User talk:Raomap
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Doing six fundamental physics discoveries by single scientist
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The three experimental discoveries that the author has made are the following. For the first time UV dominant optical emission with very low quantum yield was detected from (i) XRF sources present as Rb, Ba, Tb salts (AMC 2084, U.K.) with bare photomultiplier tube (9635QB THORN EMI) using narrow band optical filters, and confirmed with the use of a pair of sheet polarizers. Significance of this DISCOVERY 1 is that diagnostic X-ray tubes in hospitals, XRF sources used in research and industry emit UV. This explains why after optical glow from X-ray pulsars. (ii) UV dominant optical emission was commonly detected even from radioisotopes present as radiochemicals like Cs- 137. Significance of this DISCOVERY 2 is that radiopharmaceuticals used in Nuclear Medicine emit UV, and contribute more radiation dose than expected to patients who receive radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes (Ref 5). If ionizing radiations and UV are detected simultaneously by two detectors can bring down the minimal detection limits. This discovery explains 'after optical glow' following gamma rays from Gamma ray Busters (GRBs). And (iii) UV dominant optical emission was commonly detected even from metals unprecedented at room temperature when present as XRF sources like Co, Mo, and Ag XRF sources or radioisotopes such as Co-57 and Co-60. Significance of DISCOVERY 3 is that metallic Co-60 used in Teletherapy Units for cancer treatment also emits UV. Definite experimental evidence is provided for the first ever optical emission from metals against familiar incandescence and luminescence.
REVOLUTIONARY ATOMIC SPECTRA OF SOLIDS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE -New class of atomic spectra from radioisotopes and XRF sources : The evidence that solid radioisotopes and XRF sources cause atomic spectra at room temperature has come from the UV dominant optical spectrum of metallic Co-57. Since ionizing radiations with keV or MeV energies are involved, they caused UV dominant high energy spectra. The spectrum represents excited Co-57 metal atoms, which become free atoms due to nuclear-valence and core- valence excitations. These free excited atoms situate in between unexcited metal atoms within the solid sources at room temperature cause a new class of atomic spectra as they distinctly differ from thermally excited atoms in gaseous phase that cause standard atomic spectra.
DISCOVERY 4: The author has predicted that ionizing radiation energies in keV or MeV first produce some exciting energies higher than that of UV, at eV level necessary for valence excitation and successive emission of fluorescent light from within parent excited atoms of XRF sources and radioisotopes. .Emission of previously unknown electromagnetic radiation (temporarily named Bharat radiation) from radioisotopes and XRF sources, the tenet of six discoveries is absolutely revolutionary. Therefore, ionizing radiations (beta, gamma, and X-radiations), Bharat (predicted), and optical emissions (detected) follow one after another from excited atom of XRF sources and radioisotopes. Possibly, Bharat radiation could be the same Black radiation from cosmic sources.
DISCOVERY 5: The two most spectacular advancements in the field of atomic spectroscopy: (i) Exciting energies (Bharat Radiation energies) produced internally within excited atom causing valence excitation and the successive atomic emission of light. (ii) Previously unknown Bharat Radiation causing the distinct class of 'atomic spectra from solids at room temperature' with strong lines in UV region, entirely different from the standard spectra
NEW ATOMIC STATE OF MATTER: The measurements providing the first evidence for formation of free atoms within solid radioisotopes and XRF sources notably at room temperature marked an important step on the existence of a new 'atomic state of matter' in solids at room temperature. Hopefully, futuristic studies will allow the characteristics of this fascinating new form of matter to be explored in detail.
DISCOVERY 6: The author explained how Bharat and optical radiation emissions take place by previously unknown Atomic phenomenon, which is essentially core-electron Coulomb field interaction of beta, gamma, and X-radiations. Degradation of energies taking place from keV or MeV to eV level is the hallmark of this phenomenon that we interpret as ionizing radiations causing Bharat radiation and optical emission.
DISCOVERY 6 is essentially the explanation how Bharat radiation is generated (i) Spectral results provided the key that X-, gamma, and beta radiations produced within an excited atom in XRF source or radioisotope act simply as energies in keV or MeV and lose a few eV while passing through core - Coulomb field. The loss of energy reappears as electromagnetic radiation with energy in eV level but higher than that of the UV or far-UV radiation that the source emits. It has been termed very recently as Bharat radiation, the first generation of X-ray, gamma ray, or beta particle. (ii) The Bharat radiation produced thus excites valence electron, and gives rise to 'Atomic spectra from solids at room temperature' following ionizing radiation from the same parent excited atom (discovery 5). As excited atom is the source of ionizing, Bharat and optical radiations, all these six discoveries come under sub-atomic discoveries.
References 1. M. A Padmanabha Rao, (1997) Atomic emission of light from sources of ionizing radiation by a new phenomenon, Technical Report No: DLJ/ IL/ 97/ 7 (Defence Laboratory, Jodhpur 342011, India, April 1997). [[2]]
2. M A Padmanabha Rao, (1997) LIGHT EMISSION OBSERVED FROM IONIZING RADIATION SOURCES BY AN ATOMIC PHENOMENON, National Symposium on Contemporary Physics, November 6-8, 1997, organized by The Indian Physics Association, at Physics Department, Presidency College, Calcutta (Kolkata), India [[3]]
3. M A Padmanabha Rao, (1998) Radioisotopes and X-ray sources emit fluorescent light by an atomic phenomenon, Proceedings of the 12th National Symposium on Radiation Physics, (Eds. P K Bhatnagar et al), Sponsored by Indian Society for Radiation Physics, Defence Laboratory, Jodhpur 342011, India, pp 273-276, and January 28-30 (Publisher: Hindustan Enterprises, Jodhpur 342003, Rajasthan, India). [[4]]
4. M A Padmanabha Rao, (1998), X-RAY SOURCE EMITS NOT ONLY X-RAYS BUT ALSO LOW ENERGY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION. 1998 Symposium on Radiation Measurements and Applications, (Ninth in a Series), May 11-14, 1998, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA. [[5]]
5. M A Padmanabha Rao (1999) Possible biological effects by UV radiation newly detected from internally administered radioisotopes. Proceedings of the National Seminar on low level electromagnetic field in biological systems, February 3-4, 1999, ed. J. Behari, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi (1999). [6]
6. M A Padmanabha Rao, DISCOVERY OF LIGHT EMISSION FROM XRF SOURCES, Presented at the 50th Annual Denver X-ray Conference, Steamboat Springs, Colorado, USA, July 30 to August 3, 2001, Abstract: F-01, XRF session, August 1, page 124 in Volume of Abstracts [[7]]
7. M A Padmanabha Rao, (2002) ROOM TEMPERATURE ATOMIC SPECTRA FROM SOLID RADIOISOTOPES AND XRF SOURCES, abstract F2-4 of the oral paper presented at the 34th EGAS (European Group for Atomic spectroscopy) Conference held during 9-12 July 2002 at Department of Physics, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria. [[8]]
8. M A Padmanabha Rao, (2003), Radiation physics discoveries provide keys to riddles of Black Hole Physics ad Gamma Bursts, Proceedings of 5th International Symposium on Fundamentals of Frontier Physics,organized by Dr. B. G. Sidharth, at B. M. Birla Science Centre, Hyderabad, 8-11 January 2003 (in press) [9]
9. M A Padmanabha Rao, New UV emitters: Radioisotopes and XRF sources- Explained by first mapping of photon, electron,Proton,and neutron. (in) Advances in Electronic Materials and Devices, (Eds) Prof. P.K. Bajpai, Dr.H.S.Tiwari, and Dr.A.Khaskalam, Department of Pure & Applied Physics, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur 495009, Chattisgarh State, India. [10]
Author: M.A.Padmanabha Rao Former Professor of Medical Physics, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Jolly Grant (2001) Head, Radiation Safety Group& Deputy Director, Defence Laboratory (DRDO), Jodhpur, Rajasthan (1983-97) Lecturer in Medical Physics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 1964-1983). [raomap@yahoo.com]; Delhi Ph: 91-11-28534251
