Politics of Veneto
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The Politics of Veneto takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democracy, whereby the President of Regional Government is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the Regional Government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Regional Council. The constitution was promulgated on 22 May 1971.[1]
Once a stronghold of the Christian Democracy, Veneto is now a stronghold of the centre-right House of Freedoms coalition, which has governed the region since 1995, under President Giancarlo Galan (Forza Italia).
Veneto is also home for Venetism, a political movement that appeared during the 1970s and 1980s, demanding autonomy for the region, considered as a nation separated from Italy, and promoting Venetian culture, language and history. This is the political background in which Liga Veneta was launched in 1980. Then, other Venetist parties, such as Liga Veneta Repubblica and North-East Project, emerged, but they never touched the popularity of Liga Veneta, which was a founding member of Lega Nord in 1991.
Liga Veneta scores always between 10 and 30%. In the 2005 regional election it received 14.7% of the votes and the three major Venetist parties combined gained 21.5%. However, since 1999 the strongest party in the region is Forza Italia, led by President Galan, a keen autonomist who forged a strong axis with Liga Veneta–Lega Nord.
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[edit] Executive
The Regional Government (Giunta Regionale) is presided by the President of the Region (Presidente della Regione), who is elected for a five-year term, and is composed by the President and the Ministers (Assessori), who are currently 12, including a Vice President.[2]
[edit] Current composition
The current regional government is in charge since 19 May 2005.[3]
| Galan III Government | ||
|---|---|---|
| Ministry | Minister | Party |
| President | Giancarlo Galan | FI |
| Vice President | Luca Zaia (until 6 June 2008) Franco Manzato (since 6 June 2008) |
LV |
| Minister of Economy, Development and Innovation | Fabio Gava | FI |
| Minister of Budget | Maria Luisa Coppola | AN |
| Minister of Health | Flavio Tosi (until 26 June 2007) Francesca Martini (26 June 2007 – 6 June 2008) Sandro Sandri (since 6 June 2008) |
LV |
| Minister of Social Affairs | Antonio De Poli (until 28 July 2006) Stefano Valdegamberi (since 9 November 2006) |
UDC |
| Minister of Education | Elena Donazzan | AN |
| Minister of Transports and Infrastructures | Renato Chisso | FI |
| Minister of Agriculture and Tourism | Luca Zaia | LV |
| Minister of Public Works and Sports | Massimo Giorgetti | AN |
| Minister of Environment | Giancarlo Conta | FI |
| Minister of Immigration | Oscar De Bona | NPSI |
| Minister of Territorial Affairs | Renzo Marangon | FI |
| Minister of Local Affairs | Stefano Valdegamberi (until 9 November 2006) Flavio Silvestrin (since 9 November 2006) |
UDC |
Source: Veneto Region
[edit] List of historical Governments
| Governments of Veneto | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Government | President | Party | Coalition | Vice President | Party | Term | Legislature |
| Tomelleri I | Angelo Tomelleri | DC | DC | Paolo Tartari | DC | 1970–1971 | I Legislature |
| Tomelleri II | Angelo Tomelleri | DC | DC | Paolo Tartari | DC | 1971–1972 | I Legislature |
| Feltrin I | Piero Feltrin | DC | DC | Paolo Tartari | DC | 1971–1973 | I Legislature |
| Tomelleri III | Angelo Tomelleri | DC | DC | Marino Cortese | DC | 1973–1975 | I Legislature |
| Tomelleri IV | Angelo Tomelleri | DC | DC, PRI | Giancarlo Gambaro | DC | 1975–1977 | II Legislature |
| Tomelleri V | Angelo Tomelleri | DC | DC | Marino Cortese | DC | 1977–1980 | II Legislature |
| Bernini I | Carlo Bernini | DC | DC, PSDI (since 1981) | Marino Cortese | DC | 1980–1985 | III Legislature |
| Bernini II | Carlo Bernini | DC | DC, PSI, PSDI, PLI | Umberto Carraro | PSI | 1985–1989 | IV Legislature |
| Cremonese I | Gianfranco Cremonese | DC | DC, PSI, PSDI, PLI | Umberto Carraro | PSI | 1989–1990 | IV Legislature |
| Cremonese II | Gianfranco Cremonese | DC | DC, PSI, PRI, PSDI | Amalia Sartori | PSI | 1990–1992 | V Legislature |
| Frigo I | Franco Frigo | DC | DC, PSI, Greens | Renzo Burro | PSI | 1992–1993 | V Legislature |
| Pupillo I | Giuseppe Pupillo | PDS | DC, PDS, PSI, Greens, UPV | Carlo Alberto Tesserin | DC | 1993–1994 | V Legislature |
| Bottin I | Aldo Bottin | PPI | PPI, LV, FI, PLI, UPV, CPA, Rad | Gian Paolo Gobbo | LV | 1994–1995 | V Legislature |
| Galan I | Giancarlo Galan | FI | FI, AN, CDU, CCD | Bruno Canella | AN | 1995–2000 | VI Legislature |
| Galan II | Giancarlo Galan | FI | FI, LV, AN, UDC | Fabio Gava | FI | 2000–2005 | VII Legislature |
| Galan III | Giancarlo Galan | FI | FI, LV, AN, UDC, NPSI | Luca Zaia | LV | 2005–... | VIII Legislature |
Source: Veneto Region
[edit] Legislative branch
The Regional Council of Veneto (Consiglio Regionale del Veneto) is composed of 60 members, of which 47 are elected in provincial constituencies with proportional representation, 12 from the so-called "regional list" of the elected President and the last one is for the candidate for President who comes second[4], who usually becomes the leader of the opposition in the Council. If a coalition wins more than 55% of the vote, only 6 candidates from the "regional list" will be elected and the number of those elected in provincial constituencies will be 53.[5]
The Council is elected for a five-year term, but, if the President suffers a vote of no confidence, resigns or dies, under the simul stabunt vel simul cadent prevision (introduced in 1999), also the Council will be dissolved and there will be a fresh election.[6]
[edit] Current composition
| Distribution of Seats in the Regional Council | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Political Group | Leader | 2005 | Now |
| Forza Italia | Remo Sernagiotto | 16 | 15 |
| The Olive Tree – Venetian Democratic Party | Giovanni Gallo | - | 12 |
| Liga Veneta–Lega Nord | Franco Manzato | 11 | 11 |
| National Alliance | Piergiorgio Cortelazzo | 6 | 6 |
| Union of Christian and Centre Democrats | Onorio De Boni | 5 | 4 |
| North-East Project | Mariangelo Foggiato | 2 | 2 |
| Italy of Values | Damiano Rossato | - | 2 |
| For Veneto with Carraro | Marco Zabotti | 2 | 1 |
| Communist Refoundation Party | Pietrangelo Pettenò | 1 | 1 |
| Federation of the Greens | Gianfranco Bettin | 1 | 1 |
| New Italian Socialist Party | Nereo Laroni | 1 | 1 |
| Party of Italian Communists | Nicola Atalmi | 1 | 1 |
| Veneto for the European People's Party | Raffaele Grazia | - | 1 |
| Venetian Agreement | Carlo Covi | - | 1 |
| Venetian People's Movement | Francesco Piccolo | - | 1 |
| Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy | Achille Variati | 7 | - |
| Democrats of the Left | Giovanni Gallo | 5 | - |
| Italian Democratic Socialists | Carlo Covi | 1 | - |
| United for Carraro | Massimo Carraro | 1 | - |
Sources: Regional Council of Veneto – Groups and Regional Council of Veneto – Members
[edit] Local government
Veneto is divided into seven Provinces.
Only two are traditionally governed by the centre-left (Rovigo and Venice), while Belluno is a swing province. Treviso, Vicenza and Verona are strongholds of Liga Veneta–Lega Nord, while in Padua, the most populated one and home-province of Giancarlo Galan, the People of Freedom is the dominant political force. Padua is also the province in Northern and Central Italy where the Union of Christian and Centre Democrats scores better. The Democratic Party is the largest party only in the Provinces of Venice and Rovigo.
This is a list of the provincial governments and of the biggest cities (with a population of more than 35,000 inhabitants):
- Province of Belluno – President: Sergio Reolon (PD)
- Province of Padua – President: Vittorio Casarin (PdL)
- Padua – Mayor: Flavio Zanonato (PD)
- Province of Rovigo – President: Federico Saccardin (PD)
- Province of Treviso – President: Leonardo Muraro (LV)
- Treviso – Mayor: Gian Paolo Gobbo (LV)
- Conegliano – Mayor: Alberto Maniero (PdL)
- Province of Venice – President: Davide Zoggia (PD)
- Venice – Mayor: Massimo Cacciari (PD)
- Chioggia – Mayor: Romano Tiozzo Pagio (PdL)
- San Donà di Piave – Mayor: Francesca Zaccariotto (LV)
- Mira – Mayor: Michele Carpinetti (PD)
- Province of Verona – President: Elio Mosele (PdL)
- Verona – Mayor: Flavio Tosi (LV)
- Province of Vicenza – President: Attilio Schneck (LV)
- Vicenza – Mayor: Achille Variati (PD)
- Bassano del Grappa – Mayor: Giampaolo Bizzotto (PdL)
- Schio – Mayor: Luigi Dalla Via (PD)
[edit] Political parties and elections
[edit] Last regional election
The last regional election took place on 3-4 April 2005. Giancarlo Galan (Forza Italia, House of Freedoms) was re-elected for the third time President of the Region, but the support for him was diminished by the presence of a third candidate, Giorgio Panto, who picked votes both from the centre-right camp and from the Ventist one, and of a fourth candidate of the far-right.
Forza Italia suffered a decline in term of votes and regional deputies, although remaining the largest party in the Council and also in the Region as a whole (the Olive Tree was only an electoral alliance at the time and the three parties which were part of it formed separate groups in the Council), while Venetist parties had a very good result: the combined score of Liga Veneta (14.7%), North-East Project (5.4%) and Liga Fronte Veneto (1.2%) was 21.3%, up from the 15.6% of 2000 (Liga Veneta 12.0%, Veneti d'Europa 2.4% and Fronte Marco Polo 1.2%.[7]
| Candidates | Votes | % | Parties | Votes | % | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Giancarlo Galan | 1,365,698 | 50.6% | Forza Italia | 523,176 | 22.7% | 16 |
| Liga Veneta-Lega Nord | 337,535 | 14.7% | 11 | |||
| National Alliance | 185,293 | 8.1% | 6 | |||
| Union of Christian and Centre Democrats | 147,790 | 6.4% | 5 | |||
| New Italian Socialist Party | 32,454 | 1.4% | 1 | |||
| Massimo Carraro | 1,144,358 | 42.4% | The Olive Tree | 560,407 | 24.3% | 14
|
| For Veneto with Carraro | 107,014 | 4.6% | 2 | |||
| Communist Refoundation Party | 80,350 | 3.5% | 1 | |||
| Federation of the Greens | 69,062 | 3.0% | 1 | |||
| Party of Italian Communists | 34,782 | 1.5% | 1 | |||
| Italy of Values | 29,570 | 1.3% | - | |||
| Liga Fronte Veneto | 27,481 | 1.2% | - | |||
| Consumers' List | 15,667 | 0.7% | - | |||
| UDEUR Populars | 6,246 | 0.3% | - | |||
| Giorgio Panto | 162,037 | 6.0% | North-East Project | 125,417 | 5.4% | 2 |
| Roberto Bussinello | 28,649 | 1.1% | Social Alternative | 20,426 | 0.9% | - |
Source: Regional Council of Veneto
[edit] Last general election in Veneto
[edit] Chamber of Deputies
| Coalitions and parties | Votes | % | Parties | Votes | % | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The People of Freedom–Lega Nord | 1,669,234 | 54.5% | The People of Freedom | 838,640 | 27.4% | 15 |
| Lega Nord | 830,594 | 27.1% | 16 | |||
| Democratic Party–Italy of Values | 944,380 | 30.8% | Democratic Party | 812,506 | 26.5% | 14 |
| Italy of Values | 131,874 | 4.3% | 2 | |||
| Union of the Centre | 171,126 | 5.6% | Union of the Centre | 171,126 | 5.6% | 3 |
| The Left – The Rainbow | 68,159 | 2.2% | The Left – The Rainbow | 68,159 | 2.2% | - |
| The Right | 59,925 | 2.0% | The Right | 59,925 | 2.0% | - |
| Liga Veneta Repubblica | 31,353 | 1.0% | Liga Veneta Repubblica | 31,353 | 1.0% | - |
| List of Speaking Crickets | 22,502 | 0.7% | List of Speaking Crickets | 22,502 | 0.7% | - |
| Socialist Party | 16,547 | 0.5% | Socialist Party | 16,547 | 0.5% | - |
| Abortion? No, thanks | 16,308 | 0.5% | Abortion? No, thanks | 16,308 | 0.5% | |
| Others | 66,504 | 2.2% | Others | 66,504 | 2.2% | - |
Source: Regional Council of Veneto
[edit] Senate
| Coalitions and parties | Votes | % | Parties | Votes | % | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The People of Freedom–Lega Nord | 1,540,993 | 54.4% | The People of Freedom | 802,533 | 28.3% | 8 |
| Lega Nord | 738,460 | 26.1% | 7 | |||
| Democratic Party–Italy of Values | 895,433 | 31.6% | Democratic Party | 771,974 | 27.2% | 8 |
| Italy of Values | 123,459 | 4.4% | 1 | |||
| Union of the Centre | 162,719 | 5.7% | Union of the Centre | 162,719 | 5.7% | - |
| The Left – The Rainbow | 61,279 | 2.2% | The Left – The Rainbow | 61,279 | 2.2% | - |
| The Right | 49,101 | 1.7% | The Right | 49,101 | 1.7% | - |
| Liga Veneta Repubblica | 46,677 | 1.7% | Liga Veneta Repubblica | 46,677 | 1.7% | - |
| Socialist Party | 14,756 | 0.5% | Socialist Party | 14,756 | 0.5% | - |
| Others | 62,123 | 2.2% | Others | 62,123 | 2.2% | - |
Source: Regional Council of Veneto
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[edit] References
- ^ http://www.regione.veneto.it/La+Regione/Statuto+Regionale.htm
- ^ http://www.regione.veneto.it/La+Regione/Giunta/Home+Giunta
- ^ http://www.regione.veneto.it/La+Regione/Giunta/Giunta1970/Ottava_legislatura.htm
- ^ http://www.consiglio.regione.lombardia.it/c/portal/layout?p_l_id=PRI.1046.1&p_p_id=20&p_p_action=1&p_p_state=exclusive&p_p_col_id=null&p_p_col_pos=2&p_p_col_count=3&_20_struts_action=%2Fdocument_library%2Fget_file&_20_folderId=69&_20_name=l+cost+199_PDF.pdf
- ^ It is what happened in the 2000 regional election. See http://elezionistorico.interno.it/listeRegionaliCompleta.php?tp=R&dt=16/04/2000&cta=I&tpEnte=R&tpSeg=R&numEnte=5&sut1=5&sut2=0&sut3=0&descEnte=%20Regione:%20VENETO&descArea=&codTipoSegLeader=.
- ^ http://www.consiglio.regione.lombardia.it/c/portal/layout?p_l_id=PRI.1046.1&p_p_id=20&p_p_action=1&p_p_state=exclusive&p_p_col_id=null&p_p_col_pos=2&p_p_col_count=3&_20_struts_action=%2Fdocument_library%2Fget_file&_20_folderId=69&_20_name=l+cost+199_PDF.pdf
- ^ http://elezionistorico.interno.it/listeRegionaliCompleta.php?tp=R&dt=03/04/2005&cta=I&tpEnte=R&tpSeg=R&numEnte=5&sut1=5&sut2=0&sut3=0&descEnte=%20Regione:%20VENETO&descArea=&codTipoSegLeader=
[edit] External links
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