Radio France
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Radio France is the French radio broadcaster.
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[edit] Mission
Radio France's two principal missions are:
- To create and expand the programming on all of their stations; and
- To assure the development and the management of the following four orchestras and choirs:
- l'Orchestre National de France (National Orchestra of France)
- l'Orchestre Philharmonique de Radio France (Radio France Philharmonic Orchestra)
- Le Chœur de Radio France (Choir of Radio France)
- La Maîtrise de Radio France (Choir School of Radio France with a choir of children and teenagers)
[edit] Stations
Radio France has seven major national stations:
- France Inter — specialising in music, news and entertainment
- France Info — specialising in news
- France Culture — specialising in culture
- France Musique — specialising in classical music and jazz
- France Bleu — a network of regional stations
- FIP — specialising in a wide range of music: classical, hip hop, jazz, chanson, rock, blues, world music, etc.
- Le Mouv' — specialising in pop music
The international station, Radio France Internationale (RFI) has been independent of Radio France since 1986. Its funds are completely covered by the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
[edit] History timeline
- 1897: A year after Marconi’s experiments, Eugène Ducretet begins his trials of radio broadcasting from a mast on the third level of the Eiffel Tower
- 1921: The weather forecast and the stock market prices are read from a studio in the Eiffel Tower.
- 6 November 1922 (eight days before the BBC): Radiola, the first French private radio transmitter, begins regular broadcasts. It changes its name to Radio Paris in 1924. It is followed by Radio Toulouse and Radio Lyon, and in 1932/1933 by Radio Luxembourg. Before World War II, 14 commercial and 12 public sector radios operate in France.
- 1940–44: In both the German Occupied zone and under the Vichy regime in the south, radio is taken over by the State.
- 1942–43: With the agreement of Vichy, Radio Monte Carlo and its financial holding company la SOFIRAD are born.
- 1944: At the Liberation of France, the state broadcasting monopoly is retained for practical and ideological reasons. Public service radio broadcasting is ensured by the RDF, soon to be called the RTF, then the ORTF in 1964.
- 1955: The commercial station Europe No. 1 begins broadcasting from across the border in the Sarre region of Germany, freed from French occupation in that year.
- 1965: Under the management of Roland Dhordain, the four French radio stations are reorganised: France I and II are merged to "RTF Inter", later renamed "France Inter"; France III is renamed "RTF Promotion", and later "France Culture"; France IV is renamed "RTF Haute d'Fidelite", and later "France Musique".
- 1975: When the ORTF is broken up into separate TV channels, technical services, and radio, Radio France gains its independence from other media institutions as the state controlled public service radio broadcaster.
- 1981: Following pressure from the independent and commercial radio lobbies and pirate broadcasters, the newly elected President François Mitterrand allows the licensing of "free" radio stations, to become "radios locales privées", initially with a state subsidy and then financed by commercial advertising (1984), and finally to group themselves into national networks (1986). A private radio sector broadcasting from within French borders is reborn.
- 1999: The daily radio audience (reach) is 83%. They listen on average for over three hours a day. 99% of French homes have a radio. 80% of French households have a car radio, and 26.8% a personal stereo.
- 2000: Radio France re-organises its radio network. France Bleu becomes a regional-only network, primarily on FM (the national AM radio network was re-attributed to France Info) and several FIP stations in large cities were closed down and replaced with youth station Le Mouv'.
[edit] Location
Radio France is located at the Maison de Radio France (or Maison de la Radio), a round building situated in the XVIe arrondissement of Paris. The house was designed by Henri Bernard and inaugurated in December 1963 by then President Charles de Gaulle. Aside from the central services of Radio France and the services and studios of several of its channels, the building houses the Musée de Radio France, a museum of radio, television, and their recording techniques.
[edit] References
- Information from Geoff Hare, Newcastle University
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Radio France (French)
- Radio France Streaming Online (French)
- Radio France
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