Prison Saint-Lazare
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The Prison Saint-Lazare was a prison in the Xe arrondissement of Paris, France.
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[edit] History
Originally a leper hospital founded on the road from Paris to Saint-Denis at the boundary of the marshy area of former Seine river bank in the 12th century, it was ceded on 7 January 1632 to Vincent de Paul and the congrégation de la Mission. The maison Saint-Lazare was situated in the enclos Saint-Lazare, the largest enclosure in Paris until the end of the 18th century, between the rue de Paradis to its south, the rue du Faubourg-Saint-Denis to its east, the boulevard de la Chapelle to its north and the rue du Faubourg-Poissonnière to its west. (48°52′32″N 02°21′16″E / 48.87556, 2.35444) Its site is now marked by Saint-Vincent-de-Paul church.
The building was converted to a prison at the time of the Reign of Terror in 1793, then a women's prison (1896), its landed having been seized and re-alloted little by little since the Revolution. It was largely demolished in 1935, with the Assistance publique - hôpitaux de Paris installing itself in the remaining buildings, where they remained until recently. Only the prison infirmary and chapel (built by Louis-Pierre Baltard in 1834) remain of the prison, with the latter to be seen in the square Alban-Satragne (107, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Denis) in the 10e arrondissement. The surviving remains of the Saint-Lazare prison were inscribed on the supplementary inventory of historic monuments in November 2005.[1].
A song by Aristide Bruant entitled À Saint-Lazare is named after the prison.
[edit] Famous prisoners
[edit] Pre-Revolution
- François-Joseph Bélanger, architect
- André Chénier, poet
- Hubert Robert, painter
- marquis de Sade, writer and libertine
- Joseph-Benoît Suvée, painter
- Charles-Louis Trudaine, conseiller au Parlement
- Jean-Antoine Roucher, receveur des gabelles, poet, portrayed several times by Hubert Robert
- Thomas de Treil de Pardailhan, former baron and député for Paris in the Legislative Assembly
[edit] Post-Revolution
- Louise Michel, communard
- Mata Hari, spy
[edit] Sources
- Jacques Hillairet, Gibets, Piloris et Cachots du vieux Paris, éditions de Minuit, Paris, 1956 (ISBN 2707312754).
- (French) Appel des dernières victimes de la terreur à la prison Saint-Lazare à Paris les 7-9 Thermidor an II by Charles-Louis Muller (1815-1892), tableau conserved at the Musée national du château de Versailles.
[edit] Notes
- ^ ARRETE N° 2005 - 2347 portant inscription au titre des monuments historiques de l'ensemble des bâtiments dus à l'architecte Louis-Pierre Baltard : les façades et toitures de l'ancienne infirmerie, le sol de la cour et la totalité de la chapelle de l'ancienne prison, devenue Hôpital Saint-Lazare, sis 1 à 5 square Alban-Satragne et 107 rue du Faubourg-Saint-Denis à PARIS (l0ème) ; situés sur la parcelle n° 48 d'une contenance de 1 ha 03 a 12 ca, figurant au cadastre section AP et appartenant à la Ville de Paris.
CONSIDERANT que les bâtiments subsistants de l'ancienne prison Saint-Lazare constituent l'un des rares exemples parisiens d'architecture néo-classique construits par Louis-Pierre Baltard et qu'à ce titre ils présentent un intérêt d'art et d'histoire suffisant pour en rendre désirable la préservation et les classer au titre de monuments historiques.
