User:Oldefarquer/SMART Recovery

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SMART Recovery (Self Management and Recovery Training) is an international non-profit organization which provides assistance to individuals seeking abstinence from addictive behaviors. The approach used is secular and science-based using non-confrontational motivational, behavioral and cognitive methods. Substance/activity dependence is viewed by the organization as a dysfunctional habit (rather than a disease), while allowing that it is possible that certain people have a predisposition towards addictive behavior. [16]

1 Methodology
2 Meetings
3 History and Organization
4 Recognition
5 See Also
6 References
7 Further Reading
8 External Links

[edit] Methodology

The program uses principles found in Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) [13], and techniques taken from Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), particularly in the version called Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), as well as scientifically validated research on treatment. [12]

The organization's program emphasizes four areas (called the Four Points) in the process of Recovery: Building Motivation, Coping with Urges, Problem Solving, and Lifestyle Balance.[17] The "SMART Toolbox" is a collection of various MET, CBT and REBT methods (or "tools") which address the Four Points. [15]

The program does not use the 12-Steps which make up the basis of the various "Anonymous" self-help groups (e.g. AA, NA, etc.) and is generally found listed on the web as an "Alternative to AA" and an "Alternative to the 12-Steps". [14][18]

[edit] Meetings

Approximately 365 weekly group meetings led by volunteer facilitators are held worldwide [6]. In addition, the organization provides online resources and support to the volunteers and those attending the groups and one or more daily online meetings [8]. The meetings are free and open to all wishing to attend.[17]

Meetings are also held in correctional facilities in many states including: Arizona, California, Florida, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and Wisconsin.[7]

[edit] History and Organization

Incorporated in 1992 as the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Self-Help Network (ADASHN), the organization began operating under the SMART Recovery name in 1994.[19][20]

General operations are overseen by a volunteer Board of Directors[10] with review from an International Advisory Council of experts[11]. Local groups are run by volunteers known as "Facilitators” with the assistance of volunteer recovery professionals called "Volunteer Advisors". A central office is currently maintained in Mentor, Ohio.

[edit] Recognition

SMART is recognized by the American Academy of Family Physicians[2], as well as the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)[3] and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)[4]. NIDA and NIAAA are agencies of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. [5]

[edit] See Also

Addiction recovery groups

Alcoholism

Cognitive Behavior Therapy

Drug addiction

REBT

[edit] References

[1] Source - http://www.jointogether.org/news/research/pressreleases/2007/religiosity-and-participation.html

[2] Source - http://www.aafp.org/afp/20030401/1535ph.html

[3] Source - http://www.drugabuse.gov/PODAT/PODAT6.html#FAQ9

[4] Source - https://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/referrals.aspx?topic=83&h=resources

[5] Source - http://www.smartrecovery.org/links/recognized.htm

[6] As of August 2007 - Source SMART Central office. This includes international groups in 7 countries.

[7] Some meetings of SMART Recovery are held in correctional facilities - source SMART Central Office

[8] Source - http://www.smartrecovery.org/meetings/olschedule.htm

[9] Source - http://www.smartrecovery.org/meetings_db/view/

[10] Source - http://www.smartrecovery.org/resources/pdfs/bod2007c.pdf

[11] Source - http://www.smartrecovery.org/resources/pdfs/iacroster2007.pdf

[12] Source - Hester & Miller, 1995 (Handbook of Alcoholism Treatment Approaches: Effective Alternatives)

[13] Source - Miller, W.R., Zweben, A., DiClemente, C. C., & Rychtarik, R.G. Motivational Enhancement Therapy Manual: A Clinical Research Guide for Therapists Treating Individuals With Alcohol Abuse and Dependence. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Project MATCH Monograph Series, Vol. 2. National Institute of Health [Publicaation No. 94-3723], 1995.

[14] Miller, W. R., & Kurtz, E. (1994). Models of alcoholism used in treatment: Contrasting A.A. and other perspectives with which it is often confused. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 55, 159-166.

[15] Brooks, A. J., & Penn, P. E. (2003). Comparing treatments for dual diagnosis: Twelve-Step and Self Management and Recovery Training. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 29(2), 359–383.

[16] Horvath, A.T. (2000) Smart Recovery®: Addiction Recovery Support from a Cognitive-Behavioral Perspective, Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, Volume 18, Number 3 / September, 2000, 181-191

[17] “Addiction & Recovery for Dummies” by B R Shaw, P Ritvo and J Irvine from Wiley Publishing, 2005 pp 176-177

[18] Joseph Volpicelli, Maia Szalavitz Recovery Options: The Complete Guide Wiley (April 7, 2000) ISBN 047134575X pp 149-151

[19] Source - http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1374/is_1_60/ai_59021330/pg_3

[20] Circles of Recovery: Self-help Organizations for Addictions By Keith Humphreys Cambridge University Press (2003) pp 82-86 ISBN 0521792770

[edit] Further Reading

Beck AT et al. Cognitive Therapy Of Substance Abuse. Guilford, NY. 1993 ISBN 1572306599
Berg IK & Miller SD. Working With the Problem Drinker: A Solution-Focused Approach. WW Norton, NY. 1992 ISBN 0393701344
Bishop FM. Managing Addictions: Cognitive, Emotive, and Behavioral Techniques. Jason Aronson, Northvale, NJ. 2001* ISBN 0765702673
Brown JM. "Self-Regulation and the Addictive Behaviors." in Treating Addictive Behaviors, 2nd ed. Miller WR & Heather N. eds. Plenum Press, NY. 1998 ISBN 0306458527
Dorsman J. How To Quit Drinking Without AA. 2nd Ed. Prima Press, Rocklin, CA. 1997 ISBN 978-0-7615-1290-5
Ellis A. & Velten E. Rational Steps To Quitting Alcohol: When AA Doesn't Work For You. Barricade Books, NY. 1992 ISBN 0942637534
Fletcher AM. Alcohol treatment: when faith-based options aren't enough. The Humanist. p.14-5. Nov/Dec, 2001* http://www.thehumanist.org/humanist/articles/Fletcher.html
Fletcher AM. Sober For Good:New Solutions For Drinking Problems-Advice From Those Who Have Succeeded. Houghton Mifflin, Boston. 2001* ISBN 0618219072
Gerstein J. "Rational Recovery, SMART Recovery and non-twelve step recovery programs." In Principles Of Addiction Medicine, 2nd ed. American Society of Addiction Medicine, Chevy Chase, 1998* ISBN 1880425084
Hester RK & Miller WR. Handbook of Alcoholism Treatment Approaches:Effective Alternatives. Allyn & Bacon, NY. 2002 ISBN 0205360645
Horvath AT. Sex, Drugs, Gambling, & Chocolate: A Workbook For Overcoming Addictions. Impact, San Luis Obispo, CA, 2nd. Edition, 2005* ISBN 1886230552
Mattson ME. "Finding the Right Approach." in Miller WR & Heather N. Treating Addictive Behaviors. 2nd ed. Plenum Press, NY. 1998 ISBN 0306458527
Miller WR & Rollnick S. Motivational Interviewing: Preparing People For Change. 2nd ed. Guilford, NY. 2002 ISBN 1572305630
Myers PL. "Beware of the Man of One Book": Processing ideology in addictions education. J of Teaching in the Addictions. 2002; 1:69-90
Prochaska J, et al. Changing For Good. Avon Books, NY. 1994 ISBN 0688112633
Schaler J. Addiction Is A Choice. Open Court, Chicago. 2000* ISBN 081269404X
Volpicelli J & Szalavitz M. Recovery Options: The Complete Guide. John Wiley,NY. 2000* ISBN 047134575X
Vuchinich RE & Tucker JA. "Choice, Behavioral Economics, and Addictive Behavior Patterns." in Treating Addictive Behaviors ISBN 0306458527
Whittinghill D., et al. The benefits of a self-efficacy approach to substance abuse counseling in the era of managed care. J Addictions & Offender Counseling. 2000; 20:64-74