User:Qang/Ilya
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Letter | Name | Meaning | Transliteration | Corresponding letter in | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hebrew | Arabic | Greek | Latin | Cyrillic | ||||
ʼāleph | ox | ? | א | ﺍ | Αα | Aa | Аа | |
bēth | house | b | ב | ﺏ | Ββ | Bb | Бб, Вв | |
gīmel | camel | g | ג | ﺝ | Γγ | Cc, Gg | Гг | |
dāleth | door | d | ד | ﺩ | Δδ | Dd | Дд | |
hē | window | h | ה | ﮬ | Εε | Ee | Ее, Єє | |
wāw | hook | w / u | ו | ﻭ | (Ϝϝ), Υυ | Ff, Uu, Vv, Ww, Yy | Уу | |
zayin | weapon | z | ז | ﺯ | Ζζ | Zz | Зз | |
ḥēth | fence | x / X | ח | ﺡ | Ηη | Hh | Ии | |
ṭēth | wheel | t` | ט | ﻁ | Θθ | Фф | ||
yōdh | arm | i / j | י | ﻱ | Ιι | Ii, Jj | Іі | |
kaph | palm | k | כ | ﻙ | Κκ | Kk | Кк | |
lāmedh | goad | l | ל | ﻝ | Λλ | Ll | Лл | |
mēm | water | m | מ | ﻡ | Μμ | Mm | Мм | |
nun | fish | n | נ | ﻥ | Νν | Nn | Нн | |
sāmekh | fish | s | ס | س | Ξξ, Χχ | Xx | Хх | |
ʿayin | eye | ?\ | ע | ﻉ | Οο | Oo | Оо | |
pē | mouth | p / f | פ | ﻑ | Ππ | Pp | Пп | |
ṣādē | papyrus plant | s` | צ | ﺹ | (Ϡϡ) | Цц, Чч | ||
qōph | monkey | q | ק | ﻕ | (Ϙϙ) | |||
rēš | head | r | ר | ﺭ | Ρρ | Rr | Рр | |
šin | tooth | S | ש | ش | Σσ | Ss | Сс, Шш | |
tāw | mark | t | ת | ﺕ | Ττ | Tt | Тт |
[edit] chart 2
nr. | Proto-Canaanite | IPA | value | Ugaritic | Phoenician | Hebrew | Arabic | other descendants |
1 | ʼalp "ox" | /ʔ/ | 1 | 𐎀 ʼalpa | ʼālep | א | ﺍ | Α A А ᚨ |
2 | bet "house" | /b/ | 2 | 𐎁 beta | bēt | ב | ﺏ | Β B В-Б ᛒ |
3 | gaml "throwstick" | /g/ | 3 | 𐎂 gamla | gīmel | ג | ﺝ | Γ C-G Г ᚲ |
4 | dalet "door" / digg "fish" | /d/ | 4 | 𐎄 delta | dālet | ד | ﺩ | Δ D Д |
5 | haw "window" / hll "jubilation" | /h/ | 5 | 𐎅 ho | hē | ה | هـ | Ε E Е-Є |
6 | wāw "hook" | /β/ | 6 | 𐎆 wo | wāw | ו | و | Ϝ-Υ F-V-Y У ᚢ |
7 | zen "weapon" / ziqq "manacle" | /z/ | 7 | 𐎇 zeta | zayin | ז | ز | Ζ Z З |
8 | ḥet "thread" / "fence"? | /ħ/ / /x/ | 8 | 𐎈 ḥota | ḥēt | ח | ح | Η H И ᚺ |
9 | ṭēt "wheel" | /tˁ/ | 9 | 𐎉 ṭet | ṭēt | ט | ط | Θ Ѳ |
10 | yad "arm" | /j/ | 10 | 𐎊 yod | yōd | י | ي | Ι I ᛁ |
11 | kap "hand" | /k/ | 20 | 𐎋 kap | kap | כ | ك | Κ K К |
12 | lamd "goad" | /l/ | 30 | 𐎍 lamda | lāmed | ל | ل | Λ L Л ᛚ |
13 | mem "water" | /m/ | 40 | 𐎎 mem | mēm | מ | م | Μ M М |
14 | naḥš "snake" / nun "fish" | /n/ | 50 | 𐎐 nun | nun | נ | ن | Ν N Н |
15 | samek "support" / "fish" ? | /s/ | 60 | 𐎒 samka | sāmek | ס | - | Ξ |
16 | ʻen "eye" | /ʕ/ | 70 | 𐎓 ʻain | ʻayin | ע | ع | Ο O О |
17 | pu "mouth" / piʼt "corner" | /p/ | 80 | 𐎔 pu | pē | פ | ف | Π P П |
18 | ṣad "plant" | /sˁ/ | 90 | 𐎕 ṣade | ṣādē | צ | ص | Ϡ |
19 | qup "cord"? | /kˁ/ | 100 | 𐎖 qopa | qōph | ק | ق | Ϙ Q Ҁ |
20 | raʼs "head" | /r/ / /ɾ/ | 200 | 𐎗 raša | rēš | ר | ر | Ρ R Р ᚱ |
21 | šin "tooth" / šimš "sun" | /ʃ/ | 300 | 𐎌 šin | šin | ש | س | Σ S Ш ᛊ |
22 | taw "mark" | /t/ | 400 | 𐎚 to | tāw | ת | ت | Τ T Т ᛏ |
[edit] Chart 3
Proto-Semitic | Akkadian | Arabic | Phoenician | Hebrew | Modern Hebrew | Aramaic | Ge'ez | Modern South Arabian | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b | b | ب | b | b | ב | ḇ/b | /v/, /b/ | ב | ḇ/b | በ | b | /b/ | |
p | p | ف | f | p | פ | p̄/p | /f/, /p/ | פ | p̄/p | ፈ | f | /f/ | |
ḏ [ð] | z | ذ | ḏ [ð] | z | ז | z | /z/ | ד | ḏ/d | ዘ | z | /ð/ | |
ṯ [θ] | š | ث | ṯ [θ] | š | שׁ | š | /ʃ/ | ת | ṯ/t | ሰ | s | /θ/ | |
ṯ̣ [θʼ] | ṣ | ظ | ẓ [ðˁ] | ṣ | צ | ṣ | /ts/ | ט | ṭ | ጸ | ṣ | /θˁ/ | |
d | d | د | d | d | ד | ḏ/d | /d/ | ד | ḏ/d | ደ | d | /d/ | |
t | t | ت | t | t | ת | ṯ/t | /t/ | ת | ṯ/t | ተ | t | /t/ | |
ṭ [tˁ] | ṭ | ط | ṭ [tˁ] | ṭ | ט | ṭ | /t/ | ט | ṭ | ጠ | ṭ | /tˁ/ | |
š [ʃ] | š | س | s | š | שׁ | š | /ʃ/ | שׁ | š | ሰ | s | /ʃ/, /h/ | |
z | z | ز | z | z | ז | z | /z/ | ז | z | ዘ | z | /z/ | |
s | s | س | s | s | ס | s | /s/ | ס | s | ሰ | s | /s/ | |
ṣ [sˁ] | ṣ | ص | ṣ [sˁ] | ṣ | צ | ṣ | /ts/ | צ | ṣ | ጸ | ṣ | /sˁ/ | |
l | l | ل | l | l | ל | l | /l/ | ל | l | ለ | l | /l/ | |
ś [ɬ] | š | ش | š [ʃ] | š | שׂ | s | /s/ | שׂ | s | ሠ | ś | /ɬ/ | |
ṣ́ [ɬˁ] | ṣ | ض | ḍ [ɮˁ]→[dˁ] | ṣ | צ | ṣ | /ts/ | ע | ʻ | ፀ | ṣ́ | /ɬˁ/ | |
g [ɡ] | g | ج | ǧ [ɡʲ]→[ʤ] | g | ג | ḡ/g | /ɡ/ | ג | ḡ/g | ገ | g | /ɡ/ | |
k | k | ك | k | k | כ | ḵ/k | /χ/, /k/ | כ | ḵ/k | ከ | k | /k/ | |
ḳ [kˁ] | q | ق | q | q | ק | q | /k/ | ק | q | ቀ | ḳ | /q/ | |
ġ [ɣ] | - | غ | ġ [ɣ] | ʻ | ע | ʻ | /ʔ/, - | ע | ʻ | ዐ | ʻ | /ɣ/ | |
ḫ [x] | ḫ | خ | ḫ [x] | ḥ | ח | ḥ | /χ/ | ח | ḥ | ኀ | ḫ | /x/ | |
ʻ [ʕ] | - | ع | ʻ [ʕ] | ʻ | ע | ʻ | /ʔ/, - | ע | ʻ | ዐ | ʻ | /ʕ/ | |
ḥ [ħ] | - | ح | ḥ [ħ] | ḥ | ח | ḥ | /χ/ | ח | ḥ | ሐ | ḥ | /ħ/ | |
ʼ [ʔ] | - | ء | ʼ [ʔ] | ʼ | א | ʼ | /ʔ/, - | א | ʼ | አ | ʼ | /ʔ/ | |
h | - | ه | h | h | ה | h | /h/, - | ה | h | ሀ | h | /h/ | |
m | m | م | m | m | מ | m | /m/ | מ | m | መ | m | /m/ | |
n | n | ن | n | n | נ | n | /n/ | נ ר |
n r |
ነ | n | /n/ | |
r | r | ر | r | r | ר | r | /ʁ/ | ר | r | ረ | r | /r/ | |
w | w | و | w | w y |
ו י |
w y |
/v/ /j/ |
ו י |
w y |
ወ | w | /w/ | |
y [j] | y | ي | y [j] | y | י | y | /j/ | י | y | የ | y | /j/ | |
Proto-Semitic | Akkadian | Arabic | Phoenician | Hebrew | Modern Hebrew | Aramaic | Ge'ez | Modern South Arabian |