Image:P217r75 5t19930624 nn1 plus nn3 bicas ressaltando construcoes ENHANCED.png

Satellite View of Bicas,Minas Gerais,Brazil in 1993-06-24 (monocromatic=bands 3+1), (3+1 means that bands 1 and 3 (visible blue and red frequencies) were added together, strongly highlighting human artifacts), with 30m resolution per pixel and contrast and edge enhancer filters applied.

In this composition it is possible to clearly notice the human artifacts (such as buildings, houses, roads) and naked land areas. The city of Bicas shows clearly in the centre as a milky spot, linked to a thin grey "half moon" corresponding to the neighbour city of Guarará. The roads coming and going to Bicas and Guarará are easily visible. The road BR-267 can be easily seen as a winding thin bright line coming from west, across the south of Bicas, the north of Guarará, and leading eastwards to the city of Maripá. The road MG-126 can be seen as a winding thin bright line leading from the BR-267 junction in the south of Bicas towards the south, to the city of Pequeri and Mar de Espanha (both outside view). On the northern parts of Bicas a winding thin road can be seen, descending the hilly range where Bicas is on, and leading to the cities of Rochedo de Minas and São João Nepomuceno (both outside view). The road to Saracura region is weakly visible towards the northeastern parts of Bicas, just as other roads on the southeast of Guarará and on other places. Several white spots spread all over the view correspond to amounts of naked land and mineral exploration sites, and also to small villages (like Santa Helena, in the far west) and even to farm headquarters and small farms. This picture covers roughly 14400m west-east and 10800m north-south. The centre of the picture is located around Latitude 21S43'20 / Longitude 43W03'30.

Source: http://glcf.umiacs.umd.edu/data/landsat/ The source for this composite picture was the "Global Land Cover Facility", http://www.landcover.org. Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey. Intellectual Property Rights: USGS & NASA; use is free to all; The U.S. Government holds the ultimate ownership. See USGS Citation for further details. http://edc.usgs.gov/about/customer/citation.html

The individual band frequencies corresponding to the RGB colors, with resolution of 30m per pixel (according to the band specifications of the TM sensor (http://www.eurimage.com/products/landsat.html) of the LANDSAT5 satellite (http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/education/compositor/), { Band Number Wavelength Interval Spectral Response 1 0.45-0.52 µm Blue-Green 2 0.52-0.60 µm Green 3 0.63-0.69 µm Red 4 0.76-0.90 µm Near IR 5 1.55-1.75 µm Mid-IR 6 10.40-12.50 µm Thermal IR 7 2.08-2.35 µm Mid-IR }), were made available by the source above, for free use, in the address http://glcfapp.umiacs.umd.edu:8080/esdi/ftp?id=14492 (also in ftp://ftp.glcf.umiacs.umd.edu/glcf/Landsat/WRS2/p217/r075/p217r75_5t19930624.TM-EarthSat-Orthorectified/).

and then further processed by Marcus Cunha Granado (filtering, clipping, band composition), resulting in this picture from the personal archives.

METADATA FILE (ARQUIVO p217r75_5t19930624.met)

IMAGE_ID P217R75_5T19930624 PATH 217 ROW 75 DATE 1993/06/24 FILE_FORMAT GEOTIFF DATA_FORMAT BYTE ROW_COUNT 7866 COL_COUNT 8377 ROW_START 1 COL_START 1 PLATFORM LANDSAT5 SENSOR TM PROJECTION UTM23 DATUM WGS84 UNITS METERS X_START 5.7701100000E+05 Y_START -2.2869255000E+06 X_INCREMENT 2.8500000000E+01 Y_INCREMENT -2.8500000000E+01

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• Bicas