Primorsk, Leningrad Oblast
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Primorsk (Russian: Примо́рск; Finnish: Koivisto; Swedish: Björkö[1]) is a coastal town in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, and the largest Russian port on the Baltic. It is located on the Karelian Isthmus, 137 kilometers (85 mi) west of Saint Petersburg, at the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland, near Birch Islands, protected as a sea bird sanctuary. Population: 5,500 (2005 est.);[citation needed] 5,332 (2002 Census);[2] 6,637 (1989 Census).[3]
Primorsk was first attested in Russian chronicles as Beryozovskoe (Берёзовское, lit. birch village) in 1268, when the German merchants from Gotland petitioned the Novgorod Republic to secure their passage to the Neva River.[4] Swedes annexed the region during the Third Swedish Crusade. The Russians retook the islands at the close of the Great Northern War in 1721. Thereupon the city shared the fate of the Karelian Isthmus.
Primorsk evolved in the 20th century as an outport for the town of Vyborg. It is the site of the largest Baltic Sea oil terminal. It was developed by the Putin administration as a terminus of the Baltic Pipeline System at a cost of two billion US dollars. The terminal started to operate in December 2001, supplanting Ventspils and other foreign rivals within one year.[1]
[edit] Primorsk Oil Port
| Crude oil export through Primorsk, September 2006[5] | 5,863,000 t (ranked 1st in Russia) |
| Key charterers from Primorsk, September 2006 | |
| Gunvor | 29% |
| Litasco | 17% |
| Neste | 10% |
| Petrovit | 10% |
| Glencore | 7% |
| Stasco | 5% |
| other | 22% |
| Key owners chartered from Primorsk, September 2006 | |
| Heidenreich | 14% |
| Neste | 14% |
| Marmaras | 10% |
| Minerva | 10% |
| Eiger | 7% |
| Stena Bulk | 7% |
| Teekay | 7% |
| Sibneft | 5% |
| other | 26% |
[edit] References
- ^ Björkö names and Bjarkey law. See also article on Bjarkey laws for the name's probable connection to old Scandinavian trade legislation.
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000) (Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved on 2007-12-13.
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.) (Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics (1989). Retrieved on 2007-12-13.
- ^ Official website of Primorsk.
- ^ Fearnleys Russia. Russian tanker market monthly. 27 October 2006.
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