Pterygoplichthys gibbiceps
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| Pterygoplichthys gibbiceps Kner (1854) |
Pterygoplichthys gibbiceps[1] is a species of freshwater fish of the genus Pterygoplichthys of the family Loricariidae of order Siluriformes. This species is found throughout river basins in the Amazon region of South America.
P. gibbiceps shows all the characteristic features of its genus - a large dorsal fin with more than nine rays, prominent nasal flares and a prominent hump or crest anterior to the dorsal fin as well as a substantial base to the dorsal fin. Adult fish easily attain 20cm in length and can live for more than 20 years.
A typical plec shape is shown, patternation consists of primarily irregular largish brown spots on a yellowish backgroung giving a honeycombed like appearance, additional pattern features common to related species may be visible on close inspection. As this fish grows the spots get relatively smaller.
Like most plecs this species is primarily vegetarian though will eat dead animals.
In the wild these fish are found in shoals in sluggish rivers of the Amazon and Orinoco river systems, they also occupy flooded land during the wet season. During the dry season P. gibbiceps will aestivate in burrows around 1 metre long dug into mud banks along the length of a river, egg rearing is also presumed to take place in burrow.
The species name comes from the Latin 'gibbus' - hump and Greek 'Cep' - head, a reference to the centrally located ridge. Common names include 'gibbys', leopard sailfin catfish and clown plecs - the juveniles have a comical appearance due to the large and obvious spots.
Ancistrus gibbiceps and Glyptoperichthys gibbiceps are synonyms of P. gibbiceps.
[edit] In the aquarium
This fish is extremely popular in the aquarium, due to its unusual appearance and its ability to eat algae; the bane of all aquarists. This and other related species are bred in ponds in tropical regions for the aquarium trade. In general P. gibbiceps is peaceful towards other fish though territorial disputes arise with other plecos. Though not nocturnal they are more active at night and will spend daylight hours 'hiding' in a secluded location. Wood appears to be an essential part of this species diet - possibly as a digestive aid rather than for any nutritional value. As the fish grows big (up to 50cm in the aquarium) a large tank with good filtration is required, in general these fish are tolerant to a wide range of freshwater conditions though prefer well aerated water.[2][3]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ "glyptoperichthys gibbiceps". FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 03 2006 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2006.
- ^ Pterygolichthys gibbiceps (factsheet). scotcat.com.
- ^ Glyptoperichthys gibbiceps (fish information sheet). wetpetz.com.
