Passagianism
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The Passagians were a group of twelfth-century heretics in Lombardy, part of northern Italy. They were contemporaires of the Cathari. Their leaders are unknown, and their doctrines can be learned only from a work written around 1200 to confute their teachers as well as others judged to be heretics.
The Summa contra haereticos, ascribed to Praepositinus of Cremona, describes the Passagians as retaining the Old Testament rules on circumcision, kosher foods, and the Jewish holy days. They were also accused of preaching a form of subordinationism, teaching that Christ was a created being and less than the Father.