven where he was raised. He took a room with a couple who had a seven-year-old daughter. As before, Black molested the girl. This time, however, when the sexual abuse was discovered, the police were notified and Black was eventually sentenced to a year of borstal training at Polmont.
On his release, Black left Scotland and moved to London. His abuse of young girls subsided for a time when he discovered child pornography — when police searched his home after his arrests for murder, they discovered more than 100 child pornography magazines and 50 videos. In London, Black found work as a swimming pool attendant and would sometimes go underneath the pool, remove the lights and watch young girls as they swam. Soon, a young girl complained that Black had touched her and while no official charges were brought, Black lost his job.
[edit] Murders
On July 30, 1982, Black kidnapped 11-year-old Susan Maxwell from her home village of Cornhill on Tweed, on the English side of the English/Scottish border. He raped and strangled her and dumped her body by the side of a road near Uttoxeter, in central England.
On July 8, 1983, he kidnapped five-year-old Caroline Hogg from Portobello, Scotland. Her body was found 10 days later in a ditch in Leicestershire, England. The cause of death could not be determined due to decomposition (as had been the case with Susan Maxwell), but the absence of clothes suggested a sexual motive.
Three years later, on March 26, 1986, 10-year-old Sarah Harper vanished from Morley in Leeds. Black had kidnapped, raped and murdered her. Her body was found dumped in the River Trent near Nottingham a month later.
The three murders were connected by police at this stage because of the way the girls had been snatched from, and dumped in, locations that were far apart, suggesting a killer who travelled as part of his occupation - possibly a lorry driver. An enormous police operation was launched.
[edit] Capture and first trial
Black was arrested on July 14, 1990, near Stow, Scotland. He was seen snatching a six-year-old girl off the street and bundling her into his van. An alert member of the public called the police who chased after the van and subsequently apprehended Black. The little girl's father was one of the police officers on the scene and was the one who discovered the child in the back of the van, tied up, gagged and stuffed into a sleeping bag. Apart from suffering from shock, the girl was uninjured. A search of Black's home revealed a large collection of child pornography.
The following month, Black was convicted of abduction and was sentenced to life imprisonment.
[edit] Murder trial
Police suspected Black of the murders of Susan Maxwell, Caroline Hogg and Sarah Harper. They checked his petrol receipts and eventually charged Black with all three murders, in addition to the attempted kidnapping of a 15-year-old girl who had escaped the clutches of a man who had tried to drag her into a van in 1988.
Black stood trial at Newcastle upon Tyne Moot Hall on Wednesday 13th April 1994 and denied the charges[3]. The prosecution was able to place him at the scenes and show the similarities between the three killings and the kidnap of the six-year-old girl who had been rescued. Juries are not usually allowed to know of a defendant's current or past convictions, but in this case the judge allowed it.
On May 19th, the jury found Black guilty on all counts, and he was sentenced to life imprisonment and told that he should serve at least 35 years. This would keep him behind bars until at least 2029, when he would be 82.
Police have asked Black about the disappearance of up to nine other girls whose fates remain unknown, including papergirl Genette Tate who disappeared in 1978. So far they have made no progress, and the files on all these missing children remain open.
[edit] Update
From the BBC site
Jennifer Cardy, nine, was abducted and murdered in 1981 as she cycled to a friend's house near her home in Ballinderry, near Lisburn. Robert Black, who is 60 and originally from Scotland, was first questioned about the murder in 2005. Detectives have now sent a file to the Public Prosecution Service in Belfast. It is understood earlier this week PSNI detectives visited relatives of the children Black murdered in Scotland and northern England to inform them of developments.
In 1981, Jennifer's bike was discovered in a field near her home and her body was found six days later by a fisherman at a dam near Hillsborough in County Down. Black was working as a van driver at the time and was delivering posters across the United Kingdom, including Northern Ireland. A team of detectives led by Chief Superintendent Raymond Murray later questioned him about Jennifer's murder. Black was jailed in Newcastle in 1994 for the murders of Susan Maxwell, 11, from Cornhill-on-Tweed, in July 1982, Caroline Hogg, five, from Edinburgh, in July 1983, and Sarah Harper, 10, from Morley, near Leeds, in March 1986.
He has also been questioned about other unsolved murders since his conviction.
He is serving a minimum of 35 years in Wakefield Prison in West Yorkshire.
