Okinawan cuisine
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Okinawan cuisine is the cuisine of the Japanese island of Okinawa. Because of the difference in culture, climate, vegetables and other ingredients between Okinawa and mainland Japan, the Okinawan cuisine is very different from the Japanese cuisine.
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[edit] History
Ryukyuan cuisine incorporated influence from Chinese cuisine and Southeast Asian cuisine due to trade. The sweet potato, introduced in Okinawa in 1605, became a staple food in Okinawa from then until the beginning of the 20th century. An article about Okinawan food written by Kikkoman stated that Goya (bitter melon) and Nabera (luffa or towel gourd) were "likely" introduced to Okinawa from Southeast Asia. Since Ryukyu had served as a tributary state to China, Ryukyuan cooks traveled to Fujian Province to learn how to cook Chinese food; Chinese influence seeped into Okinawa in that manner. The same Kikkoman article states that the method of distillation of awamori likely originated from Siam (Thailand) and traveled to Okinawa during the 15th Century. After the lord of the Kagoshima Domain invaded the Ryukyus Okinawan cooks traveled to Japan to study Japanese cuisine, causing that influence to seep into Okinawan cuisine.[1]
Since Okinawans traditionally practiced shamanistic religion and did not encounter Buddhist influence, pork and goat meat formed traditional parts of the Okinawan diet while people on the main Japanese islands did not eat much meat until the mid-19th century. Okinawan sayings include the phrase that Okinawan cuisine "begins with pig and ends with pig" and "every part of a pig can be eaten except its hooves and its oink."[1]
The cuisine has evolved in modern times, especially because of the American military presence on Okinawa since the end of World War II.[citation needed]
[edit] Ingredients
- Meat and meat products
- Fruit and vegetables
- Gōya/Bitter melon
- Hechima/Luffa
- Shekwasha
- Bean products
- Tofuyō
- Rice products
[edit] Common Okinawan dishes
[edit] Main dishes
[edit] Side dishes
- Umi-budō
- Hirayachi
[edit] Alcoholic beverages
[edit] Health benefits
Okinawans eat low-fat, low-salt foods, such as fish, tofu, and seaweed. Okinawans are known for their longevity. Five times as many Okinawans live to be 100 than the rest of Japan, and the Japanese are the longest lived nationality in the world. [2]
The belief that an Okinawan diet offers health benefits, especially longevity, has become popular in western countries in recent years. Modern Okinawan cuisine differs significantly from the traditional one - Spam, for example, is a new addition to the range of ingredients.
[edit] References
- ^ a b "Food Forum Okinawa." Kikkoman.
- ^ National Geographic magazine, June 1993
[1] http://mdn.mainichi-msn.co.jp/waiwai/archive/news/2006/06/20060607p2g00m0dm024000c.html
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