Nurdle

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For 'nurdle' in cricket, see List of cricket terms#N.

A nurdle, also called a pre-production plastic pellet or plastic resin pellet, is a pellet typically under 5mm in diameter. Nurdles are a large contributor to marine debris and can cause starvation to marine wildlife, as well as other environmental hazards. A nurdle may be called a mermaid's tear, a term which may also refer to pollution in the form of degraded plastic.

Nurdles that escape from the plastic production process into waterways or oceans have become a significant source of ocean and beach pollution, frequently finding their way into the digestive tracts of various marine creatures.

Mermaid tears are small pieces of plastic. They are from degraded plastic pollution or raw materials of plastic factories (Nurdle). Also named 'poison pills' they are described as small plastic spheres, they exist primarily in the ocean.[1] During a three month study of Orange County beaches researchers found them to be the most common beach contaminant.[2]

Approximately 60 billion pounds of nurdles are manufactured annually in the United States alone, and one pound of pelletized HDPE contains approximately 22,000 nurdles. Nurdles comprised roughly 98% of the beach debris collected in a 2001 Orange County study. Nurdles can carry two types of micropollutants in the marine environment - toxic plastic additives and pollutants attracted to nurdles from the ambient seawater. Concentrations of PCBs and DDE on nurdles collected from Japanese coastal waters were found to be up to 1 million times higher than the levels detected in surrounding seawater.

[edit] Pop culture references

Nurdles are discussed in Alan Weisman's The World Without Us (Chapter 9: Polymers are Forever). In the passage, University of Plymouth marine biologist Richard Thompson is said to be guiding a visitor along the shore of the River Plym estuary and inviting that person to identify the various debris, the hardest to identify are described by Weisman as "...a couple dozen blue and green plastic cylinders about two millimeters high." In establishing their role as a pollutant, the passage continues:

"They're called nurdles. They're the raw materials of plastic production. They melt these down to make all kinds of things." He walks a little further, then scoops up another handful. It contains more of the same plastic bits: pale blue ones, greens, reds, and tans. Each Handful he calculates; is about 20 percent plastic, and each holds at least 30 pellets. "You find these things on virtually every beach these days. Obviously they are from some factory." However, there is not plastic manufacturing anywhere nearby. The pellets have ridden some current over a great distance until they were deposited here - collected and sized by the wind and tide.

Weisman also mentions the nurdles later in the chapter as he overviews the research done by Charles Moore on the pollution in the North Pacific Gyre as the so called Great Pacific Garbage Patch.

[edit] References

  1. ^ Ayre, Maggie (2006). Plastics 'poisoning world's seas'. BBC News.
  2. ^ Moore, Charles (2002). A comparison of neustonic plastic and zooplankton abundance in southern California’s coastal waters and elsewhere in the North Pacific. Algalita Marine Research Foundation.

[edit] External links