Olympia, Washington
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| City of Olympia | |||
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| Coordinates: | |||
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| Country | United States | ||
| State | Washington | ||
| County | Thurston | ||
| Incorporated | January 28, 1859 | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Doug Mah | ||
| Area | |||
| - Total | 18.5 sq mi (48.0 km²) | ||
| - Land | 16.7 sq mi (43.3 km²) | ||
| - Water | 1.8 sq mi (4.7 km²) | ||
| Elevation | 95 ft (29 m) | ||
| Population (2000) | |||
| - Total | 42,514 | ||
| - Density | 2,544.4/sq mi (982.3/km²) | ||
| Time zone | Pacific (UTC-8) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | Pacific (UTC-7) | ||
| ZIP codes | 98500-98599 | ||
| Area code(s) | 360 | ||
| FIPS code | 53-51300[1] | ||
| GNIS feature ID | 1533353[2] | ||
| Website: www.ci.olympia.wa.us | |||
Olympia is the capital of the U.S. state of Washington and is the county seat of Thurston County.[3] It was incorporated on January 28, 1859. The population was 42,514 at the 2000 census. Olympia is a major cultural center of the Puget Sound region.
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[edit] History of Olympia
The site of Olympia was home to Lushootseed-speaking peoples for thousands of years, including Squaxin, Nisqually, Puyallup, Chehalis, Suquamish, and Duwamish. The first recorded visit by Europeans was in 1792 when Peter Puget and a crew from the British Vancouver Expedition charted the site. In the 1840s, Edmund Sylvester and Levi Smith jointly claimed the land that now comprises downtown Olympia. In 1853 the town settled on the name Olympia due to its view of the Olympic Mountains to the northwest. It is also claimed to be the farthest point on The Oregon Trail.
In 1851, the U.S. Congress established the Customs District of Puget Sound for Washington Territory and Olympia became the home of the customs house. Olympia is often associated with the Olympia Brewing Company, which from 1896-2003 brewed Olympia Beer.
Olympia was once served by a small fleet of steamboats known as the Puget Sound Mosquito Fleet.
Pulp fiction writer Raymond Chandler sketchily described depression-era Olympia as a town with government buildings in his 1936 short story "Goldfish".
A 1949 earthquake damaged many historic buildings beyond repair, and they were demolished. Olympia suffered damage from earthquake tremors, in 1965 and the 2001 Nisqually earthquake.
In 1967, the state legislature approved the creation of The Evergreen State College near Olympia. Because of the college's presence, Olympia has become a hub for artists and musicians, and was recently named one of the best college towns in the nation for its vibrant downtown and access to outdoor activities.[4]
[edit] Geography and Climate
Olympia is located at (47.042418, -122.893077).[5]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 18.5 square miles (48.0 km²), of which, 16.7 square miles (43.3 km²) of it is land and 1.8 square miles (4.7 km²) of it (9.77%) is water.
The city of Olympia is located at the southern end of Puget Sound on Budd Inlet. The Deschutes River estuary at Olympia has been dammed to create Capitol Lake. Much of the lower area of downtown Olympia sits on reclaimed land.
The climate of Olympia is a Marine West Coast climate with warm summers and mild, rainy winters. Snow falls annually, but large accumulations are rare.
| Monthly Normal and Record High and Low Temperatures[6] | ||||||||||||
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rec High °F (°C) | 64 (17.7) | 73 (22.7) | 79 (26.1) | 87 (30.5) | 96 (35.5) | 101 (38.3) | 103 (39.4) | 104 (40) | 98 (36.6) | 90 (32.2) | 74 (23.3) | 64 (17.7) |
| Norm High °F (°C) | 44.4 (6.8) | 48.3 (9.0) | 53 (11.6) | 58.2 (14.5) | 64.6 (18.1) | 70 (21.1) | 76.1 (24.5) | 77 (25) | 71.7 (22.0) | 60.4 (15.7) | 49.6 (9.7) | 43.8 (6.5) |
| Norm Low °F (°C) | 31.8 (-0.1) | 32.6 (0.3) | 34.1 (1.2) | 36.5 (2.5) | 42 (5.5) | 46.4 (8) | 49.6 (9.7) | 49.5 (9.7) | 44.9 (7.2) | 38.9 (3.8) | 35.3 (1.8) | 32.1 (0.0) |
| Rec Low °F (°C) | -8 (-22.2) | -1 (-18.3) | 9 (-12.7) | 23 (-5) | 25 (-3.8) | 30 (-1.1) | 35 (1.6) | 33 (0.5) | 25 (-3.8) | 14 (-10) | -1 (-18.3) | -7 (-21.6) |
| Precip in. (mm) | 7.54 (191.5) | 6.17 (156.7) | 5.29 (134.4) | 3.58 (90.9) | 2.27 (57.6) | 1.78 (45.2) | 0.82 (20.8) | 1.1 (27.9) | 2.03 (51.6) | 4.19 (106.4) | 8.13 (206.5) | 7.89 (200.4) |
[edit] Demographics
As of the census[1] of 2000, there were 42,514 people, 18,670 households, and 9,968 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,544.4 people per square mile (982.3/km²). There were 19,738 housing units at an average density of 1,181.3/sq mi (456.1/km²). The ethnic makeup of the city is 85.26% White, 1.90% African American, 1.30% Native American, 5.82% Asian, 0.29% Pacific Islander, 1.68% from other cultural backgrounds, and 3.76% from two or more ethnicities. 4.38% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any ethnicities. 15.0% were of German, 11.3% Irish, 10.0% English, 6.0% Norwegian and 5.3% American ancestry according to Census 2000. 91.6% spoke English, 2.9% Spanish and 1.7% Vietnamese as their first language.
There were 18,670 households out of which 26.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.6% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.6% were non-families. 35.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.88.
In the city, the population was spread out with 21.5% under the age of 18, 11.9% from 18 to 24, 30.4% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $40,846, and the median income for a family was $54,136. Males had a median income of $41,267 versus $31,515 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,590. About 6.9% of families and 12.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.4% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.
[edit] Capital of Washington State
- See also: :Category:Government of Washington
Olympia serves as the capital for the State of Washington. The bicameral Washington State Legislature is composed of a lower House of Representatives and an upper State Senate. The state is divided into 49 legislative districts of equal population, each of which elects two representatives and one senator. Representatives serve two-year terms, whilst senators serve for four years. There are no term limits. Currently, the Democratic Party holds majorities in both chambers.
Washington's executive branch is headed by a governor elected for a four-year term. The current governor is Christine Gregoire, a Democrat who has been in office since 2005.
[edit] Schools and Universities
Olympia's main public school district is the Olympia School District. Olympia School District enrolled 9,231 students in K-12, based on the 2005-06 school year enrollment report. The school district has a total of 18 schools: 11 elementary schools, 4 middle schools and 3 high schools. Its high schools are Olympia High School (originally known as William Winlock Miller High School), Capital High School, and Avanti High School.
In addition to primary schools Olympia has a number of institutions of higher learning, including The Evergreen State College, South Puget Sound Community College, and St. Martin's University in adjacent Lacey, Washington.
Private elementary schools include: Olympia Waldorf School, St. Michael School, Holy Family, and Evergreen Christian. There are plans for a new Catholic high school to be built in the area soon as well.
NOVA School is an independent middle school that resides within Olympia as well.
[edit] The Arts
Olympia is a regional center for fine arts. A number of theater experiences are available with companies such as Capital Playhouse , Olympia family Theater,Theater Artists Olympia (TAO), Olympia Little Theater, and Harlequin Productions at the historic State Theater. The Olympia Symphony Orchestra performs five regular season concerts at the Washington Center and two pop concerts. Many of the city's venues offer exceptional quality entertainment.
Each year the Olympia Film Society (OFS) produces a nationally-recognized film festival and fosters film and video education in Olympia. It also shows independent, classic and international films year-round at the art-deco Capitol Theater. A mostly volunteer-powered organization, OFS supports and presents a variety of culture events, including All Freakin' Night, an all-night horror film screening with a cult following.
Each year, Olympia hosts the Procession of the Species parade in the Spring. This popular family parade features many members of the community dressed as the various species of the earth.
[edit] Rail Transportation
Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides service to Olympia-Lacey. Amtrak train 11, the southbound Coast Starlight, departs Olympia at 11:21am with service to Centralia, Portland, Sacramento, Emeryville, California (with bus connection to San Francisco), and Los Angeles. Amtrak train 14, the northbound Coast Starlight, departs Olympia at 6:22pm daily with service to Tacoma and Seattle. Amtrak Cascades trains, operating as far north as Vancouver and as far south as Eugene, Oregon, serve Olympia-Lacey several times daily in both directions.
[edit] Famous Residents
Olympia is remarkable for the number of creative individuals who have made Olympia their home. They include many musicians (such as Kurt Cobain, who wrote most of Nirvana's Nevermind while living in Olympia), cartoonists, actors, political activists and several athletes. A great number of influential politicians have also lived in Olympia, due to its location as the Washington state capital. Ted Nugent has a house there as well as Bob Barker and George Munro.[citation needed] The band Sleater-Kinney is from Olympia and took its name from Sleater-Kinney Road, which briefly passes through the eastern part of the city.
[edit] Sister City
Olympia has one sister city – Kato, Japan. There were previous agreements with Olympia, Greece and Samarkand, Uzbekistan but these are no longer in effect.[7] On April 18, 2007, the City Council voted against adopting the Gaza Strip town Rafah as sister city. [8]
[edit] Artesian Water
Olympia was historically dependent on artesian waters. Early settlers in Swantown and Tumwater used artesian springs for their main water supply. The artesian spring at Fourth Avenue and Main Street (now called Capitol Way) was the main community well where settlers gathered to socialize. The Diamond Parking lot at Fourth Avenue and Jefferson Street is active, located in the parking lot of The Manium (421 4th Street). Another still flows at the corner of Olympia Avenue and Washington Street in the Bigelow Neighborhood. The northeast end of Capitol Lake was the location of an artesian well until the creation of the lake. McAllister Springs, the main water source for Olympia, is fed by artesian wells, and the former Olympia Brewery is supplied by 26 artesian wells.[9]
[edit] Fictional References
Master pulp fiction writer Raymond Chandler once sent his pre-Philip Marlowe sleuth Carmady to Olympia, in 1936 set short story "Goldfish". Depression-era town with government buildings sketchily described. The yarn ends violently on the extreme tip of Olympic Peninsula, in prohibition time, a smugglers' nest, the fictional Westport.
The band Hole wrote and recorded a song called "Olympia" (aka "Rock Star") on their album Live Through This (1994). The band Rancid wrote and recorded a song called "Olympia, WA" on their album ...And Out Come the Wolves (1995); this song was later (2003) covered by the band NoFX.
[edit] See Also
- The Evergreen State College - Higher education institution in Olympia
- Capitol LakeFair - Annual festival in Olympia
- Olympia Airport - Located in Olympia
- Capital City Pride - Community Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgendered (GLBT) Festival
- CommonAction - Nonprofit organization located in Olympia
- Olympia music scene
- Music of Washington
- Cascadia
- Port Militarization Resistance
- Bigelow Neighborhood
- Bigelow House
- Capital High School (Washington)
- Olympia High School (Washington)
- Media Island An alternative media center in Olympia
[edit] References
- ^ a b American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ US Board on Geographic Names. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ Find a County. National Association of Counties. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ (2003) Outside Magazine.
- ^ US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990. United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ Olympia's normal and record temperatures according to Ustravelweather.com
- ^ Information on Olympia's former sister cities
- ^ Olympia city council votes against adopting Rafah as a sister city
- ^ Friends of Artesians. "Historic locations.". Retrieved on 2007-07-02.
[edit] External Links
- Olympia, Washington is at coordinates Coordinates:
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