Plastocyanin family of copper binding proteins

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Copper binding proteins, plastocyanin/azurin family
Identifiers
Symbol Copper-bind
Pfam PF00127
InterPro IPR000923
PROSITE PDOC00174
SCOP 1plc
OPM family 101
OPM protein 1sfd
Available PDB structures:

1id2C:44-132 1t5kB:43-131 1aaj :43-131 2racA:43-131 1mg2O:43-131 1mdaB:43-131 1aac :43-131 1sfdB:43-131 1bxaA:43-131 1sfhB:43-131 1sf3A:43-131 1sf5A:43-131 1aan :43-131 2mtaA:43-131 1tu2A:37-138 1pcs :31-126 1jxdA:31-125 1j5dA:31-125 1m9wA:31-126 1j5cA:31-125 1jxfA:31-125 1bawB:37-138 1bxvA:37-125 1bxuA:37-125 9pcy :1-99 1tefB:70-168 1ylbB:70-168 1tegA:70-168 1ag6 :70-168 2pcfA:70-168 1oowA:70-168 1byoB:67-165 1bypA:67-165 1pnc :70-168 5pcy :70-168 3pcy :70-168 1tkwA:70-168 1jxgB:70-168 1plc :70-168 4pcy :70-168 6pcy :70-168 2pcy :70-168 1pnd :70-168 1pla :1-97 1plb :1-97 2plt :49-145 1iuz :2-98 7pcy :2-98 1kdj :1-102 1kdi :1-102 1a3z :162-187 1gy2A:162-187 1a8z :162-187 1gy1B:162-187 1cur :162-187 1e30B:162-187 1rcy :162-187 2calA:162-187 1b3iA:37-131 2b3iA:37-131 1n3dA:73-163 1bqr :33-121 1zib :33-121 1bqk :33-121 1zia :33-121 1pzb :28-116 4paz :28-116 1paz :28-116 8paz :28-116 1pzc :28-116 7paz :28-116 1py0A:28-116 1pza :28-116 5paz :28-116 3paz :28-116 6paz :28-116 1adwA:27-115 1pmy :5-93 2azuC:21-148 1ilsD:21-148 2tsaB:21-148 1iluG:21-148 1jzjB:21-148 1jvoK:21-148 1r1cC:21-148 1gr7C:21-148 1e65D:21-148 1ezlB:21-148 1xb3A:21-148 1vlxB:21-148 3azuD:21-148 1nzrB:21-148 2tsbC:21-148 1xb6B:21-148 1azrA:21-148 1cc3B:21-148 5azuC:21-148 1e5yD:21-148 1i53B:23-148 5azuC:21-148 1e5yD:21-148 1i53B:23-148 1e67A:21-148 1aznD:21-148 4azuB:21-148 1jzhA:21-148 1jzeA:21-148 1etjC:21-148 1xb8C:21-148 1jziB:21-148 1e5zC:21-148 1bexB:21-148 1ag0B:21-148 1jzgA:21-148 1jzfA:21-148 1jvlB:21-148 1azu :23-148 1rkrC:1-128 1aizA:21-148 1a4aB:21-148 1a4bA:21-148 1uriA:21-148 2azaB:21-148 1a4cC:21-148 1azbB:21-148 1azcA:21-148 1dz0A:1-128 1dyzA:1-128 1nwpA:1-128 1nwoB:1-128 1cuoA:1-128 1uatA:1-128 1ov8A:152-234 1qhqA:152-234

Plastocyanin/azurin family of copper binding proteins (or blue (type 1) copper domain) is a family of small proteins which bind a single copper atom and which are characterised by an intense electronic absorption band near 600 nm (see copper proteins)[1][2]. The most well known members of this class of proteins are the plant chloroplastic plastocyanins, which exchange electrons with cytochrome c6, and the distantly related bacterial azurins, which exchange electrons with cytochrome c551. This family of proteins also includes amicyanin from bacteria such as Methylobacterium extorquens or Paracoccus versutus (Thiobacillus versutus) that can grow on methylamine; auracyanins A and B from Chloroflexus aurantiacus[3]; blue copper protein from Alcaligenes faecalis; cupredoxin (CPC) from Cucumis sativus (Cucumber) peelings[4]; cusacyanin (basic blue protein; plantacyanin, CBP) from cucumber; halocyanin from Natronomonas pharaonis (Natronobacterium pharaonis)[5], a membrane associated copper-binding protein; pseudoazurin from Pseudomonas; rusticyanin from Thiobacillus ferrooxidans[6]; stellacyanin from Rhus vernicifera (Japanese lacquer tree); umecyanin from the roots of Armoracia rusticana (Horseradish); and allergen Ra3 from ragweed. This pollen protein is evolutionary related to the above proteins, but seems to have lost the ability to bind copper. Although there is an appreciable amount of divergence in the sequences of all these proteins, the copper ligand sites are conserved.

[edit] References

  1. ^ Clingeleffer DJ, Guss JM, Rogers SJ, Freeman HC, Garrett TP (1984). "The crystal structure of poplar apoplastocyanin at 1.8-A resolution. The geometry of the copper-binding site is created by the polypeptide". J. Biol. Chem. 259 (5): 2822–2825. PMID 6698995. 
  2. ^ Hunt LT, Ryden LG (1993). "Evolution of protein complexity: the blue copper-containing oxidases and related proteins". J. Mol. Evol. 36 (1): 41–66. doi:10.1007/BF02407305. PMID 8433378. 
  3. ^ Meyer TE, Han J, McManus JD, Brune DC, Sanders-Loehr J, Cusanovich MA, Tollin G, Blankenship RE (1992). "Isolation, characterization, and amino acid sequences of auracyanins, blue copper proteins from the green photosynthetic bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (10): 6531–6540. PMID 1313011. 
  4. ^ Messerschmidt A, Mann K, Thoenes U, Mehrabian Z, Nalbandyan R, Schafer W (1992). "The amino acid sequence of a type I copper protein with an unusual serine- and hydroxyproline-rich C-terminal domain isolated from cucumber peelings". FEBS Lett. 314 (3): 220–223. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(92)81475-2. PMID 1468551. 
  5. ^ Oesterhelt D, Mattar S, Scharf B, Rodewald K, Engelhard M, Kent SB (1994). "The primary structure of halocyanin, an archaeal blue copper protein, predicts a lipid anchor for membrane fixation". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (21): 14939–14945. PMID 8195126. 
  6. ^ Yano T, Fukumori Y, Yamanaka T (1991). "The amino acid sequence of rusticyanin isolated from Thiobacillus ferrooxidans". FEBS Lett. 288 (1): 159–162. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(91)81025-4. PMID 1879547. 
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