Peace of Zsitvatorok
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The Peace of Zsitvatorok (Hungarian: Zsitvatoroki béke; Slovak: Žitavský mier; Turkish: Zitvatorok Anlaşması) was a peace treaty which ended the Fifteen Years' War between the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg Monarchy on November 11, 1606. The treaty was part of a system of peace treaties which put an end to the anti-Habsburg uprising of Stephen Bocskay (1604-1606).
The treaty was signed at the former mouth of the Žitava River (Hungarian: Zsitva), which flows into the Danube in Royal Hungary (today's Slovakia). This location would later become the small settlement Žitavská Tôňa (Hungarian: Zsitvatorok), a part of the village Radvaň nad Dunajom (Hungarian: Dunaradvány).
The peace was signed for 20 years. Under the terms of the treaty, the Ottomans received 200,000 guldens (instead of annual tributes of 30,000 guldens which they had received before the war) and both side kept the territories occupied by them. The Ottomans recognized the Austrian Habsburgs as equal partners for the first time in history - they recognized that the Habsburgs were "Roman Emperors" (Holy Roman Emperors), not only "Kings of Vienna" (as the Ottomans had called them before). The treaty prohibited Ottoman looting campaigns to the territory of Royal Hungary, and stipulated that Hungarian settlements under Turkish rule could collect taxes themselves by means of village judges. The Ottomans also acknowledged the tax-free privilege of nobles. The Turks never really complied with these later terms, however.
The treaty was signed by Sultan Ahmed I and Archduke Matthias of Austria, despite strong opposition on the part of Emperor Rudolf II, Matthias's brother. The Ottomans' inability to penetrate further into Habsburg territory (Royal Hungary) during the Long War was one of their first geopolitical defeats. It forced the Ottomans to acknowledge the equality of their opponents and end further aggression for decades. However, warfare between the two powers continued in further Ottoman wars in Europe.
