Porsche 964
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Porsche 964 | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Manufacturer | Porsche |
| Also called | Porsche 911 Porsche Carrera |
| Production | 1989–1993 62,172 built |
| Predecessor | Porsche 911 |
| Successor | Porsche 993 |
| Class | Sports car |
| Body style(s) | 2-door Coupe 2-door Convertible 2-door Targa |
| Layout | RR layout |
| Engine(s) | 3.6 L flat-6 3.8 L flat-6 |
The Porsche 964 is the company's internal name for the version of the Porsche 911 model manufactured and sold between 1989 and 1993. It featured significant styling revisions over previous versions of the 911, most prominently the more integrated bumpers (fenders), although it was still obviously a 911. It was the first generation of 911 to be offered with Porsche's optional Tiptronic automatic transmission as well as the first generation to be offered with all wheel drive.
Contents |
[edit] Carrera 4 and 2
The first 964s available in 1989 were AWD equipped "Carrera 4" models, Porsche added the rear wheel drive Carrera 2 variant to the range in 1990. Both variants were available as a coupe, Targa or Cabriolet. The 964 Carrera was the last generation sold with the traditional "pop top" Targa roof. Later evolutions of the Targa, starting with the 993 generation, replaced that setup with a complex glass-roof "greenhouse" system. A new naturally-aspirated engine called the M64 was used for 964 models, with a displacement of 3.6 litres.
[edit] Engine
Engine design: Air/oil cooled, horizontally-opposed, dry-sump lubrication, rear-mounted
Engine displacement: 3600 cc (220 cu in)
Cylinders: Six, light alloy head
Bore and stroke: 3.94 x 3.01
Compression ratio: 11.3 : 1
Fuel/ignition: Electronic fuel injection, DME controller, with twin-spark with knock regulation
Crankshaft: Forged, 8 main bearings, enclosed in light alloy case
Valve Train: Overhead cam, one per bank, double chain drive
Power: 184 kW/247 hp (SAE net)/250 PS (DIN) @ 6100 rpm
Torque: 310 N·m/228 ft·lbf @ 4800 rpm
Engine speed limitation: 6700 ±20 rpm
[edit] Performance
Top speed: 163 mph (261 km/h), 159 mph (256 km/h) (Tiptronic)
0-60 mph: 5.5 s (manual transmission), 6.2 s (Tiptronic)
1/4 mile: 13.6 s (C2), 14.0 s (Tiptronic), 14.1 s (C4)
Co-efficient of drag: 0.32
Fuel consumption approx 24 mpg[vague]
[edit] Selected dimensions/capacities
Curb weight (to DIN 70020): 3,031 lb/1,375 kg (C2); 3,100 lb/1,406 kg (Tiptronic), 3,252 lb (1,475 kg) (C4)
Wheelbase: 89.4 in (2,270 mm)
Overall Length: 168.3 in (4,270 mm)
Width 65.0 in (1,650 mm)
Height: 52.0 in (1,320 mm)
Front Track: 54.3 in (1,380 mm)
Rear Track: 54.1 in (1,370 mm)
Ground Clearance: 4.7 in (US)
Fuel Tank: 20.3 gal (US)
Engine Oil: 20 L (21.1 qt US), oil change volume: 9 L (9.5 qt US)
Transmission Fluid: 3.6 L (3.8 qt US) (C2), 9 L (9.5 qt US (Tiptronic), 3.8 L (4.0 qt US) (C4)
[edit] Carrera RS variants
In 1992, Porsche produced a super-lightweight, rear-wheel-drive only version of the 964 dubbed Carrera RS for the European market. It was based on Porsche's 911 "Carrera Cup" race car and harkened back to the 2.7 and 3.0 RS and RSR models. It featured a revised version of the standard engine, titled M64/03 internally, with an increased power output of 260 bhp (191 kW) and lightweight flywheel coupled to the G50/10 transmission with closer ratios, asymmetrical Limited Slip Differential and steel syncromesh. A track-oriented suspension system with 40 mm (1.6 in) lower ride height, stiffer springs, shocks and adjustable stabilizer bars without power steering (RHD UK cars did have power steering). A stripped-out interior devoid of power windows or seats, rear seats, air conditioning, cruise control, sound deadening or a stereo system (optionally fitted) and new racing-bucket front seats were part of the package. The trunk hood was made of aluminum, the chassis was seam welded and sound deadening was deleted. Wheels were made of magnesium and the glass was thinner in the doors and rear window. The Carrera RS is approximately 345 pounds (155 kg) lighter than the US version Carrera 2 model. Also available were a heavier Touring variant (with sound deadening, power seats (optional), undercarriage protection and power windows) and an N/GT racing variant with a stripped, blank metal interior and a roll cage.
A later ultra-limited production version, the Carrera RS 3.8 featuring the Turbo body and a 300 bhp (220 kW) 3.8 litre version of the M64 motor was sold briefly in Europe.
The Carrera RS was not sold in the USA because Porsche Cars North America felt the car's aggressive tuning was not suited to the American market. In 1992, 45 USA-legal cars that were very similar to the Carrera RS were imported to the USA for a proposed "Porsche Carrera Cup" racing series. This Carrera Cup series was to function as a support race for the American CART racing series just as European Carrera Cup has supported Formula One.
These 45 cars were identical to a Carrera RS other than having airbags (with required electric windows), alarm system, American lighting, American bumpers, aluminum wheels, and standard seats. The cars otherwise had the lightweight seam welded chassis, lightweight interior trim, aluminum hood, lightweight door glass, suspension, brakes, G50/10 transmission and M64/03 engine etc. of the Carrera RS. These cars were approximately 200 pounds (90 kg) lighter than a normal USA Carrera 2 model.
The plan was for Andial, the then equivalent of what is now Porsche Motorsport USA, to convert these cars to full racing specification, however, due to lack of sponsor support for the Carrera Cup series, it was canceled before it began. The 45 cars imported to the USA for this series were then sold, quietly without any advertising so as not to compete with the new RS America, through normal dealer channels. These cars were supplied with a dash plaque which indicated that they were the "Carrera Cup USA Edition".
In order to please devoted American 911 enthusiasts who wanted an RS model, Porsche produced the RS America. The RS America was produced as a model year 1993 and 1994 car based on the USA Carrera 2. The RS America featured a distinctive "Whale-Tail" spoiler, a partially stripped interior with flat door panels (from the European RS) and carpeting along with a luggage shelf replacing the rear seats. Cloth covered sports seats, 17 inch wheels and M030 Sports Suspension were fitted as standard. The logo "RS America" was written on the deck lid along with an "RS" logo in front of the rear wheels. Deleted to save weight were power steering, cruise control, powered side mirrors, air-conditioning, sunroof and radio, although the air-conditioning, sunroof and radio as well as a limited slip differential could be ordered as options. The RS America was listed by Porsche as weighing 2,954 pounds (1,340 kg), 77 pounds (35 kg) lighter than the weight listed for a stock Carrera 2. The standard USA Carrera 2 brakes, engine and gearbox were used. North American engine.
[edit] Engine
Engine Design: Air/oil cooled, horizontally-opposed, dry-sump lubrication, rear-mounted Engine
Displacement: 3600 cc (220 cu in)
Cylinders: Six,
light alloy head Bore and Stroke: 3.94 x 3.01 in (100.0 x 76.5 mm)
Compression ratio: 11.3 : 1
Fuel/Ignition: Electronic fuel injection, DME controller, with twin-spark with knock regulation
Crankshaft: Forged, 8 main bearings, enclosed in light alloy case
Valve Train: Overhead cam, one per bank, double chain drive
Power: 191 kW/260 hp (SAE net) @ 6100 rpm
Torque: 312 N·m/230 ft·lbf @ 4800 rpm engine
[edit] Turbos
Porsche introduced the 964 Turbo model in March, 1990[1] as the successor to the 930. Unfortunately, they hadn't had the necessary time to develop a turbocharged version of the 3.6 litre M64 engine, and choose to re-use the 3.3 litre engine from the 930, with several minor revisions that made the engine smoother, less prone to turbo lag and more powerful, with a total output of 320 PS (316 hp/235 kW) @ 5750 rpm. A total of 3,660 of the 964 Turbos were built.
Porsche released the 964 Turbo 3.6, also sometimes referred to as the 964 Turbo II in January, 1993[1], now featuring a turbocharged version of the 3.6 litre M64 engine and producing 360 PS (355 hp/265 kW) @ 5500 rpm, the 3.6 litre powered Turbo was produced only for MY 1993/1994, with fewer than 1,500 of them produced in total, making it one of the rarest and most sought after Porsches produced since the 959.
In December, 1990[1], the Turbo S was also introduced. With a power of 355 PS (350 hp/261 kW) or (with additional high-performance kit) 381 PS (376 hp/280 kW), it was one of the fastest cars on the road. The Turbo S was available either with the traditional 964 Turbo 3.6 body, or with the exclusive Flatnose (Flachbau) aka Slantnose option. Option X83 (Japan), X84 (ROW) and X85 (USA), the Turbo S Flatnose, was available in the U.S.A. as a $60,179 USD option on top of the base price $99,000 USD Turbo 3.6. The "Flatnose" option was available when ordering the no charge '36S' option '1994 Turbo "S" Model'. In addition to the Flatnose fenders, it also included the 'X88' option or the 'Turbo S' motor, the 'X92' Exclusive front spoiler, 'X93' Exclusive rear spoiler and 'X99' Exclusive rear fender vents. The flatnose option was designed around the model 968 front end for the ROW and USA versions and the 930 style Turbo S front end for Japan (right down to the sill covers on the fenders). 39 Models were made for US markets, 27 for the Rest of the world, and 10 for Japan all in Polar Silver.
[edit] Specifications
turbo 3.3[2]:
Bore and stroke: 97 mm x 74.4 mm (3.82 in x 2.93 in)
Displacement 3,299 cc
Compression Ratio 7.0:1
Net Horsepower 320 PS (316 hp/235 kW) @ 5750 rpm
Net Torque 450 N·m (332 ft·lbf) @ 4500 rpm
turbo 3.6:
Bore and stroke: 100 mm x 76.4 mm (3.94 in x 3.01 in)
Displacement 3,600 cc
Compression Ratio 7.5:1
Net Horsepower 360 PS (355 hp/265 kW) @ 5500 rpm
Net Torque 520 N·m (384 ft·lbf) @ 4200 rpm
turbo S:
Bore and stroke: 97 mm x 74.4 mm (3.82 in x 2.93 in)
Displacement 3,299 cc
Compression Ratio 7.0:1
Net Horsepower 355 PS (350 hp/261 kW) @ 5750 rpm / 381 PS (376 hp/280 kW) @ 6000 rpm
Net Torque 471 N·m (347 ft·lbf) @5000 rpm / 490 N·m (361 ft·lbf) @ 4800 rpm
ZF Clutch type limited slip
20% lock under acceleration 100% lock under deceleration
[edit] Turbo S LM-GT
In 1993, Porsche developed a highly tuned 964 Turbo S prototype for use in international motorsport. The car, known as the Turbo S Le Mans GT (or simply Turbo S LM-GT), was based on the standard road-legal Turbo S, but stripped down and modified for circuit use. A deep chin spoiler was added to the front, while two air inlets were added just above the rear wheel fenders. An adjustable racing rear wing was added on top of the standard Turbo's wing. Wider fenders were used to house 12-inch (300 mm) wide racing slicks. The interior was completely stripped, a rollcage added, and the windows replaced with plastic. The engine used was not the standard road-car unit, but a smaller twin-turbocharged 3.2 liter unit which produced 475 hp.[3]
The Turbo S LM-GT made its debut at the 1993 12 Hours of Sebring where the car finished seventh overall and first in its class with the Brumos Porsche racing team. From there, the car was entered in the 24 Hours of Le Mans, running under the guise of the Porsche factory team. The car would however fail to finish after the engine was damaged early in the race. For 1994, the Turbo S LM-GT would be moved to the hands of Larbre Compétition, where a new 3.6 liter engine based on the 993 unit would be used in place of the 3.2 liter engine. The team opened the year with a second place finish at the 24 Hours of Daytona, before moving on to select rounds of the BPR Global GT Series. The car would win all four races in which it competed, including the 1000 km Suzuka. The Turbo S LM-GT would make a few select appearances in 1995 with Obermaier Racing before being retired.
The development work from the Turbo S LM-GT helped Porsche in creating the 993-generation 911 GT2 in 1995, which would be mass produced and sold to racing customers. Some teams, unable to buy new 911 GT2s, developed their own twin-turbo racing versions of the 964 Turbo to mimic the Turbo S LM-GT, but lacked the success of the factory project.
[edit] Speedster
The Speedster, a low-roof convertible version, returned in October 1992. Based on the Carrera 2, the Speedster was available either in standard or in lightweight, Clubsport trim. Unlike its predecessor, the 911 Speedster, the 964 Speedster was not available with the "Turbo-Look" wider rear arches. As a result, the sales of the 964 edition were disappointing: only 925 units were built in two years, vs 2065 for the previous generation, including the 1984 "Turbo-Look". Still, 20 (14 in right hand drive) very exclusive "Turbo-Look" units were made as special orders.
[edit] American Roadster
A turbo bodied cabriolet version was released in 1993. This had the standard electric spoiler and turbo guards. Mechanically it was the same as the standard model apart from 17" cup wheels and the brakes and suspension which were 'Jubilee' specification. Only 250 of this variant were produced.
[edit] Miscellaneous
"Type" 964 (nine-sixty-four) or simply 964 (nine-six-four) is in fact the internal code name for the car; the vehicle was badged simply as Carrera 2 or Carrera 4. The official name for the model, as printed on the front of the Owner's Manual, is "Porsche 911 Carrera 2" or "Porsche 911 Carrera 4". The 964 name is now often used to distinguish this car from other generations of the Carrera, especially among Porsche enthusiasts.
[edit] Production figures
| Porsche | Total | Subtotal | Grand total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 964 C2 Coupé | 18,219 | 34,398 | 62,172[4] |
| 964 C2 Cabrio | 11,013 | ||
| 964 C2 Targa | 3,534 | ||
| 964 C2 Cabrio turbo-look | 702 | ||
| 964 C2 Speedster | 930 | ||
| 964 C4 Coupé | 13,353 | 20,395 | |
| 964 C4 Cabrio | 4,802 | ||
| 964 C4 Targa | 1,329 | ||
| 964 C4 Jubilee Coupé | 911 | ||
| 964 turbo 3.3 | 3,660 | 5,097 | |
| 964 turbo 3.6 | 1,437 | ||
| 964 Carrera RS 3.6 Coupé | 2,282 | 2,282 |
[edit] References
- ^ a b c Kittler, Eberhard (2001). Deutsche Autos seit 1990, vol.6. Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag, 352. ISBN 3-613-02052-1.
- ^ All data according to: Kittler, Eberhard (2001). Deutsche Autos seit 1990, vol.6. Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag, 357-57. ISBN 3-613-02052-1.
- ^ 1993 Porsche 911 Turbo S Le Mans GT. Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG. Retrieved on 2007-09-28.
- ^ All figures from: Eberhard Kittler: Deutsche Autos seit 1990, vol. 6. Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-613-02052-1, p. 353.
[edit] External links
- Porsche - 1989 Porsche 911 Carrera Coupé, Cabriolet, Targa, Speedster, and 4 Coupé
- Porsche - 1989 Porsche Turbo 911 Coupé, Cabriolet, and Targa
- 964 Owners and information
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