Project 664 class torpedo boat

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ORP Sprawny in the 1980s
ORP Sprawny in the 1980s

The project 664 (NATO reporting name Wisla) class were the Polish torpedo boats, designed in Poland in the 1970s. They were ones of few vessels of this size, powered by a gas turbine, and could achieve a great speed.

Contents

[edit] Development:

In the late 1950s the Polish Navy decided to develop fast torpedo boats of own design, to supplement Soviet-origin project 183 (P-6) class torpedo boats. It was decided to use a gas turbine for propulsion and arm them with four torpedo tubes. Due to lack of previous experience in designing such craft, development was very long. In order to test the technology, a single experimental project 663D torpedo boat was built, ORP Błyskawiczny. Her building started in 1961 and she entered service in 1965. Trials revealed some faults, and further development work was carried out. The result were the boats of the final project 664. They shared a similar silhouette, hull shape and a propulsion fit of 4 diesel and a TM-1 gas turbine engine in a CODAG arrangement. The gas turbine itself was an adaptation of a licence-built Klimov VK-1 aircraft jet engine. The gas turbine being used at speeds above 12 knots.

From 1968, eight boats were built in Stocznia Północna (Northern Shipyard) in Gdańsk. They were given numbers from KTD-452 to KTD-459 (an abbreviation of kuter torpedowy duży - "torpedo boat, large") and names.

[edit] Service

The boats entered service in the Polish Navy in 1971-1972, and were assigned to the 3rd Navy Flotilla (along with ORP Błyskawiczny).

The design was overall not successful. First of all, the hulls, made of hydronalium (aluminium alloy), had limited durability, especially when sailing at high speed on a rough sea, resulting in cracks. Propulsion was also not optimal, the gas turbine was not fuel efficient limiting range, and there were problems with the gearing of paired engines. The boats were very compact, and were not comfortable for the crews, being cramped, noisy and prone to vibration. Their advantage of very high top speed, was however limited by sea conditions.

Due to service problems and wear, project 664 class boats were relatively quickly phased out in the 1980s, after only 9 to 14 years of service.

ORP Odważny in the White Eagle Museum in Skarżysko-Kamienna
ORP Odważny in the White Eagle Museum in Skarżysko-Kamienna

The only one preserved was ORP Odważny - in 1990 it was given to the White Eagle Museum in Skarżysko-Kamienna. Its original twin 30 mm AK-230 gun is however replaced with twin 25 mm 2M-3M gun.

[edit] Specifications

  • Length: 24.76 m
  • Beam: 7.79 m
  • Draft: 1.61 m
  • Displacement: 94 t standard, 128 t full
  • Propulsion:
    • 4 M-50F3 diesel engines, 1200PS each and 1 TM-1 gas turbine, 5132 PS sustained power, 7200 PS max power, in CODAG arrangement
    • 4 propeller shafts
    • Range:410 nm at 16 kts
    • Speed:49.28 kts max, 43 kts max sustained, 28 kts travel
  • Sensors
    • MR-102 surveillance and torpedo fire control radar
  • Armament:
  • Complement:
    • 20 officers and enlisted

[edit] List of boats

Number Name Laid Launched Com-
missioned		 Decom-
missioned
KTD-452 ORP Bitny 15. 08. 1968 15. 09. 1969 20. 1. 1972 31. 1. 1986
KTD-453 ORP Bystry 20. 2. 1969 29. 3. 1970 20. 1. 1972 31. 12. 1983
KTD-454 ORP Dzielny 15. 12. 1969 20. 10. 1970 22. 7. 1972 31. 12. 1981
KTD-455 ORP Dziarski 16. 6. 1970 30. 11. 1971 20. 10. 1972 31. 12. 1984
KTD-456 ORP Sprawny 23. 11. 1970 29. 5. 1972 13. 1. 1973 15. 11. 1986
KTD-457 ORP Szybki 16. 12. 1971 29. 9. 1972 28. 4. 1973 31. 8. 1984
KTD-458 ORP Odważny 7. 4. 1972 21. 2. 1973 15. 9. 1973 31. 1. 1986
KTD-459 ORP Odporny 8. 8. 1972 31. 5. 1973 17. 11. 1973 15. 11. 1986

[edit] References

  • Teodor Makowski, Robert Rochowicz: Polskie kutry torpedowe - jednostki seryjne in: Morze, Statki i Okręty nr 2/2006 (Polish language)
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