Ohio State Penitentiary
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The Ohio State Penitentiary is a 502-inmate capacity supermax prison in Youngstown, Ohio, designed to hold the state's most dangerous prisoners who have poor conduct records. Throughout the last two centuries, there have been two institutions with the name Ohio Penitentiary or Ohio State Penitentiary; the first prison was in Columbus, Ohio.
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[edit] Current edifice
Inmates that are classified with security levels 5B and 5A are locked down for 23 hours a day in concrete cells, while inmates classified as 4B and 4A have freedom of movement within their specific cell block. Cell dimensions are 7½ x 11 feet. Each cell has a sink and toilet, small desk, concrete stool and concrete slab with a thin mattress. Since Ohio disqualifies supermax inmates from eligibility for parole (it is one of two such states), inmates at Youngstown are typically locked down until they "max out" (jailhouse slang for the end of a sentence). Inmates with the 5B and 5A security levels are generally those who fail to adapt or those who are active participants/ring leaders of security threat groups. Some inmates, because of their notoriety are classified as "long term" 5A inmates. (those who participated in the Lucasville Riots are an example). 4B inmates may exercise and congregate in their specific cell block. 4B inmates are required to lock down before security staff enter the block to make range checks, serve chow, etc. 4A inmates are not subject to this restriction. Death Row inmates reside in two cell blocks. One cell block is an extended privilege block, while the other is not. To be placed in the extended privilege death row cell block, an inmate must be conduct report free for at least three years. OSP currently holds level 5, 4 and 1 inmates. Level 1 inmates are housed outside of the institutional fence in their own building. Inmates placed in segregation are locked down with the exception of showers.
[edit] Legal cases
In 2002, the American Civil Liberties Union won the federal case of Wilkinson v. Austin, requiring certain due process guidelines be used in determining if prisoners can be moved to Ohio State. The number of inmates dropped after a court-ordered review of individual cases determined that two-thirds of the inmates did not meet the inclusion guidelines set down.
In October 2005, a federal judge ruled that the state can move death row to OSP, while cautioning that he will be monitoring prison officials' efforts to make promised changes to the prison. A majority of Ohio's death-row inmates have now been transferred to Youngstown. Before the move, the 194 men on death row were housed at Mansfield Correctional Institution, where death row was moved after the 1993 riots at the Southern Ohio Correctional Facility in Lucasville. Executions have not been moved and still take place at the Lucasville facility.
[edit] Original prison
The original Ohio Penitentiary was a major prison in Columbus, Ohio. It was finally razed in 1998 to make way for the Arena District in Columbus. During its reign as Ohio's top prison, the penitentiary hosted many notable prisoners including the murderer James H. Snook (inventor of the "snook hook" of veterinary fame and an Olympic gold medalist in Antwerp) before his execution, and the novelist O. Henry (for embezzlement). During the American Civil War, the prison housed members of John Hunt Morgan's Confederate cavalry, who had been detained following Morgan's Raid. Morgan and several of his men successfully escaped captivity and returned to the South.
[edit] External links
- [1] Bill Nichols, "Contemplating Torture," Prisonersolidarity.org, Jan. 27, 2006.
- [2] Andrew Welsh-Huggins, "Federal judge allows state to move death row to Youngstown," The Associated Press, Oct. 4, 2005
- [3] Staughton and Alice Lynd, "Prison Advocacy in a Time of Capital Disaccumulation," The Monthly Review, August 2001.
- [4] Daniel Sturm, "Ohio's Abu Ghraib," ZNet, August 3, 2005.
