Palazzo Porto in Piazza Castello, Vicenza
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The Palazzo Porto in Piazza Castello, Vicenza is one of two palazzi in the city designed by Andrea Palladio for members of the Porto family.[1] Only two bays of it were ever built, beginning shortly after 1571. Why the patron, Alessandro Porto, did not continue with the project is not known.[2]
For the scheme, which was probably intended to have been seven bays wide, the Porto family's 15th-century case, still standing to the left of the great architectural torso, would have been incrementally demolished. The structure was completed after Palladio's death by Vincenzo Scamozzi. The project seems to have been initiated immediately following the publication in 1570 of Palladio's Quattro Libri dell'Architettura, in which its design does not appear.
It was illustrated by Ottavio Bertotti Scamozzi in 1776,[3] who called it the Casa Porto and traced the extent of foundations built for it, suggesting that an interior courtyard with an exedra end was contemplated, of which part was built.[4]
Palazzo Porto in Piazza Casello shows the influence of Palladio's Roman visit. Its grandiose scale was not purely competitive with the Thiene, with whom the Porto were connected by contemporary marriages and whose palazzo faces it across the broad piazza, but corresponds with its urban position, intended to shape and dominate a great open space.
The two standing bays fully define the programme of the intended façade: a colossal order of Composite half-columns stand on high socles — themselves on bases that are taller than a person's height[5] — against the crisp and flat urbane rustication of the basement. The full expression of the order in columns breaks the entablature boldly forward over each column; it is one-fifth the height of the columns and pierced with windows in the manner of Baldassare Peruzzi, to give light to rooms of a mezzanine. A frieze carved with swags of oak garlands in bold relief, hung from the abaci of the capitals, passes between them, creating a richly sculptural unbroken band across the façade. Windows with alternating triangular and segmental pediments are each provided with a balustraded balcony supported on brackets.
[edit] Conservation
In 1994 UNESCO designated a World Heritage Site to protect the Palladian architecture of Vicenza. In 1996 the site was expanded to include the villas elsewhere in the Veneto and it was renamed "City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto".
[edit] Notes
- ^ The other Palazzo Porto was constructed for Iseppo Porto ca 1544, in emulation of his Thiene in-laws who had just built Palazzo Thiene.
- ^ The sobriquet Casa del Diavolo mentioned by Banister Fletcher, Andrea Palladio His Life and Work (1902:53–55) may have accounted for its incompletion in fanciful ways.
- ^ Le fabbriche e i disegni di Andrea Palladio, 1776.
- ^ Ottavio Bertotti Scamozzi attributed its design to Vincenzo Scamozzi. Fletcher 1902.
- ^ The proportions of base to column here violate Palladio's own canons of proportion.
