R10 (New York City Subway car)
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The R10 was a New York City Subway car built by American Car and Foundry Company in 1948–1949, Unit Numbers: 1803-1852 and 3000-3349. They were renumbered 2950-3349 in 1970. The R10 mostly served on the IND division routes throughout their lives, including when best known and in particular on the IND A route, where they were most prominently seen.
While they may have been considered as the worst operating revenue service car during the 1980s, many of the R10 cars were durable. Amazingly, they had outlasted the newer car fleets purchased and built afterward under the R11 through R22 contracts.
The R10 introduced many new innovations, including "SMEE" electrodynamic braking, which reduced wear and tear on the brake treads which in turn reduced maintenance costs, and improved propulsion, in the form of four 100 horsepower traction motors instead of the traditional two 190 hp motors which were used in the R1-R9 car contracts. This improved acceleration from 1.75 mph/ps to the current 2.5 mph/ps.
For the first time, the car body was of an all-welded low-alloy high strength (LAHT) construction. The body and underframe were welded together to form a single, durable and rigid car body which had strong structural integrity.
- Paint Schemes: The R10's various paint schemes were as follows: two-tone grey/orange (1948-circa 1967); tartar red (1962-circa 1966 on the following cars: 1822 (ren. 2969), 1850 (ren. 2997), 3099, 3101, 3137 and 3342); aqua blue/white with and without blue stripe (1965-circa 1970), silver/blue (circa 1970–1988) and dark green with silver roof and black front hood (1985–1989) on the GOH Westinghouse units only).
- Overhaul: There was a light overhaul program between December 1984 to February 1986 which was an interim measure to get the entire car fleet in a non-graffiti state and await the ultimate arrival and replacement by the R68/R68A's. The rehabilitation of the 110 R10's was done in-house at a budgeted cost of $65,000 per car.
- Scrapping: The last R10 car to be removed from MTA New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA) property was 3081, which was the only surviving G.E.-equipped unit in existence. The bulk of the scrapping of the remaining R10 cars ended in June 1990.
- Car 3189 had an experimental 3-passenger transverse fiberglass interior seating installed in 1969. The unit was retired from revenue service in 1984, but was later repainted solid blue and used as a Road Car Inspector (R.C.I.) School Training Car at MTA NYC Transit Authority's (NYCTA) Pitkin Yard in Brooklyn. This car was on display at the New York Transit Museum in Brooklyn, in placed temporarily by July 19, 2007 for a one month period only, but it will later be preserved and restored as part of its collection of vintage subway cars.
- Car 3192 had a new R42 type front installed on that car in early 1975 to be the prototype car for an overhaul complete rebuilding of the fleet to be done with modern interiors and air-conditioning. The unit was scrapped in 1980 inside Coney Island Yard and the rebuilding never took place.[1]
- First Date of Revenue Service: November 20, 1948, on the IND A route.
- Last Regularly Scheduled Service: September 8, 1989, on the IND C route.
- The R10's were replaced by the R68/R68A's.
- Final Farewell Excursion Run: October 29, 1989, with cars 3018-3203-3182-2974-3143-3045-3145-3216 on various IND-BMT Division routes.
- Restored Museum Car: 3184 was on display at the New York Transit Museum in Brooklyn, along with car 3189, in placed temporarily by July 19, 2007 for a one month period only (discussed above).
[edit] R-10 Specifications
- Car Builder: American Car and Foundry
- Car Body: LAHT carbon steel
- Unit Numbers: 1803-1852 and 3000-3349. By 1970, they were renumbered 2950-3349.
- Fleet: originally 400 cars
- Car Length: 60 feet, 21⁄2 inches (18.35 m)
- Car Width: 10 feet (3.05 m)
- Car Height: 12 feet, 15⁄8 inches (3.70 m)
- Track Gauge: 4 feet, 81⁄2 inches (1435 mm)
- Propulsion System: Westinghouse (WH) 1447-A, General Electric (GE) 1240A3 DC Motors
- Power: 100 horsepower (75 kW) 4 per car
- Brakes: WABCO SMEE Braking System
- Compressor: WABCO A-1 unit, 3YC compressor
- Side Door Engines: Electro-pneumatic design
- Car Interior Fans: General Electric (GE) 12 inch-diameter, twin bracket fans, 8 per car
- Total Weight: 81,200 lb (36,832 kg)
- Total Seats: 56
- Price per car (new, 1948): USD$77,319
[edit] References
- Sansone, Gene. Evolution of New York City subways: An illustrated history of New York City's transit cars, 1867-1997. New York Transit Museum Press, New York, 1997 ISBN 978-0963749284
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