Patch Tuesday
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Patch Tuesday is the second Tuesday of each month, the day on which Microsoft releases security patches.[1]
Starting with Windows 98, Microsoft included a "Windows Update" system, that would check for patches to Windows and its components which Microsoft would release intermittently. With the release of Microsoft Update, this system also checks for updates to other Microsoft products, including Office, Visual Studio, SQL Server, and others.
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[edit] Microsoft approach
[edit] Patch deployment costs
The Windows Update system suffered from two problems, affecting opposite ends of the users scale. On the one hand, less experienced users were not aware of it, and did not run it. Microsoft's solution was to introduce the concept of "Automatic Update", which would pro-actively inform the user that an update was available for their system.
The second problem affected large deployments of Windows, such as can be found at large companies. Such large deployments found it increasingly difficult to make sure all systems across the company were all up to date. The problem was made worse by the fact that, occasionally, a patch issued by Microsoft would break existing functionality, and would have to be uninstalled.
In order to reduce the costs related to the deployment of patches, Microsoft introduced the concept of Patch Tuesday. The idea is that security patches are accumulated over a period of one month, and then dispatched all at once on an anticipated date which system administrators can prepare for. This date was set not too close to the beginning of the week, and yet far enough from the end of the week to allow any problems that may arise to be resolved before the weekend. System administrators can mark the second Tuesday of the month as the "day in which machines are updated", and plan accordingly. The name "Patch Tuesday" has been in use since the third quarter of 2004.[citation needed] It is becoming synonymous for the day any software vendor issues a vulnerability patch.[citation needed] Some editors/analysts[clarify] talk about "Exploit Wednesday" as the day after, or even "Day Zero" immediately following the update, when hackers can launch attacks against the newly announced vulnerabilities.
[edit] Strictness of schedule
In most months Microsoft sticks to the "one patch set per month" schedule, and patches are only released on Patch Tuesday. However, cases in which out of cycle patches are released are not rare, and happen, on average, several times a year.[clarify]
Critics[clarify] say that the correlation between the vulnerabilities that cause Microsoft to break the promised schedule and the severity of those vulnerabilities is not high enough. There have been cases where vulnerabilities deemed by many to be "highly critical", and that were actively being exploited by worms, were not issued out of cycle patches while vulnerabilities deemed by same parties less critical were.[citation needed]
[edit] Expiration of services
Patch Tuesdays will end for Windows XP Home Edition on April 8, 2014, when extended support for this version of the OS expires.[2]
[edit] Impact on Internet
[edit] Security implications of Patch Tuesday
The most obvious security implication is that security problems that have a solution are withheld from the public for a period of up to a month. Implicitly, this policy assumes that most attacks use information reverse engineered from the security patches that fix the vulnerability, rather than true "Zero day attack" exploits. It is unknown to what extent this assumption is true.
In the past, there were some cases where either vulnerability information or actual worms were released to the public a day or two before patch Tuesday. This does not leave Microsoft enough time to incorporate a fix for said vulnerabilities, and thus, theoretically, leave a one month window for attackers or the worm to exploit the hole, before a patch is available to formally fix it. This phenomenon is unrelated to Exploit Wednesday.[citation needed]
[edit] Exploit Wednesday
Many exploits are seen shortly after the release of a patch. By analyzing the patch, exploit developers can more easily figure out how to exploit the underlying vulnerability. Therefore the term "Exploit Wednesday" was coined. Also, starting to abuse an exploit on this day gives malicious code writers the longest period of time before a fix is supplied to users. Malware authors can sit on a new exploit until after a given patch Tuesday, knowing that there will be an entire month before Microsoft releases any patch to fix it.
[edit] Other consequences
Immediately following Patch Tuesday, millions of computers are rebooted within a short period of time. This causes an exceptional strain on other Internet companies. For example, in August 2007, Skype experienced a two-day outage following Patch Tuesday.[3]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- Evers, Joris. "Microsoft pulls 'critical' Windows update", CNET News.com, 2005-09-09. Retrieved on 2006-12-12.
[edit] External links
- Microsoft: Bulletins and Advisories (Security Bulletin List and Search)
- Microsoft Support Website
- Bruce Schneier's blog - Example of report about vulnerability found in the wild with timing seemingly coordinated with "Patch Tuesday".
- Bruce Schneier's blog - Example of a quick patch response, not due to a security issue but for DRM-related reasons.
