Posterior Hau Lý Nam Đế

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History of Vietnam

Hồng Bàng Dynasty

Thục Dynasty (257–207 BCE)

First Chinese domination (207 BCE–39 CE)
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• Lady Triệu's Rebellion (248)

Anterior Lý Dynasty and Triệu Việt Vương (544–602)

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Prior Lê Dynasty (980–1009)

Lý Dynasty (1009–1225)

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• Posterior Trần Dynasty (1407–1413)
• Lam Sơn Rebellion (1418–1427)

Later Lê Dynasty (1428–1788)
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• Restored Lê (1533–1788)	Mạc Dynasty (1527–1592)
	Trịnh-Nguyễn War (1627–1673)

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Socialist Republic of Vietnam (from 1976)

Other Topics
• Kingdom of Champa (2nd-century–1471)
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Posterior Hau Lý Nam Đế is the period of reign (571 - 602) of Lý Nam Đế II (born Lý Phật Tử, c. 518 - 606), the last emperor of the Early Lý Dynasty, Vietnam, founded by his cousin Lý Nam Đế.

[edit] Clash with Triệu Việt Vương

Lý Phật Tử and Triệu Việt Vương had a peace agreement in place; however, Lý Phật Tử had ambitions to defeat his rival Triệu Quang Phục and took claim to the rest of the territory. Around 570, Lý Phật Tử amassed an army and overran Long Biên, a territory that belonged to Triệu Việt Vương, and seized it. Triệu Việt Vương was caught by surprise and defeated, he retreated to the river Đại Nha (now in the Nam Định province of northern Vietnam) where he killed himself. Lý Phật Tử then proclaimed himself Lý Nam Đế II and went on to rule Vạn Xuân (Vietnam) as an independent state for the next 32 years.

[edit] Fall of Lý Nam Đế and the 3rd Chinese domination

In 602, the new Sui Dynasty emerged as the sole power in China. China was unified again under the new Dynasty that defeated the Liang Dynasty around 601 and re-established authority and power in China. The new Chinese Emperor Sui Wendi (Tùy Văn Đế in Vietnamese) sent a 120,000-man army to the South to subjugate and re-claim Nanyue (Nam Việt in Vietnamese) and invade Vạn Xuân like their dynastic predecessors. Lý Nam Đế II realized his state would not be strong enough to engage a major conflict with their northern rival. At the same time, Lý Nam Đế II also received enormous pressures from his ruling administration to avoid major head-on confrontation with the emerging Sui Dynasty. In the winter of 602, the Sui force marched on Vạn Xuân, Lý Nam Đế II controversially decided to abdicate his throne in exchange for peace and political stability in the region.

The Sui dynasty lasted only until 618 AD. It was replaced by the more powerful Tang Dynasty (nhà Đường in Vietnamese) begun by Tang Gaozu. Under the Tang Dynasty, China reached its climax in terms of culture, civilization and military might.

For the next 300 years, China dominated Vạn Xuân (Vietnam) until Ngô Quyền drove out the Chinese and successfully regained independence in 939.

[edit] Aftermath of Anterior Lý Dynasty

The Anterior Lý dynasty, although subjugated, proved that it was capable of independence and self-rule. Through its 60+ years of rebellion and defiance, the spirit of the Nanyue people was lively, full of vigor and vitality. = When China began showing signs of weakness and disunity, the national sentiment in the Nanyue region was awakened. The southern people seized the opportunity to slip from under the Chinese rule.