Olympus OM system

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The Olympus OM system was a line of 35mm single-lens reflex cameras and their associated lenses and accessories sold by Olympus between 1972 and 2002 (some accessories were sold through early 2003).

Contents

[edit] Camera models

Olympus produced a wide variety of OM camera models over the years. These were divided into two distinct series. Cameras with single-digit model numbers were the professional series, optimised for features and ruggedness rather than ease of use. Two-digit (or more) model numbers, or letters, meant a consumer camera designed for ease of use.

All the consumer-grade models were discontinued after 1992, since the market for manual focus cameras in this segment had dried up. Professional and advanced amateur demand for the high-end models continued, and they were produced until 2002.[1]

Chronology of OM-system cameras[2]
1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s
Model 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2
M-1
OM-1
OM-1 MD
OM-1N
OM-2
OM-2N
OM-2S/SP
OM-3
OM-3Ti
OM-4
OM-4T/Ti chrome
OM-4T/Ti black
OM-10
OM-10 Quartz
OM-20 (OM-G)
OM-30(OM-F}
OM-40 (OM-PC)
OM-77AF (OM-707)
OM-88 (OM-101)

[edit] Professional cameras

[edit] OM-1

Main article: Olympus OM-1

The Olympus OM-1 is a manually operated 35mm single-lens reflex camera forming the ground of the OM system introduced in 1972, at first called the Olympus M-1, Leica disputed this designation and it was changed to OM. It was designed by a team led by Yoshihisa Maitani with a through-the-lens exposure meter controlling a needle visible in the viewfinder. It was noted for its reduction of size, weight and noise. These features were essentially retained on later models.

[edit] OM-2

Main article: Olympus OM-2

Introduced in 1975, the Olympus OM-2 was a semi automatic, aperture priority camera based on the OM-1 body, retaining compatibility with accessories and lenses. It boasts automatic through-the-lens (TTL) off-the-film (OTF) metering: exposure was considered very accurate, calculated by the measured light reflected off the surface of the shutter and/or the film surface during the actual exposure. The camera also offered a manual light-meter mode, as in the OM-1. It also introduces the integration of electronic flash into the exposure system via the same TTL exposure system.

[edit] OM-3

Main article: Olympus OM-3

The OM-3 was an updated version of the OM-1, a manual camera without automatic exposure modes, and an entirely mechanical shutter. It featured a multi-spot metering in addition to the centre weighted metering on the earlier body.

[edit] OM-4

Main article: Olympus OM-4

The Olympus OM-4, an improved version of the OM-2, was manufactured from 1983 to 1987 introduced at US$685 list price for the body alone. It was a battery powered electromechanically controlled manual focus SLR with manual exposure control or aperture priority autoexposure. It used a horizontal cloth focal plane shutter with a speed range of 240 to 1/2000th second plus bulb and flash X-sync of 1/60th second.

It was the first camera with a built-in spot meter[of a narrow angle, see Canon FTb](2% of view; 3.3˚ with 50 mm lens) and could measure nine individual spots and average them. The light meter used a dual concentric segmented silicon photo diode to provide spot or centerweighted readings. It used a graduated linear LCD display for the shutter speed at the bottom of the viewfinder to precisely indicate its readings versus the actual camera settings instead of a needle.

In 1986 it was improved to a tougher OM-4Ti (OM-4T in USA) version, with titanium top and bottom plates, improved weatherproofing and high-speed sync with the flash staying on during the entire shutter operation, losing the light hidden by the curtains. This last version was finally discontinued in 2002.

[edit] Consumer-grade cameras

[edit] OM-10

The OM-10 hit the markets in June 1979 at the same time as the OM-2N. The camera is a 35mm focal-plane shutter aperture priority AE SLR camera with an electronic shutter. Only aperature priority AE was available with the camera unless the optional manual exposure adapter was installed which allowed the setting of shutters speeds between 1 second and 1/1000 of a second (bulb mode is also available on the camera). The camera is equipped with a fixed pentaprism viewfinder which contains an LED exposure indicator. The finder coverage was measured to be 93%.

Exposure control is based on aperture priority AE or center-weighted light metering. Film speeds of the camera range from ASA 25 to ASA 1600. Film winding is done by using the film wind lever located on the top right of the camera. Film rewinding is done manually using the film rewind crank located above the film canister on the top left of the camera. The camera body measures 136 × 83 × 50 mm and weights approximately 430 g.

[edit] OM-20

The OM-20 (sold in the United States as the OM-G) was essentially a bug fixed refinement of the OM-10, the mode switch was made much easier to use than the tricky switch on the OM10. It also has a built in Shutter speed dial, lights in the view finder to show the mode as well as a few more minor design improvements.

[edit] OM-30

Essentially an OM-20 with Auto-focus capability. With a normal lens there are lights in the view finder to help aid the user with focusing, a special Autofocus lens was also available at the time but is now very rare.

[edit] OM-40

A further refinement of the OM-20 with features that are more of interest to most serious photographers. It it has a lighter slightly more modern and ergonomic body design. It also had an early form of Matrix metering and full mirror lock-up when the self timer is switch on, a feature still rarely found in non high end cameras.

[edit] OM-2000

Essentially a Cosina made SLR with an Olympus badge, not considered by many to be a true OM camera.

[edit] Prototype cameras

[edit] OM-X

During the design study of the OM-1, the Olympus design team led by Yoshihisa Maitani had worked on a completely modular camera, like a 35 mm Hasselblad. This camera was built as a prototype, and was called the OM-X.[3]

[edit] Lenses

OM system lenses.
OM system lenses.

The OM Series lenses have the aperture control located on the lens barrel on the opposite side of the focusing ring from the mount. This was done to move it away from the shutter speed control, which is a ring on the camera body immediately behind the lens mount.

The OM lens is designed to sit 46 mm from the film onto which it projects, further away than many other lens systems. The combination of on-lens aperture control and this extra distance make OM lenses adaptable with full (manual) functionality to a variety of other camera systems, including the ubiquitous Canon EOS line with a specialized adapter.

Zuiko lenses specifications[4]
Lens Angle of view Elements - Groups Diaphragm Aperture range Closest focus Smallest field Focusing Weight Length Diameter Hood Filter
8 mm F2.8 Fisheye 180° (circle) 11-7 Auto 2.8~22 0.2m - Straight helicoid 640g 82mm 102mm Not necessary Built-in (L39,Y48, O56,R60)
16 mm F3.5 Fisheye 180° 11-8 Auto 3.5~22 0.2m - Straight helicoid 180g 31mm 59mm Not necessary Built-in

(L39,Y48, O56)

18 mm F3.5 100° 11-9 Auto 3.5-16 0.25m 30x20cm Straight helicoid 250g 42mm 62mm 49mm Adapter Ring 49->72 72mm Screw-in (w.Adapter Ring 49->72)
21 mm F2 92° 11-9 Auto 2-16 0.2m 21x14cm Straight helicoid 250g 43.5mm 60mm 55mm Screw-in [57mm Slide-on] 55mm Screw-in
21 mm F3.5 92° 7-7 Auto 3.5-16 0.2m 21x14cm Straight helicoid 180g 31mm 59mm 49mm Screw-in 49mm Screw-in
24 mm F2 84° 10-8 Auto 2-16 0.25m 23x15cm Straight helicoid 280g 48mm 60mm 55mm Screw-in 55mm Screw-in
24 mm F2.8 84° 8-7 Auto 2.8-16 0.25m 23x15cm Straight helicoid 180g 31m 59mm 49mm Screw-in 49mm Screw-in
24 mm F3.5 Shift 84° (100° at max. shift) 12-10 Manual 3.5-22 0.35m 36x24cm Rotating cam(Inner focus) 510g 75mm 84mm Fixed Built-in (neutral, Y48,O56, R60)
28 mm F2 75° 9-8 Auto 2-16 0.3m 27x18cm Straight helicoid 250g 43mm 60mm 49mm Screw-in 49mm Screw-in
28 mm F2.8 75° 6-6 Auto 2.8-22 0.3m 18x27cm Straight helicoid 170g 32mm 60mm 49mm Screw-in 49mm Screw-in
28 mm F3.5 75° 7-7 Auto 3.5-16 0.3m 18x27cm Straight helicoid 180g 31mm 59mm 49mm Screw-in 49mm Screw-in
35 mm F2 63° 8-7 Auto 2-16 0.3m 21x14cm Straight helicoid 240g 42mm 60mm 55mm Screw-in 55mm Screw-in
35 mm F2.8 63° 7-6 Auto 2.8-16 0.3m 21x14cm Straight helicoid 180g 33mm 59mm 51mm Slide-on 49mm Screw-in
35 mm F2.8 Shift 63° (83° at max. shift) 8-7 Manual 2.8-22 0.3m 21x14cm Straigh helicoid 310g 58mm 68mm 49mm Screw-in 49mm Screw-in
40 mm F2 56° 6-6 Auto 2-16 0.3m 18x12cm Straight helicoid 140g 25mm 60mm 49mm Screw-in 49mm

Screw-in

50 mm F1.2 47° 7-6 Auto 1.2-16 0.45m 24x16cm. Straight helicoid 285g 43mm. 65mm. 51mm Slide-on 49mm Screw-in
50 mm F1.4 47° 7-6 Auto 1.4-16 0.45m 24x16cm Straight helicoid 230g 36mm [40mm] 60mm 51mm Slide-on 49mm Screw-in
50 mm F1.8 47° 6-5

[6-4]

Auto 1.8-16 0.45m 24x16cm Straight helicoid 170g [165g] 31mm [32mm] 59mm [61mm] 51mm Slide-on 49mm Screw-in
50 mm F2Macro 47° 9-7 Auto 2-16 0.24m 7.2x4.8cm Straight helicoid 320g 55mm 69mm Not necessary 55mm Screw-in
50 mm F3.5Macro 47° 5-4 Auto 3.5-22 0.23m 7.2x4.8cm Straight helicoid 200g 40mm 60mm Not necessary 49mm Screw-in
55 mm F1.2 43° 7-6 Auto 1.2-16 0.45m 23x15cm Straight helicoid 310g 47mm 65mm 57mm Slide-on 55mm Screw-in
85 mm F2 29° 6-4

[5-4]

Auto 2-16 0.85m 25x17cm Straight helicoid 260g 46mm 60mm 49mm Screw-in 49mm Screw-in
90 mm F2Macro 27° 9-9 Auto 2-22 0.4m 7.2x4.8cm Straight helicoid 550g 71mm 72mm 57mm Slide-on 55mm Screw-in
100 mm F2 24° 7-6 Auto 2-22 0.7m 18x12cm Straight helicoid 520g 72mm 70mm Built-in 55mm Screw-in
100 mm F2.8 24° 5-5 Auto 2.8-22 1m 29x19cm Straight helicoid 230g 48mm 60mm 49mm Screw-in 49mm Screw-in
135 mm F2.8 18° 5-5 Auto 2.8-22 1.5m 32x21cm Straight helicoid 360g 80mm 61mm Built-in 55mm Screw-in
135 mm F3.5 18° 5-4 Auto 3.5-22 1.5m 32x21cm Straight helicoid 290g 73mm 60mm Built-in 49mm Screw-in
180 mm F2 14° 10-8 Auto 2-22 1.6m 25x17cm Rotating cam (Inner focus) 1900g 174mm 113mm Built-in 100mm Screw-in
180 mm F2.8 14° 5-5 Auto 2.8-32 2m 32x21cm Straight helicoid 700g 124mm 80mm Built-in 72mm Screw-in
200 mm F4 12° 5-4 Auto 4-32 2.5m 36x24cm Straight helicoid 510g 127mm 67mm Built-in 55mm Screw-in
200 mm F5 12° 6-5 Auto 5-32 2.5m 36x25cm Straight helicoid 380g 105mm 62mm Built-in 49mm Screw-in
250 mm F2 10° 12-9 Auto 2-22 2.2m 25x17cm Rotating cam (Inner focus) 3900g 246mm 142mm Built-in Slip-in (46mm rear filter)
300 mm F4.5 6-4 Auto 4.5-32 3.5m 33x22cm Straight helicoid 1100g (1020g w o tripod collar) 181mm 80mm Built-in 72mm

Screw-in

350 mm F2.8 9-7 Auto 2.8-32 3m 25x17cm Rotating cam (Inner focus) 3900g 280mm 142mm Built-in Slip-in (46mm rear filter)
400 mm F6.3 5-5 Auto 6.3-32 5m 36x24cm Straight helicoid 1300g 255mm 80mm Built-in 72mm Screw-in
500 mm F8Reflex 5-2 - Single aperture of F8 4m 28x19cm Straight helicoid 590g 97mm 81mm Built-in 72mm Screw-in
600 mm F6.5 6-4 Auto 6.5-32 11m 55x37cm Rack and pinion 2800g 377mm 110mm Built-in 100mm Screw-in
1000 mm F11 2.5° 5-5 Auto 11-45 30m 98x65cm Rack and pinion 4000g [4150g] 662mm 110mm Built-in 100mm Screw-in
28-48 mm F4 75°-49° 8-8 Auto 4-22 0.65m 74x49cm(28mm) 46x31cm(48mm) Rotating helicoid 300g 54mm (at 48mm setting) 65mm 55mm Screw-in 49mm Screw-in
35-70 mm F3.5-4.5 63°~34° 9-8 Auto 3.5-22 0.45m 21.7x14.5cm (close focus, 70mm) Rotating helicoid 190g 51mm 62mm 51mm Slip-on 49mm Screw-in
35-70 mm F3.5-4.8 63°~34° 7-7 Auto 3.5-22(35mm) 4.8-32(70mm) 0.4m 22x15cm Straight helicoid 185g 65mm 63mm 52mm Screw-in 52mm Screw-in
35-70 mm F3.6 63°-34° 10-8 Auto 3.6-22 0.8m 72x48cm(35mm) 37.5x25cm(70mm) Straight helicoid 400g 74mm 67mm 60mm Slide-on 55mm Screw-in
35-70 mm F4 64°-34° 7-7 Auto 4-22 0.75m 72x48cm(35mm) 36x24cm(70mm) Straight helicoid 385g 71mm 69mm 57mm Slide-on 55mm Screw-in
35-70 mm F4 Auto Focus 63°~34° 9-8 Auto 4-22 0.75m 72x48cm(35mm) 36x24cm(70mm) Rotating helicoid 550g (w o batteries) 70mm 92mm 55mm Screw-in 55mm Screw-in
35-80 mm F2.8 63°-30° 16-14 Auto 2.8-22 0.6m 62x41cm(35mm) 31x20cm(80mm) rotating focusing helicoid, rotating cam zoomring 650g 99mm 69mm Bayonet mount 62mm Screw-in
35-105 mm F3.5-4.5 63°-23° 16-12 Auto 3.5-22(35mm) 4.5-22(105mm) 1.5m (0.31m at close focus) 129x86cm(35mm) 45x30cm(105mm) close focus: 18x12cm(35mm) 25x17cm(105mm) rotating focusing helicoid and push-pull zoomring 470g 85mm 64mm 55mm Screw-in 55mm Screw-in
50-250 mm F5 47°-10° 13-10 Auto 5-32 1.80m (1.53m at 250mm, close focus) 103x69cm(50mm) 22x14cm(250mm) rotating focusing helicoid and push-pull zoomring 780g 140mm 72mm Built-in 55mm Screw-in
65-200 mm F4 37°-12° 14-11 Auto 4-32 1.2m (0.85m at close focus, 200mm) 48x32cm(65mm) 17x11cm(200mm) 12x8cm(200mm, close focus) rotating focusing helicoid and push-pull zoomring 730g 147mm 71mm Built-in 55mm Screw-in
70-210 mm F4.5-5.6 34°-11° 10-7 Auto 4.5-22(70mm) 5.6-28(210mm) 1.14m  ? Straight helicoid 335g 103mm 63mm 52mm Screw-in 52mm Screw-in
75-150 mm F4 32°-16° 15-11 Auto 4-22 1.6m 64x42cm(75mm) 32x21cm(150mm) Revolving helicoid 440g 115mm 63mm Built-in 49mm Screw-in
85-250 mm F5 29°-10° 15-11 Auto 5-32 2m 66x44cm(85mm) 23x15cm(250mm) Revolving helicoid 890g 196mm 70mm Built-in 55mm Screw-in
100-200 mm F5 24°-12° 9-6 Auto 5-32 2.4m 69x46cm(100mm) 37x25cm(200mm) rotating focusing helicoid and push-pull zoomring 570g 148mm 63mm Built-in 49mm Screw-in
20 mm F2 9° at highest magnifi-cation 6-4 Auto 2-16 - 0.86x0.57cm(4.2x) 0.26x0.18cm(13.6x) with Auto Bellows, 65~116, Auto Extension Tube 14, 15; fine focusing straight helicoid built-in 170g 46mm 60mm not necessary -
20 mm F3.5 9° at highest magnifi-cation 4-3 Manual 3.5-16 - 0.84x0.56cm(4.3x) 0.29x0.19cm(12.4x) with Auto Bellows 70g 20mm 32mm Not necessary 21mm Slide-on
38 mm F2.8 9° athighest magnifi-cation 6-4 Auto 2.8-22 - 0.21x0.14cm(1.7x) 0.54x0.36cm(6.7x) with Auto Bellows, 65~116, Auto Extension Tube 14, 15; fine focusing straight helicoid built-in. 170g 46mm 60mm Not necessary -
38 mm F3.5 9° at highest magnification 5-4 Manual 3.5-16 - 0.20x0.13cm(1.8x) 0.59x0.39cm(6.1x) with Auto Bellows 90g 28mm 43mm Not necessary 32mm Slide-on
80 mm F4 (Manual) 9° at highest magnifi-cation 6-4 Manual 4-22 - 7.20x4.80cm(2.3x) 1.80x1.20cm(2.0x) with Auto Bellows 200g 46mm 59mm Not necessary 49mm Screw-in
80 mm F4 (Auto) 9° athighest magnifi-cation 6-4 Auto 4-32 0.23m 7.20x4.80cm(2.3x) 1.80x1.20cm(2.0x) with Auto Bellows, 65~116; fine focusing straight helicoid built-in 170g 33mm 60mm not necessary 49mm Screw-in
135 mm F4.5 18° 5-4 Auto 4.5-45 0.6m 7.2x4.8cm with Auto Bellows, 65~116; fine focusing straight helicoid built-in 320g 47mm 60mm 57mm Slide-on 55mm Screw-in
24 mm F2.8AF 84° 8-7 Automatic control on camerabody 2.8-22 0.25m 24x16cm Driven by AF/PF coupler on camera body 170g 32mm 62mm Built-in 49mm Screw-in
28 mm F2.8AF 75° 6-6 Automatic control on camera body 2.8-22 0.3m 27x18cm Driven by AF/PF coupler on camera body 170g 32mm 62mm Built-in 49mm Screw-in
50 mm F1.8AF 47° 6-5 Automatic control on camera body 1.8-22 0.45m 24x16cm Driven by AF/PF coupler on camera body 170g 32mm 62mm Built-in 49mm Screw-in
50 mm F2PF 47° 6-4 Automatic control on camera body 2-22 0.45m 24x16cm Driven by PF coupler on camera body 150g 37mm 64mm Slide-on 49mm

Screw-in

50 mm F2.8AF Macro 47° 8-7 Automatic controlon camera body 2.8-32 0.2m 3.6x2.4cm Driven by AF/PF coupler on camera body 340g 57mm 66mm Built-in 49mm Screw-in
28-85 mm F3.5-4.5AF 75°-29° 14-11 Automatic control on camera body 3.5-22(28mm) 4.5-27(85mm) 0.8m (at close focus: 0.6m) 85x57cm(28mm) 22x15cm(85mm) Driven by AF/PF coupler on camera body 480g 84mm 69mm Slide-on 55mm Screw-in
35-70 mm F3.5-4.5AF 63°-34° 9-8 Automatic control on camera body 3.5-22(35mm) 4.5-32(70mm) 0.75m (at close focus: 0.45m) 40.4x27cm(35mm) 21.7x14.5cm(70mm, close focus) Driven by AF/PF coupler on camera body 250g 53mm 69mm Slide-on 49mm

Screw-in

35-70 mm F3.5-4.5PF 63°-34° 9-8 Automatic control on camera body 3.5-22(35mm) 4.5-32(70mm) 0.75m (at close focus 0.45m) 40.4x27cm(35mm) 21.7x14.5cm(70mm, close focus) Driven by PF coupler on camera body 250g 53mm 69mm Slide-on 49mm Screw-in
35-105 mm F3.5-4.5AF 63°-23° 14-13 Automatic control on camera body 3.5-22(35mm) 4.5-27(105mm) 1.5m (at close focus: 0.85m) 129x86cm(35mm) 22x14cm(105mm, close focus) Driven by AF/PF coupler on camera body 460g 84mm 69mm Slide-on 55mm Screw-in
70-210 mm F3.5-4.5AF 34°-11° 12-9 Automatic control on camera body 3.5-22(70mm) 4.5-32(210mm) 1.5m (at close focus: 1.35m) 52x34cm(70mm) 18x12cm(210mm, close focus) Driven by AF/PF coupler on camera body 790g 125mm 76mm Slide-on 55mm Screw-in

[edit] Accessories

Being a system, Olympus made numerous accessories to get a professional usage of the OM cameras: portrait, photo journalism, sport photography, scientific photography.[5]

  • motor drives and exchangeable camera back for 250 exposures
  • lighting: dedicated flashes, shoes, cords, connectors, power sources, adapters and filters
  • interchangeable focusing screens instead of bulkier exchangeable finders
  • macrophotography: extension tubes, stands & bases, lightings and accessories
  • microphotography: systems and connecting, focusing, automatic and manual exposure units
  • technical photograph: data recording backs, endoscope and astrophotography adapters,
  • cases, grips, cable release, battery holders

[edit] References

  1. ^ Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (January 17, 2002). ""OM system" 35 mm single lens reflex cameras sales terminated". Press release. Retrieved on 2006-08-17.
  2. ^ Hawkins, R. Lee (2003-08-11). What years were the various OM cameras produced?. Olympus OM SLR FAQ. Retrieved on 2006-08-17.
  3. ^ Kouichi Akagi. "interview with Yoshihisa Maitani". Asahi Camera magazine (March 2002). 
  4. ^ Unofficial Olympus OM Sales Information File, Hans van Veluwen
  5. ^ Olympus OM-1(n) & OM-2 (n) SLR cameras, Rick Oleson, Bruce hamm, Simon Evans & Mark Dapoz; Photography in Malaysia

[edit] External links

[edit] See also