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- This is a Korean name; the family name is Pak.
Pak Paeng-nyeon (1417 – 1456) was a scholar-official of the early Joseon Dynasty, and is known as one of the six martyred ministers. He was born to a yangban family of the Suncheon Pak lineage, and was the son of high minister Pak Jung-rim. He passed the lower national service examination at a royal visitation in 1434, and was later appointed to the Hall of Worthies by Sejong. In the 1440s, he participated with other members of the Hall of Worthies in the creation of the Hunmin Jeongeum and the creation of the hangul alphabet. He passed the higher literary examination in 1447, and rose to vice-minister of justice under Danjong in 1454.
In 1455, Danjong was overthrown by Sejo, arising the ire of Pak and many other officials. Pak continued to serve in high office; he was appointed as governor of Chungcheong in 1455, and again as vice-minister of justice in 1456. He joined in a plot to overthrow Sejo and restore Danjong in 1456, but the plot was uncovered through the betrayal of fellow plotter Kim Jil. He refused to repent from his deeds and died in prison as a result of torture. The entire male family member of Pak was put to death by king Sejo.
A shrine to Pak is located in Sinni-myeon, Chungju City, Chungcheongbuk-do. It was established in the 18th century, when Pak and his fellows had come to be viewed as model subjects. Another memorial dating to 1688 stands in Jayang-dong, Dong-gu, Daejeon, at the former site of his official residence. A few of Pak's sijo poems have survived.
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