Riograndense Republic

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República Rio-Grandense
Riograndense Republic

1836 – 1845


Flag	Coat of arms

Motto
Liberdade, Igualdade, Humanidade.
(Portuguese for "Liberty, Equality, Humanity.")

Capital

Piratini

Language(s)

Portuguese

Government

Republic

President

Bento Gonçalves da Silva

History

- Battle of Seival

September 11, 1836

- Ponche Verde Treaty

March 5, 1845

The Riograndense Republic, often called Piratini Republic (Portuguese: República Rio-Grandense or República do Piratini), was a separatist state that existed between September 11, 1836 and March 1, 1845 geographically coinciding with the present state of Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil. It voted itself a Constitution in 1843.

Independence was proclaimed by Antônio de Souza Netto, who assigned Bento Gonçalves da Silva as its first president during the rebellion which became the War of Tatters. It was led mostly by foreigners who had fought in the Argentina-Brazil War, generals who decreed that no compromise could be reached between the Brazilian Empire and Republican forces.

In 1839, the Piratini Republic formed a confederation with the short-lived Juliana Republic (República Juliana in Portuguese) which proclaimed its independence in the same year. November 1839, however, saw the war result in the defeat of the Juliana Republic.

The Riograndense Republic had five capitals during its nearly nine years of existence: the cities of Piratini (for which it is often called Piratini Republic), Alegrete, Caçapava do Sul (official capitals), Bagé (for only two weeks), and São Borja. The war between the Gaúchos and the Brazilian Empire was ended by the Ponche Verde Treaty.

[edit] Modern separatist movement

In 1992 he Pampa Independence Movement, led at that time by Irton Marx, re-proclaimed independence under the symbolic name of Federal Republic of Pampa, or Gaucho Pampas (República Federal do Pampa in Portuguese). The Republic covers only the State of the Rio Grande do Sul, the same original territory of the Rio-Grandense Republic, but some people would like include also the states of Santa Catarina and Paraná, and a few also the State of São Paulo^{[citation needed]}. The official language remain the Portuguese; misinformation say also about German and Italian languages, but this never take part of the Movement proposal.

The Pampa Independence Movement started to campaign for a public vote on the secession of the Rio Grande do Sul, and over 1 million signatures were collected^{[citation needed]}. The movement is inspired by the Farroupilha Revolution, started on 20th of September of 1835 with a ten years war against Brazil.