Online newspaper
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
An online newspaper, also known as a web newspaper, is a newspaper that exists on the World Wide Web or Internet, either separately or as an online version of a printed periodical.
Going online created more opportunities for newspapers, such as competing with broadcast journalism in presenting breaking news in a more timely manner. The credibility and strong brand recognition of well-established newspapers, and the close relationships they have with advertisers, are also seen by many in the newspaper industry as strengthening their chances of survival.[1] The movement away from the printing process can also help decrease costs.
Professional journalists have some advantages over blogs, as editors are normally aware of the potential for legal problems.[2]
Online newspapers are much like hard-copy newspapers and have the same legal boundaries, such as laws regarding libel, privacy and copyright,[3] also apply to online publications in most countries, like in the UK. Also in the UK the Data Protection Act applies to online newspapers and news pages.[4] As well as the PCC rules in the UK. But the distinction was not very clear to the public in the UK as to what was a blog or forum site and what was an online newspaper. In 2007, a ruling was passed to formally regulate UK based online newspapers, news audio, and news video websites covering the responsibilities expected of them and to clear up what is, and what isn't, an online publication. [5]
News reporters are being taught to shoot video[6] and to write in the succinct manner necessary for the Internet news pages. Many are learning how to implement blogs and the ruling by the UK's PCC should help this development of the internet.
Journalism students in schools around the world are being taught about the "convergence" of all media and the need to have knowledge and skills involving print, broadcast and web.[7]
Some newspapers have attempted to integrate the internet into every aspect of their operations, i.e., reporters writing stories for both print and online, and classified advertisements appearing in both media; others operate websites that are more distinct from the printed newspaper.
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[edit] Examples of newspaper online
It would be difficult to find a daily newspaper in the UK or United States, in fact in the world, in the 21st century, that does not have or share a website.[8]
Very few newspapers in 2006 will claim to have made money from their websites, which are mostly free to all viewers. Declining profit margins and declining circulation in daily newspapers have forced executives to contemplate new methods of obtaining revenue from websites, without charging for subscription. This has been difficult. Newspapers with specialized audiences such as The Wall Street Journal or The Chronicle of Higher Education, successfully charge subscription fees. Many of the web papers have simplified their URLs so that, for instance, miami.com will take you to The Miami Herald whose website first appeared in the mid-1990s. Most newspapers now have an online edition, including, The Los Angeles Times, The Washington Post, USA Today, and The New York Times.
The Guardian experimented with new media in 2005, offering a free twelve part weekly podcast series by Ricky Gervais.[9]. Another UK daily to go online is The Daily Telegraph.
[edit] Online-only newspapers
To be a "Web-Only Newspaper" they must not be part of or have any connection to hard copy formats, and must be regularly updated at a regular time and keep to a fixed news format. They must only be published by professional media companies, and fall under national and international press rules and regulations [10] and have 80% or above news content.[11] For example, in 2000 an independent web only newspaper was introduced in the UK called the Southport Reporter.[12] It is a weekly regional newspaper that is not produced or run in any format other than soft-copy on the internet by its publishers PCBT Photography. Unlike blog sites[13] and other news websites it is run as a newspaper and is recognized by media groups in the UK, like the NUJ and/or the IFJ. Also they fall under the UK's PCC rules.
[edit] Soft-copy news sheets
A news sheet is a paper that is on one or two pages only. Soft-copy sheets are like online newspapers, in that the have to be predominantly news, not advert or gossip based. These sheets can be updated periodically or regularly, unlike a newspaper. They must also like a newspaper be regarded as a news outlet by media groups and governments.
[edit] Future
The development of electronic newspapers, will very soon be replacing hard-copy printed papers via electronic paper. In February 2006, the Flemish daily De Tijd of Antwerp announced plans to distribute an electronic-ink version of the paper to selected subscribers. This will be the first such application of electronic ink to newspaper publishing.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ "Newspapers Recreate Their Medium" eJournal USA, March 2006 LINK
- ^ Report on AOP site
- ^ UK Copyright Law info. website
- ^ Data Protection Act 1998
- ^ See Journalism Mag. and also the PCC website AOP (UK Association of Online Publishers)
- ^ New York Magazine Holdings LLC also see Interactive Features of Online Newspapers by Keith Kenney, Alexander Gorelik and Sam Mwangi First Monday, volume 5, number 1 (January 2000) and also UK's PCC website press release.
- ^ Journalism Magazine - "The UK PCC (Press Complaints Commission) before 2007 already regulated online editions of UK newspapers"
- ^ "Newspapers Recreate Their Medium" eJournal USA, March 2006 LINK
- ^ Jason Deans, 2005-12-08. "Gervais to host Radio 2 Christmas show." The Guardian.
- ^ Journalism Magazine - "The UK PCC (Press Complaints Commission) before 2007 already regulated online editions of UK newspapers"
- ^ Definitions of newspaper on the web:- [http://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=en&defl=en&q=define:newspaper&sa=X&oi=glossary_definition&ct=title Google Link]
- ^ Published in UK as the "UK's only web-based newspaper" in January 2005 in hard copy magazine called "Web Pages Made Easy."
- ^ Google Define Blog
[edit] Further reading
- Herre van Oostendorp and Christof van Nimwegen (September 1998). "Locating Information in an Online Newspaper". Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 4 (1).
- Foo Yeuh Peng, Naphtali Irene Tham, and Hao Xiaoming (1999). "Trends in Online Newspapers: A Look at the US Web". Newspaper Research Journal 20.
- Wendy Dibean and Bruce Garrison (2001). "How Six Online Newspapers Use Web Technologies". Newspaper Research Journal 22.
- Jane B. Singer (1997). "Changes and Consistencies: Newspaper Journalists Contemplate Online Future". Newspaper Research Journal 18.
- McAdams, Melinda (July 1995). "Inventing an Online Newspaper" ([dead link] – Scholar search). Interpersonal Computing and Technology 3 (3): 64–90.
- Hsiang Iris Chyi and George Sylvie (1998). "Competing With Whom? Where? And How? A Structural Analysis of the Electronic Newspaper Market". Journal of Media Economics 11 (2): 1–18. doi:.
- CARINA IHLSTRÖM, MARIA ÅKESSON, an STIG NORDQVIST (2004-07-07). "FROM PRINT TO WEB TO E-PAPER — THE CHALLENGE OF DESIGNING THE E-NEWSPAPER" (PDF).
- Hanluain, D. O. (2004-02-13). "Free content becoming thing of the past for UK's online newspaper sites". Online Journalism Review.
- Hsiang Iris Chyi and Dominic L. Lasorsa (2002). "An Explorative Study on the Market Relation Between Online and Print Newspapers". Journal of Media Economics 15 (2): 91–106. doi:.
