User:Piotrus

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Welcome, traveller, to the Wikipedian Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus' user page

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On this beautiful day of

Wednesday

June

00:07 UTC

Wikipedia has 2,407,758 articles.

“	If Wikipedia has a lot of errors, so does every book I've read.	”
—June 10's Motto of the Day

News:

Personal

Jan'08: My Latest Featured Article: Józef Piłsudski
Dec '07: Most active Wikipedian: 45th and climbing up!
Sept'07: I got inteviewed by Wikipedia Weekly
Jan'07: Wikis and Wikipedia as a Teaching Tool: my first published academic article on Wikis and Wikipedia
Dec'06: My First Guideline: Wikipedia:Naming conventions (geographic names)
Aug'06: I was a speaker at Wikimania!
July'06: I compiled some quick and dirty statistics about Wikipedia.
April'06: Watch me live talking about using wikis and Wikipedia as a teaching tool!
26 Jan'05: I am a Wikipedia admin. What am I doing with my power?

Public

Volume 4, Issue 23 — 2008-06-02

Board elections open

WikiWorld: "Facial Hair"

Wikipedia in the News

Dispatches: Style guide and policy changes

Features and admins

Bugs, Repairs, and Internal Operational News

The Report on Lengthy Litigation

Archives·Newsroom·Tip line·Single-page·Subscribe

My best work

Featured

count: 20

Up to my new standards: 9

Need updating: 11

Major (I wrote most of the article): 15

Max Weber Nov'04 41kb
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Dec'04 43kb
Witold Pilecki Dec'04 25kb
Battle of Warsaw (1920) Jan'05 25kb
Stanisław Koniecpolski Feb'05 25kb
Władysław Sikorski Mar'05 37kb
Polish-Soviet War Apr'05 47kb
May Constitution of Poland Apr'05 30kb
Polish September Campaign May'05 49kb
Sociocultural evolution Aug'05 57kb
History of Poland (1945-1989) Jul'05 / Revised: Apr'07 75kb
Polish-Muscovite War (1605-1618) Nov'05 46kb
Katyń massacre Jan'06 50kb
History of Solidarity - Dec'06 60kb
Soviet invasion of Poland (1939) - July'07 60kb
Józef Piłsudski - Jan'08 122kb

Minor (I wrote less than half): 5

Warsaw Uprising Aug'04 30kb
Blitzkrieg May'05 35kb
Virtuti Militari Jul'05 38kb
History of the Jews in Poland Nov'05 60kb
Warsaw Uprising (1794) Aug'06

My current work

FACandidates

'A-class

GArticles

GACandidates

Peer Review

B-class

Start-class

Stub-class

To translate:

pl:II rozbiór Polski to Second Partition of Poland and pl:III rozbiór Polski to Third Partition of Poland (all now redirects)
pl:Zabór rosyjski to Russian partition, pl:Zabór austriacki to Austrian partition and pl:Zabór pruski to Prussian partition
pl:Rozejm w Niemieży to Niemieża Truce
pl:Samorząd terytorialny w Polsce to Self-government in Poland
pl:Józef Tusk to Józef Tusk
pl:Zbiór praw sądowych to Zamoyski's Codex
pl:Trasa Łazienkowska w Warszawie to Łazienkowska's Way
pl:Fotka.pl to Fotka.pl
pl:Legion Puławski to Puławy Legion
pl:Jan Kobylański to Jan Kobylański
pl:Henryk III Głogowczyk to Henry III of Głogów
pl:Kolonie Polski to Colonies of Poland
pl:Wileńska Brygada Kawalerii to Wilno Cavalry Brigade
pl:Zaręczenie Wzajemne Obojga Narodów to Mutual Engagement of Both Nations
pl:Powstanie leskie to Lesko uprising
pl:III wojna polsko-turecka to Polish-Ottoman War (1683-1699)
pl:Wojna Grzymalitów z Nałęczami to Greater Poland Civil War
pl:Katastrofa lotnicza w Mirosławcu to Mirosławiec air accident
pl:Czterdziestolatek to Czterdziestolatek
pl:Maria Kownacka to Maria Kownacka
pl:Zaczarowany ołówek to Zaczarowany ołówek
pl:Przygód kilka wróbla Ćwirka to Przygód kilka wróbla Ćwirka
pl:Desant na GUŁAG to GULAG Operation
pl:Wysiedlenie Polaków ze Lwowa to Lwów repatriation
pl:Feliks Gross to Feliks Gross
pl:Stanisław Krusiński to Stanisław Krusiński
pl:Józef Kupny to Józef Kupny
pl:Janusz Ziółkowski to Janusz Ziółkowski
pl:Trójkąt trzech cesarzy to Triangle of Three Emperors
pl:Statut Łaskiego to Łaski's Statutes
pl:Polscy ambasadorzy to List of Polish ambassadors
pl:5 Kresowa Dywizja Piechoty to Polish 5th Kresy Infantry Division
pl:Palma wielkanocna to Easter palm
Missing 'Artykuły na Medal'
add Polish participation to Battle in Berlin

To create:

Polish Rifles Division from [1]
Economic history of Poland from various
missing articles in Administrative division of Poland#Historical

A picture is worth a thousand words. Myself, wearing a żupan.

Tip of the day...

Preventing markup glitches

One problem that often occurs when building a complex table-based page, is that glitches show up on the page when viewed in other browsers, even though the page looks fine in the browser you used to build it. This problem is most prevalent when using new generation browsers and then viewing with Internet Explorer. Once the page is built, it can be very time-consuming to track down the bug, and may be faster to rebuild the page from scratch using IE, rather than spend time bug hunting. To prevent this problem, build the page using IE. If a page views properly in IE, then the chances are greater that it will display properly in other browsers, rather than the other way around.


Salad'o'meter™

n00b	involved	been around	veteran	seen it all	older than the Cabal itself

[edit] A word from the editor

Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus^[1] (born in Katowice, 1980) - Short story: I am a geek, otaku, a net freelancer, Mensa member, Singularitarian, Magister Artium in economics (Akademia Ekonomiczna w Krakowie since April'04 (Top 10 in my year), one of Top 50 (or Top 0.0001%) of most active Wikipedians. 42nd to be exact (as of March'08). Registered on Wiki on 10 Apr 2004 but I have been editing since December 2003 as an anon. On 25 January'05 I was elected to the position of a Wikipedia administrator. Oh yes, I am a Pole so read on how to deal with Poles! :>

I love sharing my knowledge and the idea of telecommuting, so Wiki is a 'home quite close to home' for me, also illustrating the truth in saying if you find work you like, you will never work again. Working on Wiki gives me this great feeling of doing something good and useful *now* - anybody can access my work anytime they wish, there are no delays in article publications, no restriction on who has enough money to pay for my work (hmmm, I can see a problem with this in the long run though... :>). I have now seen Wikipedia grow for years, and it is amazing. I am sure that in the near future Wiki will rival Google as the best tool on the web. And, of course, if it is, it should be on Wiki.

My interests concentrate around history (including counterfactual history), political sciences, communication, technological singularity, sociology, economics and finally, as perhaps a bit more trivial a hobby, all things related to good science fiction. Oh, and games. I am a founding member of the Polish Ludology Association, after all :)

In August '05, I begun studying for a PhD at the University of Pittsburgh Department of Sociology, looking at the impact of changes in communication technology on the evolution of political systems. After all, the history of democracy has been my top interest for the past - oh, 5 years now. I will likely do some historical research as well, regarding Golden Freedoms of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and its impact on development of democracy worldwide. And I also want to look at the social institution of hobby shops. But currently it appears that my specific focus will be - ta - dumm! - Wikipedia, as I am becoming more and more fascinated by the often asked question: 'how does this thing work?!' :) On a related note, I am also working on using Wikipedia as a teaching tool.

If for some bizarre reason you need to know more about me, just ask me.

^ Why Prokonsul? Because of this poem. And Piotrus is a latinization, not a diminutive.

[edit] Interesting article list

Daily FA Reading:

The 2006 Atlantic hurricane season was a fairly inactive Atlantic hurricane season compared to the 2005 season. The season officially started on June 1, 2006, and officially ended on November 30, 2006, dates which by convention delimit the period of each year when the majority of tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. One system, Tropical Storm Zeta from the 2005 season, continued through early January, only the second time on record that had happened. Tropical Storm Alberto was responsible for two indirect deaths when it made landfall in Florida. Hurricane Ernesto caused heavy rainfall in Haiti, and directly killed at least seven in Haiti and the United States. Four more hurricanes formed after Ernesto, including the strongest storms of the season, Hurricanes Helene and Gordon. No tropical cyclones formed during October, for the first time since the 1994 season. While forecasts predicted that the 2006 season would be very active, a rapidly forming El Niño event in 2006, the presence of the Saharan Air Layer over the tropical Atlantic, and the steady presence of a robust secondary high pressure area to the Azores high centered around Bermuda contributed to a slow season. (more...)

Recently featured: Jurassic Park – Wilco – Formation and evolution of the Solar System

Archive – By email – More featured articles...

Some interesting articles which I created or significantly contributed to. Did you know...

...that Józef Olszyna-Wilczyński, a high-ranking commander of the Polish Army, a veteran of World War I, Polish-Ukrainian War and the Polish-Soviet War, was executed by the Soviets during the Polish Defensive War of 1939?
...that the main languages of Renaissance in Poland were Polish and Latin, and that the leading Polish poet of that period, Jan Kochanowski, is regarded as a great Slavic poet?
...that in the Battle of Gdynia during the Polish September Campaign, the German armed forces captured Gdynia, an important port and industrial center of the Second Polish Republic?
... that French-born artist Jan Piotr Norblin is famous in Poland for illustrating many important historical moments of the last years of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and is considered one of the most important painters of the Polish Enlightenment
...that during the Battle of Hel, one of the longest battles in the 1939 Polish September Campaign, Polish forces temporarily separated the peninsula from the mainland, forming an island?
...that the Merton Thesis claims that Protestant religion had significant influence on the course of the scientific revolution?
...that firing of Anna Walentynowicz, a Polish free trade union activist, was one of the events that led to the giant wave of strikes in Poland and eventually the creation of Solidarity?
...that throughout the development of science, many ideas have been obliterated by incorporation?
...that in the aftermath of the Defence of the Polish Post in Danzig, in the Polish September Campaign of 1939, all the Polish civilians who had held out for 15 hours against the SS-led assault were executed?
...that in the Polish legislative election, 1947, the communist-controlled Polish government, advised by specialists from Soviet Ministry for State Security, ensured its victory by vote rigging?
...that Wojciech Bartosz Głowacki, a peasant, became a Polish national hero after he captured a Russian cannon with his hat during the Battle of Racławice?
...that A Perfect Vacuum, a 1971 book by Polish author Stanisław Lem, is an anthology of imaginary reviews of nonexistent books?
...that Jakub Uchański, a 16th-century primate of Poland and interrex, was suspected of heresy by the Pope?
...that the 1635 Treaty of Sztumska Wieś between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Sweden was of much interest to contemporary European diplomacy?
...that a 17th century Polish politician Mikołaj Sienicki held the office of marshal of the Sejm recordary nine times and was called a 'Polish Demosthenes' for his oratory skills?
...that manifest and latent functions and dysfunctions are sociological concepts for understanding the hidden reasons for actions and customs?
...that in the Bezdany train robbery of 1908, led by the future Polish dictator, Józef Piłsudski, the revolutionaries stole over 200,000 rubles?
...that Stanisław Warszycki, a wealthy 17th-century Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth magnate, gave rise to many legends about his cruelty, and several places in Poland claim sightings of his ghost?
...that Henryk Zieliński, a modern Polish historian who studied in the underground university in his youth, died in mysterious circumstances?
..that in the 1930 Polish election, due to government censorship, opposition papers were reduced to using images of Nietzsche, because he resembled dictator Józef Piłsudski?
...that Aleksander Krzyżanowski , commander of Polish resistance in the Vilnius region, was arrested by the Soviets after his unit helped them liberate Vilnius from the Germans?
...that science fiction and fantasy in Poland traces its origins to the Polish Enlightenment, and that many Polish science fiction and fantasy writers are translated into foreign languages - with the notable exception of the English language?
...that Henryk Woliński, Polish resistance Armia Krajowa member, was responsible for the creation of Żegota and saving the lives of thousands of Polish Jews in WWII?
...that Aleksandra Piłsudska, a Polish revolutionary and second wife of dictator Józef Piłsudski, helped plan the Bezdany train raid?
...that Union for Active Struggle was a secret paramilitary organization dedicated to reclaiming Polish independence, with support by Austria-Hungary against the Russian Empire?
...that Franciszek Ksawery Drucki-Lubecki, creator of the National Bank of Poland and author of many economic reforms in Congress Poland, has also laid foundations for the industrialization of the city of Łódź?
...that the Constitution of the People's Republic of Poland abolished the office of the President of Poland, replacing it with the State Council of Poland?
...that His Master's Voice, one of the most acclaimed science-fiction novels of Stanisław Lem, is also one of Lem's strongest critiques of the science-fiction genre itself?
...that Henryk Iwański, member of Armia Krajowa Polish resistance in WWII, commanded several incursions into the Warsaw Ghetto in support of the Warsaw Ghetto fighters?
...that student development theories are tools used by scholars and teachers in understanding how students gain knowledge?
...that parasocial interaction is a one-sided social relationship between the audience and the performers?
...that Perfect Imperfection, a 2004 science fiction novel by Polish writer Jacek Dukaj, raises the issues of technological singularity, transhumanism and the anthropic principle, and presents a unique model of human evolution?
...that Józef Kossakowski, bishop and writer, was one of several prominent Polish politicians sentenced to hanging as traitors in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising?
...that the Grodno Sejm of 1793, last Sejm of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, passed the Second Partition of Poland with deputies bribed or coerced by the Russian Empire's army?
...that the Worek Plan, a submarine operation by the Polish Navy in the early days of the Polish September Campaign, was a failure as the submarines did not manage to sink a single German vessel?
...that Piotr Włostowic, a 12th century voivode of the Kingdom of Poland, managed to break the alliance between Władysław II the Exile and Rus' princes while blinded, muted and exiled?
...that in the Battle of Węgierska Górka, one of the first battles of the Second World War, four unfinished and undermanned Polish bunkers held out against an assault of an entire German division for two days and two nights?
...that Other Songs, an award winning novel by Jacek Dukaj, a Polish science fiction writer, describes a unique world in which the ideas of Aristotle and Hegel replace the laws of physics?
...that although the Polish-Romanian Alliance, an important alliance of the 1920s, was still in force when the Second World War began, it had little impact on the German invasion of Poland in 1939?
...that although the last game in the Battle Isle series was released in 2001, there is an open source project, Advanced Strategic Command, to recreate the series?
...that life chances is a probabilistic concept introduced by sociologist Max Weber to determine the likely outcomes of an individual's life, on the basis of certain underlying factors?
...that Wojciech Bobowski was one of the most important musicians of the Ottoman Empire, and the author of the Bible translation into the Ottoman Turkish language?
...that Flying University was the secret educational conspiratorial enterprise that existed in Warsaw, Poland, in various forms in the 19th and 20th century to provide education outside of the dominating ideology?
...that in the late 18th century, Russian ambassadors to Poland had power that rivalled and even exceeded that of the Polish king or parliament?
...that Jacek Dukaj's Black Oceans, a Polish science-fiction novel, received the Janusz A. Zajdel Award Polish award for sci-fi literature in 2001?
...that the history of communication was dependent on the acquisition of the FOXP2 gene in humans, which facilitated the development of speech 200,000 years ago?
...that the fictional goat Koziołek Matołek has been a popular Polish children's literature character since first appearing in 1933?
...that Walerian Łukasiński, a 19th century Polish Army officer, was sentenced to 14 years of imprisonment by the Russian Empire, and died in prison after 44 years, becoming one of the martyrs of the Polish struggle for independence under the partitions?
...that in their 1956 book Union Democracy, social scientist Seymour Martin Lipset and his colleagues describe how the International Typographical Union once defied Michels' iron law of oligarchy?
...that Henry of Masovia, 14th century bishop of Płock, might have been poisoned by his wife, sister of Grand Duke of Lithuania, Vytautas the Great?
...that Mikołaj Trąba, first primate of Poland, took part in the Battle of Grunwald and might have been a papal candidate during the Council of Constance?
...that Bolko II of Świdnica was the last independent duke of the Piast dynasty in Silesia?
...that Tadeusz Hołówko became one of the first victims of the assassination campaign carried out by the members of the radical Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists despite his relatively moderate stance in the Polish-Ukrainian conflict?
...that Fighting Solidarity, created in response to the martial law in Poland of 1982, was among the most radical splinters of Solidarity?
...that Mury, a protest song by Jacek Kaczmarski about events in Catalonia, became the unofficial anthem of Solidarity?
... that among the editors of Robotnik, an underground newspaper of the Polish Socialist Party, were Józef Piłsudski, future dictator of Poland, and Stanisław Wojciechowski, future president of Poland?
...that Michał Dymitr Krajewski wrote the first Polish science fiction novel in 1785, during the period of Enlightenment in Poland?
...that the cry For your freedom and ours, one of the unofficial mottos of Poland, has been popularized by Polish soldiers, exiled from the partitioned Poland, who fought in various independence movements all over the world?
...that the Polish capture of Wilno in 1919 set the stage for the future Polish-Soviet and Polish-Lithuanian Wars?
...that Battle of the Border refers to the series of battles that were the opening stage of the Nazi Germany invasion of Poland in September 1939?
...that Laments by 16th century Polish poet Jan Kochanowski, a masterpiece of the Polish Renaissance, were inspired by the death of the poet's young daughter, Urszula?
...that the Muscovite-Lithuanian Wars of the 16th century saw significant territorial gains for the Grand Duchy of Moscow, and forced the Grand Duchy of Lithuania to ally itself closer with the Kingdom of Poland, forming the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth?
...that 17 days after the Germans invaded Poland in 1939, the Soviet Union joined the invasion, ensuring the fall of the Second Polish Republic?
...that in the early 1900s the illegal paramilitary Combat Organization of the Polish Socialist Party assassinated hundreds of Russian officials, policemen and secret agents responsible for repression in partitioned Poland?
...that Taras Fedorovych, a 17th century Cossack hetman, led an unsuccessful uprising over the issue of the Cossack register?
...that the Political Instability Task Force might have predicted over 85% of major state crises occurring in 1990–1997?
...that the Poniatowski Bridge in Warsaw was destroyed in both World Wars?
...that the Society of Friends of Science, first Polish scientific organization, founded in 1800, originated from the Thursday's dinners custom held by the last king of Poland, Stanisław August Poniatowski?
...that History Line: 1914-1918, a turn-based strategy computer game from 1993, adapted the software engine of the science-fiction Battle Isle series to portray the First World War?
...that on October 5, 1914, a French Voisin III pilot scored the first air-to-air kill of World War I?
...that neoclassical Staszic Palace in Warsaw was temporary redesigned in a Russo-Byzantine style when Poland was partitioned?
...that a church of the Order of the Holy Ghost once stood at the site of the Juliusz Słowacki Theatre in Kraków?
...that the Barbican of Warsaw became obsolete almost immediately after its construction in 1548?
...that the Polish 4th Rifle Division was the only Polish military unit that fought in the Russian Civil War and returned to Poland undefeated?
...that the Great Synagogue in Danzig, one of the most impressive synagogues of its time, was demolished by the city council of the Free City of Danzig even before the German invasion of Poland began?
...that in the Battle of Zhovti Vody the army of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth faced 1:10 odds for 18 days before its final defeat by the Cossack-Tatar alliance?
...the Swedish forces at the Siege of Jasna Góra were actually German mercenaries and Polish supporters of Charles X Gustav?
...that the Land Coastal Defence that defended the Polish coast during the German invasion of Poland was subordinate to the Polish Navy, not the Army?
...that the title of Namestnik of Kingdom of Poland became unused and replaced with that of Governor-General of Warsaw without any formal decree after the death of last namestnik?
...that the Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland of 1815, considered among the most liberal constitutions of its time, was increasingly disregarded by the Polish government, leading to the November Uprising of 1830?
...that the Polish minority in Lithuania is the largest ethnic minority in Lithuania?
...that there are several theories about the origins of the name of Poland?
...that construction of Żarnowiec, Poland's only nuclear power plant, was cancelled as the project neared completion?
...that Russian general Władysław Wejtko joined the Polish Army and constructed fortifications in the decisive Battle of Warsaw?
...that a strike in the Hipolit Cegielski Industries in Poznań, June 1956, led to the first major Polish protest against communism?
...that General Stanislav Poplavsky was one of thousands of Soviet officers who served as commanders, advisors and officials in the People's Republic of Poland during the Stalinization period?
...that the Polish Second Army was the second major formation of the Peoples' Army of Poland fighting alongside the Soviet Union in the Second World War?
...that Kazimierz Pelczar, a Polish professor of the Stefan Batory University and pioneer of oncological research, was one of the 100,000 victims of the Ponary massacre?
...that Ponary massacre lasted for 3 years as 100,000 Jews, Poles and Russians were murdered by the Nazis and their collaborators near Vilnius?
...that Leon Wasilewski, first Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs, was one of the chief supporters of the Prometheism policy aimed at breaking up the Soviet Union?
...that a part of Rawa River in Silesia is currently so polluted it is officially classified as a sewage channel?
...that the main force of the Łódź Army was destroyed in the Battle of the Border during the Polish Defensive War of 1939, but an Operational Group held out for a month defending the Modlin fortress?
...that legendary Łysa Góra is the site of an ancient pagan temple, a ruined monastery that gave its name to the local mountain range and province and the tallest TV tower in Poland?
...that confusing orders prevented most Polish forces from taking part in the Battle of Wilno in 1939?
...that reopening of the Cemetery of the Defenders of Lwów in 2005 marked a major improvement of Polish-Ukrainian relations?
...that following Operation Barbarossa, two distinct Polish military formations were formed in the Soviet Union - the first subordinate to the Polish government in exile, and the second one, to the communist puppet government?
...that Polish general Józef Zając held military decorations from Poland, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Austro-Hungary, and the short-lived state of Central Lithuania?
...that the status of the Northern Group of Forces, the Soviet Army unit stationed in Poland from 1945 to 1993, was formally regulated by Soviet-Polish treaty only in 1956?
...that Polish Armed Forces in the West, despite having their country occupied by the enemy, were one of the most numerous of Western Allies military formations?
...that bishop Adam Stanisław Krasiński was one of the leaders of the Bar Confederation, the first Polish uprising?
...that the Poznań 1956 protests were the first major demonstration against the communist government of the People's Republic of Poland?
...that Antoni Szylling was captured by the Germans as a Major in the Russian Army during World War I, and was captured again by the Germans in World War II as a General of the Polish Army?
...that in the 1957 Polish legislative elections, only 723 of 60,000 candidates were allowed to run?
...that the events of Polish October together with Hungarian November shook the Eastern Bloc in 1956 and set the course for the Revolutions of 1989?
...that Polish-Jewish and American historian Adam Ulam escaped The Holocaust by boarding a ship to study in the U.S. only days before the Germans invaded Poland?
...that the defection of Polish secret police agent Józef Światło in 1953 shook the Polish United Workers' Party and led to the liberalization of Polish October?
...that the 1928 legislative election is considered the last free election in Poland before the fall of communism six decades later?
...that reification is a logical fallacy that occurs when qualities of a living being are attributed to an abstract concept?
...that the Institute of National Remembrance, a Polish research institute on modern Polish history, has been in a center of recent Polish politics?
...that historical demography, popularized in the 20th century by French historian Louis Henry, is the study of historical records leading to estimations of past human population?
...that the Jagiellonian Library of Kraków, dating back to the 14th century, is the largest Polish collection of pre-19th century texts?
...that Edward Manning Bigelow is known as the "father of Pittsburgh's parks"?
...that the concept of a communist crime was introduced in Polish law to facilitate studying and prosecution of crimes committed by people in authority against Polish citizens or the nation?
...that the Kraków szopka is a unique Polish Christmas tradition that portrays artistic interpretations of buildings of Kraków along nativity scenes?
...that the summer 1944 Lublin-Brest Offensive of Soviet Army succeeded in bringing the Soviets to the vicinity of Warsaw, where the Warsaw Uprising began?
...that Władysław Orkan, a Podhale Polish writer and poet of the Young Poland movement, never passed his matura exams?
...that Matysiakowie is both the most popular radio drama in Poland and one of the longest running in the world, with over 2600 episodes broadcast since 1956?
...that battle for trade was a phrase introduced by Polish communist propaganda for the nationalization of private sector shops?
...that Józef Franczak, last of the cursed soldiers, was a resistance fighter for over half his life?
...that a Three-Year Plan succeeded in rebuilding the economy of Poland from World War II devastation?
...that before World War II, the Polish Army prioritized defence planning in case of Soviet attack over a plan against German invasion until the late 1930s?
...that Józef Mianowski, a 19th century Polish academic and personal physician of Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaievna, falsified university records to give alibis to Polish insurgents in 1860s?
...that 19th century Polish general Ludwik Mierosławski led revolutionaries in Poland, Germany and Italy?
...that Miss Pittsburgh was the first plane to deliver airmail between Pittsburgh and Cleveland?
...that 19th century Polish noble and farmer Stanisław Chełchowski published academic works ranging from ethnography through agriculture to mycology?
...that Polish I Corps in Russia, originally intended to fight for the Triple Entente against the Central Powers, was forced to ally itself with the German Ober Ost forces?
...that the Polish-Teutonic War of 1519-1521 was the last of the Polish-Teutonic Wars, and ended with the Prussian Homage?
...that the 1621 Battle of Khotyn resulted directly in the death of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth leader, hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, and indirectly in the death of the Ottoman Empire commander, sultan Osman II?
...that Będzin Castle, an important fortress in medieval Poland, fell into disrepair in the Renaissance era, was almost demolished in the 19th century and was rebuilt only in the 1950s?
...that one of the most influential people in Polish-French relations was Napoleon Bonaparte, still considered a hero in Poland and mentioned in the Polish national anthem?
...that in the Polish-Ottoman War of 1672-1676, a few years before crippling the Ottomans at the Battle of Vienna, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was forced to sign an unfavorable treaty with the Empire?
...that according to a legend, Polish-Lithuanian noble Mikołaj Sapieha stole a Holy Painting from a private Papal chapel in Rome?
...that the April 1920 Polish-Ukrainian agreement became the legal justification of the Kiev Offensive against Bolshevik Russia?
...that the 10-day battle for the Festung Kolberg in March 1945 was one of the most intense urban battles of the Polish First Army, destroying most of the city?
...that the Polish Army in France continued to fight in the Battle of France despite Pétain’s call for armistice and demobilization?
...that Stanisław Patek, dropped from the Russian Empire's list of attorneys for defending political dissidents, was later involved in the creation of a new Polish legal system?
...that in the Smolensk War, the Russian Tsardom and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth tried various Western military innovations and strategies for the first time?
...that Protestant and Orthodox minorities gained significant concessions from the Catholics during the election sejm of 1632?
...that the Polish Resettlement Corps was tasked with organizing the 250,000 members of the Polish Armed Forces in the West, over half of whom eventually chose to settle in the UK instead of returning to communist Poland?
...that coffin portraits of nobility of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth were meant to create an impression that the deceased is taking part in the funeral?
...that the Polish historian and survivor of the Nazi German Operation Sonderaktion Krakau Stanisław Kutrzeba formed an underground university in defiance of Nazi edicts?
...that the real objective of the 1732 Treaty of Three Black Eagles, where Prussia, Austria and Russia agreed to support the Portuguese Infante Manuel, Count of Ourém in elections to the Polish throne, was to create a rift between France and Prussia?
...that in 1526, with the heirless death of Janusz III Mazowiecki, last of the Masovian Piasts, the Duchy of Masovia was reunited with Poland?
...that the military doctrine of the cult of the offensive was one of the main causes of World War I?
...that Piłsudski's Mound, built in 1937, is the youngest and largest of the four mounds of Kraków?
...that after the November Uprising in partitioned Poland, the government of the Russian Empire offered a bounty for one of the Polish leaders, Jan Czyński?
...that the leaders of the failed coup in Poland in 1919 were arrested by their intended troops?
...that Polish bishop of Płock Antoni Julian Nowowiejski, murdered by German Nazis in Soldau concentration camp, became one of the 108 Martyrs of World War Two?
...that Polish-American historian Jerzy Jan Lerski was a member of the cichociemni, a Polish elite commando unit, during WWII?
...that the Łódź insurrection was one of the largest disturbances of the Russian Revolution of 1905?
...that Polish painter and politician Henryk Józewski protected Ukrainian leader Symon Petliura from extradition to Soviet Union by hiding him in his flat?
...that Wilhelm Koppe, one of the chief Nazi Holocaust perpetrators in occupied Poland, escaped arrest and under false name managed a Bonn chocolate factory for over a decade?
...that the now-Polish Gliwice Canal was known as the "Adolf Hitler Canal" during WWII?
...that the Little Treaty of Versailles was the first of several Minority Treaties, and Poland's renouncing of it was the deathblow to the League of Nations' ethnic minority-protection regime?
...that the Minority Treaties of 1919-1921, designed to protect ethnic minorities, were not implemented on the victorious allies of World War I?
..that popularity of German Minority, a party of the German minority in Poland, has been steadily declining since its establishment?
...that despite losing almost one third of their men in the Battle of Osuchy, Polish resistance in the Zamość region successfully engaged Germans during the nationwide Operation Tempest only a month later?
..that Jan Czerski, exiled to Siberia after the January Uprising, became a self-taught scientist and Siberian explorer, thrice decorated with the gold medal by the Russian Geographical Society?
...that Bonawentura Niemojowski, a Polish politician during the Congress Poland period, became one of the most vocal supporters of the November Uprising against the Russian Empire and a leader of the revolutionary Polish government?
..that among the founding members of Philomathes - a clandestine Polish student organization in Imperial University of Vilna in partitioned Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - was Adam Mickiewicz, one of the three national poets of Poland?
...that Berlinka was a partially constructed highway built by Nazi Germany that was intended to span the Polish Corridor from Berlin to Königsberg, Prussia?
...that during the negotiations in Ostrów in 1392, the principal Polish negotiator, Henry of Masovia, bishop of Płock, fell in love with the sister of his opponent, Vytautas the Great?
...that in 1866 Polish exilees to Siberia staged an uprising trying to escape to China?
...that Kazimierz Pużak, once considered for president of Poland, was one of the leaders of the Polish Secret State arrested by Soviets and sentenced in the Trial of the Sixteen?
...that Golden Liberty, the political system of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, similar to federation and democracy, became ineffective when faced with the surrounding monarchies?
...that Żeligowski's Mutiny, which resulted in the creation of the Republic of Central Lithuania in late 1920, was in fact staged and carried out with the knowledge of Polish leader Józef Piłsudski?
...that the Polish rock band Czerwone Gitary reached the heights of its popularity in the 1960s, and was known as the Polish Beatles?
...that Otto Magnus von Stackelberg, Russian ambassador to Poland, can be considered an unofficial but de facto ruler of Poland?
...that the Polish side tried to keep the Suwałki Agreement limited in scope so that it would not interfere with the planned Żeligowski's Mutiny?
...that the Battle of Chudniv in 1660 was the largest Polish victory over the Russians until the Battle of Warsaw in 1920?
...that without adequate scouting, Russian forces advanced blindly into the Battle of Lubar in 1658 during the Russo-Polish War, and were soundly defeated by a Polish army much larger than expected?
...that the Battle of Szkłów in 1654 occurred during a solar eclipse?
...that Jan IV Oświęcimski, the duke of Oświęcim from 1445 to 1456, harassed the King of Poland so much that he was paid a debt that was promised him four years earlier?
...that the Battle of Kostiuchnówka during the Brusilov Offensive in summer 1916 is considered the largest and most vicious of the battles involving the Polish Legions?
...that the testament of Bolesław III Krzywousty, High Duke of Poland, in 1138, led to the fragmentation of Poland which lasted for 200 years?
...that Lód, the most recent book by Polish science-fiction writer Jacek Dukaj, is an alternate history novel of over 1000 pages?
...that in the Polish-Austrian War of 1809, part of the War of the Fifth Coalition, Polish forces under Józef Antoni Poniatowski neutralized an Austrian force twice their size and liberated most of the Austrian-held Polish territory?
...that E.Wedel, a famous confectionery company of Poland, retained its logo even under the Polish communist government?
...that Nazi Germany planned to starve tens of millions of Jews, Poles and Soviet citizens in order to simultaneously eliminate "surplus population" and feed German citizens and their army?
...that despite German and Soviet attempts to destroy Polish culture during World War II, it was kept alive by underground activities, with the Polish Home Army even creating newsreels?
...that Polish duke Władysław the White gained a nickname of King Lancelot due to his adventurous life?
...that Abraham Gancwajch was one of the most prominent Jewish Nazi collaborators and criminals in the Warsaw Ghetto?
...that Group 13 was a notorious group of Jewish Nazi collaborators within the Warsaw Ghetto, known as the Jewish Gestapo?
...that Multinational Division Central-South, part of the Multinational Force Iraq, has been under the Polish command since its creation in 2003?
...that the Academy of Music in Warsaw, the oldest and largest music school in Poland, is named after the most famous of its students, Fryderyk Chopin?
...that about 12 million people were forced laborers in Nazi Germany during World War II, and less than 2 million received direct compensation after the war?
...that Independent Operational Group Polesie, composed of mostly reserve and second line troops, was nonetheless the last regular unit of the Polish Army to capitulate during the German invasion of Poland in 1939?
...that Red Plague, a poem of Józef Szczepański, commander of Batalion Parasol during the Warsaw Uprising, was banned in the People's Republic of Poland due to its anti-Soviet sentiments?
...that the battle of the Dukla Pass was one of the bloodiest battles in Slovakia's history and contributed to the failure of the Slovak National Uprising?
...that Brest Fortress was belatedly honoured by the USSR as a Hero Fortress in 1965 for its resistance to the Nazi invasion in 1941?
...that Jakub Wejher, one of 17th century Poland's richest magnates, founded the town of Wejherowo?
...that despite much preparation by Prussia, Toruń Fortress, one of the largest defence complexes in Central and Eastern Europe, did not play a significant role in World War I?
...that Karol Szajnocha, one of Poland's leading 19th century historians, was self-taught as he was expelled from university?
...that Operation Himmler was a Nazi Germany false flag operation, intended to create an appearance that the German invasion of Poland was a defensive war provoked by a Polish attack on Germany?
...that Alexander Solzhenitsyn composed his 12,000-lines long poem Prussian Nights while imprisoned in a GULAG camp, writing down each day a few lines on a bar of soap?
...that over 90% of Lithuanian Jews perished in the first few months of Operation Barbarossa in the Holocaust in Lithuania?
...that in the 1944 Battle of Murowana Oszmianka, the Polish resistance Armia Krajowa dealt a significant defeat to the Nazi-Lithuanian Lithuanian Territorial Defense Force?
...that the Zamość Uprising was one of the major operations of the Polish resistance movement in World War II, and succeeded in significantly delaying German plans to evict the Polish inhabitants and colonize the region?
...that Polish–Ukrainian relations have been steadily improving since the fall of communism, and both countries now have a strong strategic relationship?
...that Polish war correspondent Melchior Wańkowicz was charged with "slandering the People's Republic of Poland", for criticizing the state in a private letter?
...that revolution in the Kingdom of Poland, part of the Russian Revolution, included a three-year-long school strike against the russification of the Polish educational system?
...that lumpenbourgeoisie, a neologism of lumpenproletariat and bourgeoisie popularized by economist and sociologist Andre Gunder Frank, is used to describe colonial and neocolonial elites in Latin America?
...that neither the far right Lizard Union nor the communist Armia Ludowa, both parts of the Polish resistance in World War II, recognized the Polish Underground State?
... that silva rerum was a type of a multi-generational chronicle, kept by many Polish noble families from the 16th through 18th centuries?
...that Frederick II of Prussia was elated by the First Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth?
...that the book Fear by Jan T. Gross has been a subject of significant controversy in Poland?
...that to preserve national unity, Polish king Stefan Batory restored the city of Danzig's economic and religious privileges after an uprising?
... that sociology was banned as a bourgeois science by the Polish government in the Stalinist period 1948–1956?
... that the Polish-Lithuanian union of Lublin in 1569 marked the beginning of centuries of struggle between Poland and Russia over Central and Eastern Europe?
... that rabbi Dow Ber Meisels of Kraków and Warsaw was a prominent supporter of Polish independence, including both the November and January Uprisings?
... that sociology of the Internet is one of newly emerged branches of sociology concerned with issues such as the digital divide, online social capital and public sphere?

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