Pact of Biak-na-Bato
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The Pact of Biak-na-Bato, signed in December 14, 1897, created a truce between Spanish Colonial Governor-General Fernando Primo de Rivera and Emilio Aguinaldo to end the Philippine Revolution. Aguinaldo and his fellow revolutionaries were given amnesty and monetary indemnity of by the Spanish government in return for which the rebel Government would go into voluntary exile in Hong Kong. Aguinaldo would later use the money to purchase firearms.
[edit] Provisions
Made up of three documents, the Pact called for the following:[1]
- The surrender of Aguinaldo and the rest of the revolutionary corps.
- Amnesty for those who participated in the revolution..
- Exile to Hong Kong for the revolutionary leadership.
- Payment by the Spanish government of $800,000 (Mexican) to the revolutionaries in three installments: $200,000 pesos upon leaving the country, $100,000 pesos upon the surrender of at least 700 firearms, and another $100,000 pesos upon the declaration of general amnesty.[2]
[edit] Results
In accordance with the first clause, Aguinaldo and twenty five other top officials of the revolution were banished to Hong Kong with $400,000 (Mexican) in their possession. The rest of the men received $200,000 (Mexican), while the third installment was never received. General amnesty was never declared because sporadic skirmishes continued.
[edit] Notes and References
- ^ Don Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy, “Chapter II. The Treaty of Biak-na-bató”, True Version of the Philippine Revolution, Authorama: Public Domain Books, p. 126, <http://www.authorama.com/true-version-of-the-philippine-revolution-3.html>. Retrieved on 7 February 2008
- ^ The Mexican dollar at the time was worth about 50 U.S. cents, according to Halstead, Murat (1898), “XII. The American Army in Manila”, The Story of the Philippines and Our New Possessions, Including the Ladrones, Hawaii, Cuba and Porto Rico, p. 126, <http://www.gutenberg.org/catalog/world/readfile?fk_files=58428&pageno=122>
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