PTGES

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Prostaglandin E synthase

Identifiers

PTGES; MGC10317; MGST-IV; MGST1-L1; MGST1L1; PGES; PIG12; PP102; PP1294; TP53I12

External IDs

OMIM: 605172 MGI: 1927593 HomoloGene: 3587

Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• isomerase activity • prostaglandin-E synthase activity
Cellular Component:	• membrane fraction • nuclear envelope lumen • cytoplasm • microsome • membrane • integral to membrane
Biological Process:	• prostaglandin metabolic process • signal transduction • antimicrobial humoral response

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

Refseq

NM_004878 (mRNA)
NP_004869 (protein)

NM_022415 (mRNA)
NP_071860 (protein)

Location

Chr 9: 131.54 - 131.56 Mb

Chr 2: 30.71 - 30.73 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

Prostaglandin E synthase, also known as PTGES, is a human gene.^[1]

The protein encoded by this gene is a glutathione-dependent prostaglandin E synthase. The expression of this gene has been shown to be induced by proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1 beta (IL1B). Its expression can also be induced by tumor suppressor protein TP53, and may be involved in TP53 induced apoptosis. Knockout studies in mice suggest that this gene may contribute to the pathogenesis of collagen-induced arthritis and mediate acute pain during inflammatory responses.^[1]

[edit] See also

Prostaglandin E synthase

[edit] References

^ ^a ^b Entrez Gene: PTGES prostaglandin E synthase.

[edit] Further reading

Bastien L, Sawyer N, Grygorczyk R, et al. (1994). "Cloning, functional expression, and characterization of the human prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype.". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (16): 11873–7. PMID 8163486.
Funk CD, Furci L, FitzGerald GA, et al. (1994). "Cloning and expression of a cDNA for the human prostaglandin E receptor EP1 subtype.". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (35): 26767–72. PMID 8253813.
Polyak K, Xia Y, Zweier JL, et al. (1997). "A model for p53-induced apoptosis.". Nature 389 (6648): 300–5. doi:10.1038/38525. PMID 9305847.
Giacomini E, Giordani L, di Modugno F, et al. (1998). "Increased PGE2 production mediates the in vitro inhibitory effect of the human immunodeficiency virus P24 immunosuppressive heptapeptide Ch7.". Scand. J. Immunol. 48 (3): 248–53. PMID 9743208.
Jakobsson PJ, Morgenstern R, Mancini J, et al. (1999). "Common structural features of MAPEG -- a widespread superfamily of membrane associated proteins with highly divergent functions in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism.". Protein Sci. 8 (3): 689–92. PMID 10091672.
Jakobsson PJ, Thorén S, Morgenstern R, Samuelsson B (1999). "Identification of human prostaglandin E synthase: a microsomal, glutathione-dependent, inducible enzyme, constituting a potential novel drug target.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (13): 7220–5. PMID 10377395.
Forsberg L, Leeb L, Thorén S, et al. (2000). "Human glutathione dependent prostaglandin E synthase: gene structure and regulation.". FEBS Lett. 471 (1): 78–82. PMID 10760517.
Han R, Smith TJ (2002). "Cytoplasmic prostaglandin E2 synthase is dominantly expressed in cultured KAT-50 thyrocytes, cells that express constitutive prostaglandin-endoperoxide H synthase-2. Basis for low protaglandin E2 production.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (39): 36897–903. doi:10.1074/jbc.M206949200. PMID 12145315.
Giannoulias D, Alfaidy N, Holloway AC, et al. (2002). "Expression of prostaglandin I(2) synthase, but not prostaglandin E synthase, changes in myometrium of women at term pregnancy.". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87 (11): 5274–82. PMID 12414902.
Ouellet M, Falgueyret JP, Ear PH, et al. (2003). "Purification and characterization of recombinant microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1.". Protein Expr. Purif. 26 (3): 489–95. PMID 12460774.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.
Uracz W, Uracz D, Olszanecki R, Gryglewski RJ (2003). "Interleukin 1beta induces functional prostaglandin E synthase in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells.". J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 53 (4 Pt 1): 643–54. PMID 12512699.
Meadows JW, Eis AL, Brockman DE, Myatt L (2003). "Expression and localization of prostaglandin E synthase isoforms in human fetal membranes in term and preterm labor.". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88 (1): 433–9. PMID 12519887.
Kamei D, Murakami M, Nakatani Y, et al. (2003). "Potential role of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 in tumorigenesis.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (21): 19396–405. doi:10.1074/jbc.M213290200. PMID 12626523.
Jakobsson PJ, Thorén S, Morgenstern R, Samuelsson B (2003). "Characterization of microsomal, glutathione dependent prostaglandin E synthase.". Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 507: 287–91. PMID 12664599.
Thorén S, Weinander R, Saha S, et al. (2003). "Human microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1: purification, functional characterization, and projection structure determination.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (25): 22199–209. doi:10.1074/jbc.M303227200. PMID 12672824.
Alfaidy N, Sun M, Challis JR, Gibb W (2003). "Expression of membrane prostaglandin E synthase in human placenta and fetal membranes and effect of labor.". Endocrine 20 (3): 219–25. PMID 12721500.
Ekström L, Lyrenäs L, Jakobsson PJ, et al. (2003). "Basal expression of the human MAPEG members microsomal glutathione transferase 1 and prostaglandin E synthase genes is mediated by Sp1 and Sp3.". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1627 (2-3): 79–84. PMID 12818425.
Murakami M, Nakashima K, Kamei D, et al. (2003). "Cellular prostaglandin E2 production by membrane-bound prostaglandin E synthase-2 via both cyclooxygenases-1 and -2.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (39): 37937–47. doi:10.1074/jbc.M305108200. PMID 12835322.
Trebino CE, Stock JL, Gibbons CP, et al. (2003). "Impaired inflammatory and pain responses in mice lacking an inducible prostaglandin E synthase.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (15): 9044–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.1332766100. PMID 12835414.