Ondskan (novel)
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| Ondskan | |
| Author | Jan Guillou |
|---|---|
| Country | Sweden |
| Language | Swedish |
| Genre(s) | Autobiographical novel |
| Publisher | P. A. Norstedt |
| Publication date | 1981 |
| Media type | Print (Hardback) |
| Pages | 284 pp |
| ISBN | ISBN 91-1-811332-X |
Ondskan is a Swedish novel by Jan Guillou.
Contents |
[edit] Plot summary
Erik Ponti is a fourteen year old boy living in the 1950s Stockholm lower middle class. His sadistic father beats him every day after dinner and on random occasions, his mother seemingly afraid to protest and his six year old brother taking advantage of him. He excels in school; "He ran the fastest and scored the most goals, could take a gargantuan beating, hit with full strength at the first punch and on top of all that he was the superior student in several subjects", which lends him a position as gang leader and favored student of half his teachers. (He compulsively leads the class to rebel against the other half, who beats the students.)
He lives so with violence both at home and at school and begins feeling sympathy and pity towards those he beats, when his life comes tumbling down because of the school gang's criminal activities. Betrayed by those he thought of as his friends, the gang, he is expelled from school and "pre-emptively" expelled from every school in Stockholm by his zealous and influential principal.
He comes home prepared to face his father "for the last time" but is surprisingly sent to a boarding school outside of the city, the expensive and exclusive Stjärnsberg school. Away from his father and everyone who knew him, Erik is determined to make a new life without violence for himself, but the traditions of the school stop him. Unable to abide the abuse of the senior students, who make it their habit to boss around and beat those below them, "especially new and mouthy kids", he begins a spiral of escalating violence and psychological abuse under the nose of unwitting teachers and adults. Noses are broken, threats are uttered, buckets of feces thrown around and Erik spends a cold winter night soaking wet and tied to the ground.
Erik and his friend and roommate Pierre hold in-depth discussions about the nature of evil, the importance of resistance and methods of fighting, while spending summer and winter breaks abroad. Erik develops a forbidden relationship with Marja, a school cook from Savonia, Finland, and wins a swimming trophy in a school championship.
He is thrown out of the swimming team as an attempt to make him follow orders, and begins working out obsessively by weightlifting to vent his frustrations, panicked over the prospect of being expelled if he lays a hand on a senior student. When Pierre surrenders to the abuse directed at him to punish Erik and leaves the school, Erik takes to stalking the woods in disguise at night and systematically breaking the nose and teeth of those responsible, when he finds them alone.
Marja, fired because of the suspicions of her relationship with Erik, sends him a love letter which the principal uses as grounds to have him expelled, but with the aid of Mr. Ekengren, the family lawyer, Erik threatens legal action over the confiscation of his mail and is allowed to finish his last semester in relative peace. Although not before tracking down his chief tormentor, the chairman of the students' council Otto Silverhjelm, alone in the woods and scaring him into hysteric crying and vomiting.
Finishing his basic education with the highest possible grades - barring the lowest possible grade in conduct and behavior - Erik returns home to deal with his father, now that he doesn't need him anymore. . .
[edit] Autobiographical
Jan Guillou has stated that Ondskan is basically a true story. "Some things, like the identity of the love interest, the placing of the swimming pool and such were changed to make the story better. But the stuff you're wondering about - the violence, the crap, the psychological terror - is absolutely true." Indeed the school Guillou went to was scandalized in the newspapers and bankrupted a few years after his graduation, and he speaks in interviews very convincingly of his extensive and personal experience of violence.
[edit] Evil
The word "Ondskan" in Swedish is literally translated as "The Evil", but carries a different meaning than the English word. It's not used as lightly, as it conjures a very powerful image of absolute, inhuman evil beyond imagination. Phonetically, it's related to the English word "Odium", a rare and powerful word carrying meanings of hate and disgust. "Ondskan", in the context of the title of the novel, could be translated as "The quintessence of evil", "The objectified evil", "Evil incarnate" or "The deepest foundation of the concept of evil".
[edit] Characters
Erik Ponti is a teenager hardened by his abusive father, who rebels against anyone who would use their authority to hurt people, fighting with peerless physical and intellectual prowess. He is the autobiographical alter ego of Jan Guillou.
Fyrtornet (Lighthouse) is a grunt in Erik's gang at the beginning of the novel. An outrageously large fourteen year old, he beats up those who owe the gang money and at one point fights Erik for the leadership of the gang.
Farsan (Dad) is a waiter at a high-class restaurant in Stockholm and Erik's father. A sadist who habitually makes up excuses to beat Erik - but never his little brother - and secretly lets his twin large dobermanns loose to kill a small dog who enters his property, for his amusement.
Pierre Tanguy is chubby, weak, cowardly, bespectacled and maybe the most brilliant student ever at Stjärnsberg. He is left alone by bullies who consider him "no challenge", until his friendship with Erik makes him a target. The exception to the rule against teachers abusing students, he is ridiculed by the Nazi history teacher who uses his body to point at examples of "undesirable" qualities.
Otto "Shithelm" Silverhielm gains the highest authority among the students' ranks during Erik's second year at Stjärnsberg, and uses every opportunity to punish his subjects physically. He seems to thoroughly enjoy hitting people, leading to discussions about him being evil, sadistic or a victim of misdirected aggression.
[edit] Trivia
- Ondskan has not been translated into English.
- Erik whispers a threat to Otto that is never explained to any other character nor the reader, although it has a profound effect on Otto.
- Ponti would live on as Guillou's idealized alter ego, later appearing in his Hamilton novels and Tjuvarnas marknad as an honorable and incorruptible journalist.
- Ondskan is one of the most read books in the Swedish language, and the first book that a majority of people who in their teens first become interested in reading, choose to read.
- In 1990 the French edition Fabrique de violence (ISBN 2-909-02749-X) received an award from the French Radio for the best translated novel.
- In 1995 Ondskan was dramatized by Benny Haag from Dramaten.
- In 1998 the Danish Theatre La Balance converted the above play to a 70 minute monologue performed by Thomas W. Gabrielsson.
