Refrancore

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Comune di Refrancore
Coat of arms of Comune di Refrancore
Municipal coat of arms

Location of Refrancore in Italy
Country Flag of Italy Italy
Region Piedmont
Province Province of Asti (AT)
Mayor Italo Mussio
 (elected June 13, 2004)
Elevation 150 m (492 ft)
Area 13.15 km² (5 sq mi)
Population (as of 2005)
 - Total 1,638
 - Density 125/km² (324/sq mi)
Time zone CET, UTC+1
Coordinates 44°56′14″N, 8°20′31″E
Gentilic Refrancoresi
Dialing code 0141
Postal code 14030
Frazioni Barcara, Bonina, Calcini, Maddalena, Platona, Rossi
Patron St. Denis
 - Day 18 September
Website: http://www.comune.refrancore.at.it

Refrancore (Piedmontese: Ël Francó or Arfrancor) is a village in the northwestern Italian province of Asti in the Piedmont region, located some 13 km east of Asti in the Basso Monferrato. The territory of the commune extends over an area of 13.15 km² and is largely devoted to agriculture, in particular to vineyards growing the Grignolino and Barbera wine grapes.

Although having only around 1,600 official residents, the population and activity within the village is enhanced by the presence of holiday homes and surrounding hamlets which officially lie within other village boundaries.

[edit] History and main sights

The name Refrancore derives from a battle fought between the Franks and Lombards. The battle was won by the Lombards and the blood spilt by the Franks tinted a local stream red giving the area the Latin name Rivus ex sanguine Francorum which literally means “A stream full of the Franks’ blood”. This became abbreviated to Rivusfrancorum and eventually Refrancore.

At one time there was a small castle on the hill above the village, a drawing of which appears in the Codex Astensis. The last remains of the castle were razed in the 19th century in preparation for the construction of a church which was never actually built.

On the hill near the site of the Castle there is a fifteenth-century ricetto fort which has remained almost entirely intact. Presently it is used as a kindergarten and old people’s home. The chapel which was part of the fort has been restored.

In the main square there is a clock tower which is all that remains of the eighteenth-century parish church which was demolished at the start of the twentieth century.