Order of Culture
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Order of Culture (文化勲章, bunka kunshō) is a Japanese Order (decoration), established on February 11, 1937. The order has one class only, and may be awarded to men and women for contributions to Japan's art, literature or culture; recipients of the order also receive an annuity for life. The order is conferred by the Emperor of Japan in person on Culture Day (November 3) each year.
The badge of the order, which is in gold with white enamel, is in the form of an mandarin orange blossom; the central disc bears three crescent-shaped jades (magatama). The badge is suspended on a gold and enamel wreath of mandarin orange leaves and fruit, which is in turn suspended on a purple ribbon worn around the neck.
The order ranks between the Order of the Sacred Treasures, First Class and the Order of the Rising Sun, Double Rays (second class).
Kenzaburo Oe, 1994 Nobel laureate and critic of the Japan's Imperial system, is the only person to have refused to accept an award of the Order of Culture.[1]
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[edit] Selected recipients
- Revisions and sourced additions are welcome.
- Yoshiaki Arata [2]
- Akira Ifukube (1914–2006).
- Hantaro Nagaoka (1865-1950).
- Tetsuo Nozoe (1902-1996).[3]
- Junjiro Takakusu (1866-1945).[4]
- Kenjiro Takayanagi (1899-1990).[5]
- Morohashi Tetsuji (1883-1982).[6]
- Nakamura Utaemon VI (1917-2001).[7]
- Yoshikawa Eiji (1892-1962).
[edit] Notes
- ^ Honor refused 1994 -- Onishi, Norimitsu. "Released From Rigors of a Trial, a Nobel Laureate’s Ink Flows Freely," New York Times. May 17, 2008.
- ^ Honor awarded in 2006 -- Arata receives award from Emperor of Japan on ISCMNS
- ^ Honor awarded 1958 -- Journal of Chemical Education, Biographical Snapshots web site
- ^ Honor awarded 1944 -- Junijiro Takakusu
- ^ Honor awarded 1981 -- "Kenjiro Takayanagi, Electrical Engineer, 91", New York Times, July 25, 1990.
- ^ Honor awarded 1965 -- Sanjo municipal web site
- ^ Honor awarded 1979 -- Strom, Stephanie. Nakamura Utaemon VI, 84, International Star of Kabuki", New York Times. April 4, 2001.
[edit] References
- Peterson, James W., Barry C. Weaver and Michael A. Quigley. (2001). Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States. San Ramon, California: Orders and Medals Society of America. ISBN 1-8909-7409-9
[edit] External links
- Japan, Cabinet Office: Decorations and Medals
- Decoration Bureau: Order of Culture
- Japan Mint: Production Process
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