Penrose, New Zealand

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Penrose
Local Authority	Auckland City
Characteristics:
Established	1860s (Approx.)
Population	537 ^{(data: 2001)}
Train stations	Penrose Train Station
Surrounded by:
North	Ellerslie
East	Mount Wellington
South-east	Southdown
South	Te Papapa
South-west	Oranga
West	One Tree Hill

Penrose is an industrial suburb in Auckland City, New Zealand. It is located to the southeast of the city centre, at a distance of about nine kilometres, between the suburbs of Oranga and Mount Wellington, and close to the Mangere Inlet, an arm of the Manukau Harbour. According to the 2001 census, Penrose has a population of only 573, due to the high intensity of industrial and commercial sites in the area.

Despite this low population, it is the site of Penrose High School, which attracts many students from out of the suburb, many of its students coming from as far as 20 km away. Mount Smart Stadium is also located in Penrose, as is the turnoff of the Onehunga Branch railway line from the North Auckland Line.

[edit] History

The area was first settled by Europeans as a military establishment during the New Zealand land wars in the mid 1860s.

The railway line between Auckland and Onehunga running through Penrose (now known as the Onehunga Branch) was one of the first Government funded railways in New Zealand, being opened in 1873. It was built by the Auckland provincial government.

Industry started to flourish in the area from the 1920s, due to its close connection to the main railway line and the main road (Great South Road) with these important transport links later strengthened by the motorway (State Highway 1) built following the same alignment in the 1950s. By this time, around 5,000 workers were employed in the suburb.^[1]

The new motorway and the move of industrial and manufacturing occupations out of older centres like the Auckland CBD soon started a boom in the Penrose-Mount Wellington area. Industry also successfully lobbied for state housing to be built close by, to provide the new area with a supply of labour.^[1] To this day, the area remains almost exclusively industrial, with a mix of run-down areas and newly established sites.