RAF Deopham Green
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Royal Air Force Station Deopham Green USAAF Station 142
|
|
|---|---|
| Located Near Attleborough, Norfolk, England | |
 Aerial Photo of Deopham Green Airfield - 9 July 1946 |
|
| Type | Military Airfield |
| Coordinates | |
| Location code | DG |
| Built | 1943 |
| In use | 1944-1948 |
| Controlled by | United States Army Air Forces |
| Garrison | Eighth Air Force |
| Occupants | 452nd Bombardment Group |
| Battles/wars | European Theatre of World War II Air Offensive, Europe July 1942 - May 1945   RAF Deopham Green, shown within Norfolk
|
RAF Deopham Green is a former World War II airfield in England. The field is located near Deopham Green 2 miles north of Attleborough in Norfolk.
Contents |
[edit] USAAF use
Deopham Green was built in 1942 and 1943 for the USAAF and assigned designation Station 142.
[edit] 452nd Bombardment Group (Heavy)
The airfield was opened 3 January 1944 and was used by the United States Army Air Force Eighth Air Force 452d Bombardment Group (Heavy), which arrived at Deopham Green from Walla Walla AAF Washington. The 452d was assigned to the 45th Combat Bombardment Wing, and the group tail code was a "Square-L". It's operational squadrons were:
- 728th Bomb Squadron (9Z)
- 729th Bomb Squadron (M3)
- 730th Bomb Squadron (6K)
- 731st Bomb Squadron (7D)
The group flew B-17 Flying Fortresses as part of the Eighth Air Force's strategic bombing campaign.
The 452d BG combat on 5 February 1944 with an attack against aircraft assembly plants at Brunswick. Throughout combat, engaged primarily in bombardment of strategic targets, including marshalling yards at Frankfurt, aircraft assembly plants at Regensburg, aircraft component works at Kassel, the ball-bearing industry at Schweinfurt, a synthetic rubber plant at Hanover, and oil installations at Bohlen.
First Lieutenant Donald Gott and Second Lieutenant William E Metzger Jr were each awarded the Medal of Honor for remaining with their aircraft (crippled during a mission over Germany on 9 November 1944). Lieutenant Gott was at the controls of a B-17 when it was hit by anti-aircraft fire, three engines being immobilised, a fire starting in the cockpit and with the radio operator and engineer being seriously wounded. Although faced with the imminent explosion of his bomb-laden aircraft, Lieutenant Gott, after conferring with his co-pilot, Lieutenant Metzger, decided to continue to the target. Then, after dropping their bombs, Lieutenant Gott made for the Allied lines to attempt to put the crippled Fortress down to save the life of the radio operator who had by now lost consciousness. Although ordered to bail out with the rest of the crew, the co-pilot chose to remain with Lieutenant Gott but, as he prepared to let down into a field the B-17 exploded killing all three crew members.
In addition to strategic missions, the 452d supported ground forces and carried out interdictory operations. Helped prepare for the invasion of Normandy by hitting airfields, V-weapon sites, bridges, and other objectives in France. The group struck coastal defenses on D-Day, 6 June 1944. Bombed enemy positions in support of the breakthrough at St Lo in July and the offensive against Brest in August and September 1944. Later in September, assisted the airborne attack on Holland. Hit enemy communications in and near the combat zone during the Battle of the Bulge, Dec 1944-Jan 1945. Bombed an airfield in support of the airborne assault across the Rhine in March 1945.
The group received a Distinguished Unit Citation for action on 7 April 1945 when, despite vigorous fighter attacks and heavy flak, it accurately bombed a jet-fighter base at Kaltenkirchen. The 452d Bomb Group flew its last combat mission of World War II [in Europe] on 21 April, striking marshalling yards at Ingolstadt.
The group flew a total of 250 missions from Deopham Green during the war, losing 110 of its bombers in the course of these operations. Indeed, the group suffered particularly heavy losses during the spring of 1944, at that time sustaining one of the highest rates of loss of any Fortress equipped unit in the Eighth Air Force. The 452d returned to the United States, being inactivated at Sioux Falls AAF [[South Dakota))on 28 August 1945.
[edit] Postwar use
After the war, the field was handed back to RAF Maintenance Command on 9 October 1945. Public roads, closed when construction started in 1942, were later re-opened, one of them using part of the old main runway, the airfield finally being closed on 1 January 1948.
Over the years most of the buildings have been torn down and the airfield has been returned to agricultural use. However many of the runways and taxiways of the old airfield remain, albeit at a reduced width. There is a memorial on the side of the road running through the site, another outside Hingham Church and another at Attleborough railway station.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- Freeman, Roger A. (1978) Airfields of the Eighth: Then and Now. After the Battle ISBN 0900913096
- Freeman, Roger A. (1991) The Mighty Eighth The Colour Record. Cassell & Co. ISBN 0-304-35708-1
- Maurer, Maurer (1983). Air Force Combat Units Of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0892010924.
- www.controltowers.co.uk Deopham Green
- USAAS-USAAC-USAAF-USAF Aircraft Serial Numbers--1908 to Present
