Principality of Khachen
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The Principality of Khachen (Armenian: Խաչենի իշխանություն) was a medieval Armenian[1][2][3][4] principality, in part of historical Artsakh (present-day Nagorno-Karabakh).[5] The marches of Artsakh and Utik were attached to the Kingdom of Armenia in Antiquity but in the early medieval period were often under Georgian and Albanian control under Sassanid or Arab suzerainty.[6] From the twelfth century the Armenian Khachen principality dominated the region.[6] The Byzantine emperor Constantine VII addressed his letters to the prince of Khachen with the inscription "To Prince of Khachen, Armenia."[7]
According to Abū Dulaf, an Arab traveller of the time, Khachen was an Armenian principality immediately south of Barda'a.[8] The Armenian princely family of Hasan Jalalyan began ruling much of Khachen and Artsakh in 1214.[9][10][11] In 1216, the Jalalyans founded the Gandzasar monastery which became the seat of a local Catholicos forced to Khachen from Partav (Barda) by the steady Islamization of the city.[6] The Khamsa (The Five) principalities maintained Armenian autonomy in the region throughout the Persian-Ottoman Wars and Turkic migrations.[6] In 1603 the Persians established a protectorate over the Khamsa and sponsored the establishment of a local khanate in 1750.[6]
[edit] References
- ^ Howorth, Henry Hoyle(1876) History of the Mongols: From the 9th to the 19th CenturyLongmans, Green, and Co. p. 14
- ^ Russian scolar V. Shnirelman: "Khachen was a Middle Ages Armenian feodalist principality in the territory of modern Karabakh, which played a significant role in the political history of Armenia and all the region at X-XVI centuries". // В.А. Шнирельман, Албанский миф, 2006, Библиотека «Вeхи»
- ^ Russian scolar Smirnova L. P.:"Armenian principality of Khachen in Karabakh" //Аджаиб ад-дунья. Чудеса мира, ред. Смирнова Л.П., М. Наука. 1993
- ^ "Armenian Khachen", http://www.vostlit.info/Texts/rus8/Dulaf/text/primtext.phtml Абу Дулаф. Вторая записка. Ред. Беляев В., М., Наука. 1960 (Комментарии), in Russian
- ^ The New Encyclopedia Britannica by Robert MacHenry, Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc, Robert MacHenry, (1993) p.761
- ^ a b c d e Parry, Ken; David J. Melling, Dimitry Brady, Sidney H. Griffith, John F. Healey (December 5, 2001). The Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity. Wiley-Blackwell, 335-336. ISBN 0631232036.
- ^ Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus, De ceremoniis aubae byzantinae (Ed. J.P.Migne. Patrologiae cursiis completus, Series Graeco-Latina, 112), p. 248
- ^ Abū-Dulaf. Abū-Dulaf Misʻar Ibn Muhalhil's Travels in Iran (circa A.D. 950), Cairo University Press, 1955, p. 74
- ^ de Waal, Thomas (2003). Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War. New York: New York University Press, p. 287. ISBN 0-8147-1945-7.
- ^ Hacikyan, Agop Jack; Gabriel. Basmajian, Edward S. Franchuk (2002). The Heritage of Armenian Literature: From the Sixth to the Eighteenth Century. Wayne State University Press, p. 470. ISBN 0814330231.
- ^ Cornell, Svante E. (2001). Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus. Routledge (UK), p. 66.. ISBN ISBN 0700711627.
