Pope Clement III

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Clement III
Birth name	Paulino or Paolo Scolari
Papacy began	December 19, 1187
Papacy ended	March 27, 1191
Predecessor	Gregory VIII
Successor	Celestine III
Born	Date unknown Rome, Italy
Died	March 27, 1191 Rome, Italy
Other popes named Clement

See also, 11th century antipope Clement III.

Pope Clement III (died March 27, 1191), born Paulino (or Paolo) Scolari, was elected Pope on December 19, 1187 and reigned until his death.

A Roman by birth, he was made cardinal bishop of Palestrina by Pope Alexander III (1159–81) in 1180 or 1181. Shortly after his accession, he succeeded in allaying the conflict which had existed for half a century between the Popes and the citizens of Rome, with an agreement by which the citizens were allowed to elect their magistrates, while the nomination of the governor of the city remained in the hands of the Pope. He incited Henry II of England (1154–89) and Philip II of France (1180–1223) to undertake the Third Crusade (1189–92), and introduced several minor reforms in ecclesiastical matters. On 31 May 1188 he concluded a treaty with the Romans which removed difficulties of long standing, and in April 1189 he made peace with the Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa. He settled a controversy with William I of Scotland (1165–1214) concerning the choice of the archbishop of St. Andrews, and on 13 March 1188 removed the Scottish church from under the legatine jurisdiction of the archbishop of York, thus making it independent of all save Rome. In spite of his conciliatory policy, Clement III angered Henry VI of Germany (1190–97) by bestowing Sicily on Tancred (1189–94). The crisis was acute when the Pope died, probably in the latter part of March 1191.

[edit] References

• "Pope Clement III" in the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia.
• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
• Some information from the 9th edition (1876) of an unnamed encyclopedia

Roman Catholic Church titles
Preceded by Gregory VIII	Pope 1187–91	Succeeded by Celestine III

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