Image:PannerdensKanaal.png

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Satellite image of the reconstructed Rhine-Waal fork with the courses of various branches coloured in afterwards. The original image was made by NLR and ESA.

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NLR and ESA are cited as the source (for the original picture).

The colours indicate the following waterways (east to west/south to north):

• brownish orange: river Rhine
• bright red: the cut-off Oude Rijn (Old Rhine) bend
• dark green: river Waal
• mint green: the cut-off Oude Waal (Old Waal) bend
• pastel blue: the Bijlands Kanaal (Bijland Canal)
• dark blue: the Pannerdens Kanaal (Pannerden Canal)
• purple: river Nederrijn (Nether Rhine)

In the course of the eighteenth century, major reconstruction works were carried out by the Gelderland and federal Dutch authorities to improve water management at the (Nether) Rhine-Waal fork, as the Rhine silted up and threatened both to fall dry in summer and clog up and so overflow in times of high water. Two canals were dug and two bends were cut off, resulting in a new Rhine-Waal fork several kilometres farther downstream.

Note: because it's no longer generally known nor readily discernible that the river sections between the Pannerden and Bijland Canals and between the Bijland Canal and the original fork actually are part of river Waal, they nowadays are generally called "Rijn" (Rhine).

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